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鄭仕群

I am an M.D. and Lead AI Architect specializing in LLMs and medical AI. Bridging medicine and machine learning, my award-winning products are used globally and by many Taiwan's medical institutions.

Education

Chang Gung University, Department of Medicine

Eight Year Club
Seven Year Club
Writing Debut
Six Year Club
Five Year Club
Four Year Club
Three Year Club
Two Year Club
One Year Club
Empire and Enlightenment after John Law: Merchant Capitalism and Political Economy in the French East India Company

Empire and Enlightenment after John Law: Merchant Capitalism and Political Economy in the French East India Company

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4 min read
Sir Edward Coke’s Infidel: Imperial Anxiety and the Colonial Origins of a “Strange Extrajudicial Opinion”

Sir Edward Coke’s Infidel: Imperial Anxiety and the Colonial Origins of a “Strange Extrajudicial Opinion”

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5 min read
Mr. Aecroid’s Tables: Economic Calculations and Social Customs in the Early Modern Countryside

Mr. Aecroid’s Tables: Economic Calculations and Social Customs in the Early Modern Countryside

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7 min read
Fiscal Innovation Gone Bad: Comprehensive Business Censuses from the Florentine 1427, 1433, and 1458 Catasti

Fiscal Innovation Gone Bad: Comprehensive Business Censuses from the Florentine 1427, 1433, and 1458 Catasti

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7 min read
Reproductive Unfreedom and Structural Violence in Early Modern Catholic Europe

Reproductive Unfreedom and Structural Violence in Early Modern Catholic Europe

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3 min read
On the Edge of Power: Peasants and Escape Ecologies in Eastern Europe, 1700–1850

On the Edge of Power: Peasants and Escape Ecologies in Eastern Europe, 1700–1850

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3 min read
Refractory Latin: Prismatic Translation and Spiritual Diagrams

Refractory Latin: Prismatic Translation and Spiritual Diagrams

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5 min read
Courage and Cowardice in the Imperial Army

Courage and Cowardice in the Imperial Army

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5 min read
Disease, Wilderness Warfare, and Imperial Relations: The Battle for Quebec, 1759—1760

Disease, Wilderness Warfare, and Imperial Relations: The Battle for Quebec, 1759—1760

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3 min read
Reappraising Late Medieval Strategy: The Example of the 1415 Agincourt Campaign

Reappraising Late Medieval Strategy: The Example of the 1415 Agincourt Campaign

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4 min read
Family first: Defining, constructing, and applying historical patent families

Family first: Defining, constructing, and applying historical patent families

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4 min read
Print culture and economic constraints: A quantitative analysis of book prices in eighteenth-century Britain

Print culture and economic constraints: A quantitative analysis of book prices in eighteenth-century Britain

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6 min read
Did the 1917–21 economic depression accelerate the epidemiological transition?

Did the 1917–21 economic depression accelerate the epidemiological transition?

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7 min read
The evolution of the value of water power during the Industrial Revolution

The evolution of the value of water power during the Industrial Revolution

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6 min read
Credibility is not enough: Fiscal monetization and currency depreciation in early-modern Venice

Credibility is not enough: Fiscal monetization and currency depreciation in early-modern Venice

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5 min read
The Inquisition and the decline of science in Spain

The Inquisition and the decline of science in Spain

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4 min read
Incentives and the economics of freedom: Slave peculium, manumission, paramone, collateral, and principal–agent model

Incentives and the economics of freedom: Slave peculium, manumission, paramone, collateral, and principal–agent model

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10 min read
A better ride: New evidence on travel and the quality of roads in England and Wales, 1660-1820

A better ride: New evidence on travel and the quality of roads in England and Wales, 1660-1820

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6 min read
Epidemic mortality and redistribution of housing wealth in Leiden, 1632–1668

Epidemic mortality and redistribution of housing wealth in Leiden, 1632–1668

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4 min read
The Volcanic Crisis of Persian Babylonia (426–424 b.c.e.)

The Volcanic Crisis of Persian Babylonia (426–424 b.c.e.)

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4 min read
Academic human capital in European countries and regions, 1200–1793

Academic human capital in European countries and regions, 1200–1793

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7 min read
The far side of capitalism: Institutions and trade financing in Manila during the long eighteenth century

The far side of capitalism: Institutions and trade financing in Manila during the long eighteenth century

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6 min read
The cost of the consumer revolution: Prices, material living standards, and real inequality in Amsterdam (1630‒1805)

The cost of the consumer revolution: Prices, material living standards, and real inequality in Amsterdam (1630‒1805)

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6 min read
The Samurai Bond: Credit Supply, Market Access, and Structural Transformation in Pre-War Japan

The Samurai Bond: Credit Supply, Market Access, and Structural Transformation in Pre-War Japan

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5 min read
Financial Developments in London in the Seventeenth Century: The Financial Revolution Revisited

Financial Developments in London in the Seventeenth Century: The Financial Revolution Revisited

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5 min read
Drafting the Great Army: The Political Economy of Conscription in Napoleonic France

Drafting the Great Army: The Political Economy of Conscription in Napoleonic France

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5 min read
Ora et Guberna. The Economic Impact of the Rule of St Benedict in Medieval England

Ora et Guberna. The Economic Impact of the Rule of St Benedict in Medieval England

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7 min read
Plantation Mortgage-Backed Securities: Evidence from Surinam in the Eighteenth Century

Plantation Mortgage-Backed Securities: Evidence from Surinam in the Eighteenth Century

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8 min read
Adoption, Inheritance, and Wealth Inequality in Pre-industrial Japan and Western Europe

Adoption, Inheritance, and Wealth Inequality in Pre-industrial Japan and Western Europe

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4 min read
Shining Light on a Statistical Dark Age: Postal Activity in Antebellum America

Shining Light on a Statistical Dark Age: Postal Activity in Antebellum America

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3 min read
A Parochial Approach: Colonial Entomology on the Plantations of Nineteenth-Century Sri Lanka

A Parochial Approach: Colonial Entomology on the Plantations of Nineteenth-Century Sri Lanka

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3 min read
Geninka and Slavery: Jesuit Casuistry and Tokugawa Legislation on Japanese Bondage (1590s–1620s)

Geninka and Slavery: Jesuit Casuistry and Tokugawa Legislation on Japanese Bondage (1590s–1620s)

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3 min read
Navigating a Hostile Medium: Observations of the Environment As an Aid to Oceanic Voyaging in the Age of Sail

Navigating a Hostile Medium: Observations of the Environment As an Aid to Oceanic Voyaging in the Age of Sail

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3 min read
Colonial Recognition? The Appropriation of Dutch Land and Population Registers as Legal Documents in Eighteenth-Century Sri Lanka

Colonial Recognition? The Appropriation of Dutch Land and Population Registers as Legal Documents in Eighteenth-Century Sri Lanka

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4 min read
Revolution and Resistance: An Exploration of the Looping Effect in the Moluccas in 1817

Revolution and Resistance: An Exploration of the Looping Effect in the Moluccas in 1817

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2 min read
A Quiet Convergence of Interests: Makassar as an Emporium for Chinese Trade, 1613–1669

A Quiet Convergence of Interests: Makassar as an Emporium for Chinese Trade, 1613–1669

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2 min read
To Keep the Land Populated. Localising Empire and Constructing Locality, in the Sixteenth-Century Charcas Frontier

To Keep the Land Populated. Localising Empire and Constructing Locality, in the Sixteenth-Century Charcas Frontier

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5 min read
Autopsy of a futures market failure: Japan’s Dojima rice futures in the early 21st century

Autopsy of a futures market failure: Japan’s Dojima rice futures in the early 21st century

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3 min read
The Great Debasement and English overseas trade: Gresham and Johnson in context

The Great Debasement and English overseas trade: Gresham and Johnson in context

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2 min read
A Powerplay between Russia, Persia, and the Ottoman Empire: The Election of the Catholicos of All Armenians

A Powerplay between Russia, Persia, and the Ottoman Empire: The Election of the Catholicos of All Armenians

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4 min read
A Benevolent Empire? Exile, Politics of Relief, and Subjecthood (1790–1810)

A Benevolent Empire? Exile, Politics of Relief, and Subjecthood (1790–1810)

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4 min read
The First World War and working-class food consumption in Britain

The First World War and working-class food consumption in Britain

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4 min read
Defining Soldiers: Britain’s Military, c.1740–1815

Defining Soldiers: Britain’s Military, c.1740–1815

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3 min read
Dutch Mercenaries in the Tsar’s Service: The Van Bockhoven Clan

Dutch Mercenaries in the Tsar’s Service: The Van Bockhoven Clan

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2 min read
On Taḥqīq, Space Travel, and the Discovery of Jetlag: Post-Mongol Trajectories of Modern Spatial Thinking

On Taḥqīq, Space Travel, and the Discovery of Jetlag: Post-Mongol Trajectories of Modern Spatial Thinking

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2 min read
From Flanders to Pernambuco: Battleground Perceptions in the Portuguese Early Modern Atlantic World

From Flanders to Pernambuco: Battleground Perceptions in the Portuguese Early Modern Atlantic World

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3 min read
Alchemy in Early Colonial Lima and Greenland

Alchemy in Early Colonial Lima and Greenland

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2 min read
The Dangers of ‘Warming and Replenishing’ (wenbu 溫補) during the Ming to Qing Epistemic Transition

The Dangers of ‘Warming and Replenishing’ (wenbu 溫補) during the Ming to Qing Epistemic Transition

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2 min read
Translating Forbidden Authors: New Evidence on the Alchemical Library of Don Antonio de’ Medici

Translating Forbidden Authors: New Evidence on the Alchemical Library of Don Antonio de’ Medici

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4 min read
Renaissance Goo: Senses and Materials in Early Modern Apothecary Taxonomies and Soft Matter Science

Renaissance Goo: Senses and Materials in Early Modern Apothecary Taxonomies and Soft Matter Science

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2 min read
Sperm Whales, Wax Sculptures, and Historical Analysis: The Role of Fat Chemistry in Authenticating Artworks in Early Twentieth-Century Germany

Sperm Whales, Wax Sculptures, and Historical Analysis: The Role of Fat Chemistry in Authenticating Artworks in Early Twentieth-Century Germany

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2 min read
Fire Technologies of the Low-Heat Artisan in Early Modern Europe

Fire Technologies of the Low-Heat Artisan in Early Modern Europe

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2 min read
Mercantilist Ideology versus Administrative Pragmatism

Mercantilist Ideology versus Administrative Pragmatism

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2 min read
Huguenots, Jacobites, Prisoners and the Challenge of Military Remittances in Early Modern Warfare

Huguenots, Jacobites, Prisoners and the Challenge of Military Remittances in Early Modern Warfare

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2 min read
The Atmosphere in Spatial History: Digital Evidence and Visual Argument

The Atmosphere in Spatial History: Digital Evidence and Visual Argument

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2 min read
Two Perceptions of Süleyman’s ‘Magnificent’ Navy during the Later Italian Wars

Two Perceptions of Süleyman’s ‘Magnificent’ Navy during the Later Italian Wars

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2 min read
Sleeping in Church: Preaching, Boredom, and the Struggle for Attention in Medieval and Early Modern Europe

Sleeping in Church: Preaching, Boredom, and the Struggle for Attention in Medieval and Early Modern Europe

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2 min read
War without contact: Berenhorst, Bülow, and the avoidance of violence as the core paradigm of military science

War without contact: Berenhorst, Bülow, and the avoidance of violence as the core paradigm of military science

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5 min read
Interpreters as Japanese War Criminals

Interpreters as Japanese War Criminals

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3 min read
How Did China Project Military Resources Across the Taiwan Strait? Institutions, Agents and Knowledge During the Sino-French War of 1884–1885

How Did China Project Military Resources Across the Taiwan Strait? Institutions, Agents and Knowledge During the Sino-French War of 1884–1885

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1 min read
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