View source for 雷

{{character info}}
{{character info|0xf949}}
==Translingual==

===Han character===
{{Han char|rn=173|rad=雨|as=05|sn=13|four=10603|canj=MBW|ids=⿱⻗田}}

====Derived characters====
* {{l|mul|[[擂]], [[檑]], [[鐳]] ([[镭]]), [[礌]], [[鱩]], [[𰀞]], [[蕾]], [[靐]], [[癗]], [[䨻]]}}

====References====
{{Han ref|kx=1372.140|dkj=42245|dj=1881.030|hdz=64060.020|uh=96F7}}
{{Han ref|uh=F949}}

==Chinese==
{{zh-forms|alt=畾,𡈶,𩇓-ancient,𤴐-ancient,𩂩-ancient,𤳳-ancient,䨓-ancient,𩄣-ancient,靁-ancient,㗊-ancient,𤴑-ancient}}

===Glyph origin===
{{Han etym}}
Ancient simplification of {{och-l|靁}}, which was a {{Han compound|雨|畾|ls=psc|c1=s|t1=rain|c2=p|nocap=1}}.

===Etymology===
The Northern Min initial ''s-'' may be due to the loss of a pre-initial which might have been a velar considering dialect forms in Henan, Hebei and Shanxi, e.g. Taiyuan Jin {{zh-l|忽雷|tr=hueh4 lui1}} ({{zh-ref|Schuessler, 2007}}).

Perhaps from {{cog|sit}}. Compare {{cog|lus|râwl||voice; cry (of an animal); sound}}, {{cog|bo|ཁྲོལ||}}.

;"spoiler"
:{{clipping|zh|捏他八雷|tr=niētābāléi}}, from {{bor|zh|ja|ネタバレ|tr=netabare}}.

; "loyalty"
: By homophony of {{m|yue|二||two}} and {{m|yue|義||spirit of loyalty}}.

===Pronunciation===
{{zh-pron
|m=léi
|ma=Zh-léi.ogg
|m-s=nui2
|c=leoi4
|ca=LL-Q9186-Luilui6666-雷.wav
|c-t=lui3
|c-yj=lui4
|g=lui4
|h=pfs=lùi;hrs=h:lui;gd=lui2
|j=lui1
|mb=lô/sô
|mb_note=lô - literary; sô - vernacular
|md=lài/lòi
|md_note=lài - vernacular; lòi - literary
|mn=ml,jj,na,zp,tw,ph,ly:lûi
|mn-t=lui5
|mn-l=lui5
|px=pt,xy:lui2
|w=sh:6le
|w-j=
|x=lei2
|x-l=
|x-h=lui2
|mc=y
|oc=y
|cat=n,v,pn
}}

===Definitions===
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# [[thunder]]
#: {{zh-co|打 雷|to '''thunder'''}}
#: {{zh-co|電閃雷鳴|lightning flashes and thunder rumbles}}
#* {{zh-q|殷 其 '''靁{léi}'''，在 ^南山 之 陽。|Grandly rolls the '''thunder''',<br>On the south of the southern hill!|ref=Shijing}}
#* {{zh-q|鳳 銜 金榜 出 雲 來，平地 一 聲 雷。||ref={{circa|9th century}}, {{w|Wei Zhuang}}, {{lw|zh|s:喜遷鶯 (街鼓動)|喜遷鶯}}|CL}}
# {{lb|zh|in compounds}} [[lightning]]
#: {{zh-co|避雷針|'''lightning''' rod}}
#: {{zh-co|雷擊|'''lightning''' strike}}
# {{lb|zh|military|weaponry|in compounds}} [[explosive]] device; [[mine]]
#: {{zh-co|魚雷|torpedo}}
#: {{zh-co|手雷|grenade}}
#: {{zh-co|雷區|minefield}}
#: {{zh-co|排雷|to demine}}
# {{lb|zh|colloquial}} to [[astonish]]; to [[shock]]
# {{lb|zh|colloquial}} [[astonishment]]; [[surprise]]
#: {{zh-co|內容 有 雷|{{q|slang}} '''shocking content''' ahead}}
# {{zh-short|雷州|[[Leizhou]]}}
#: {{zh-co|雷劇|'''Leizhou''' opera}}
# {{lb|zh|neologism}} [[burdensome]]
# {{lb|zh|neologism}} to be [[burden]] to others
# {{lb|zh|Taiwan|neologism}} [[plot]] [[spoiler]]
#: {{syn|zh|捏他|劇透}}
# {{lb|zh|Hong Kong Cantonese|triad|_|slang}} [[two]]
# {{lb|zh|Hong Kong Cantonese|slang}} [[loyalty]]
# {{surname|zh}}
#: {{zh-x|^雷 ^震|{{w|Lei Chen|'''Lei''' Chen}} (Chinese dissident who founded the ''{{w|Free China Journal}}'' in Taiwan)}}

====Synonyms====
* {{sense|thunder}} {{zh-l|雷聲}}
* {{sense|lightning}} {{zh-l|閃電}}
{{zh-dial|雷}}

====Usage notes====
* As a noun on its own, {{l-self|zh|雷}} refers to [[thunder]]. In compounds, however, this character may also refer to [[lightning]].
* Not all military explosive devices are called {{l-self|zh|雷}}. Another commonly used name is {{zh-l|彈|tr=dàn}}, which is more often used with propelled explosive weapons.

====Compounds====
{{col3|zh|雷達|雷打不動|雷電|雷動|雷公|雷管|雷害|雷擊|雷厲風行|雷鳴|雷鳥|雷聲|雷聲大，雨點小|雷霆|雷霆萬鈞|雷衕|雷丸|雷雨|雷雨雲|雷陣雨|雷琴|乾打雷|五雷轟頂|伯雷|克雷因|哈姆雷特|哈雷彗星|地雷|大發雷霆|大雷雨|天打雷劈|天雷|奔雷|奔馳如雷|如雷|如雷灌耳|如雷貫耳|射控雷達|導向魚雷|巴雷利|布雷|布雷克|布雷克磨|布雷爾港|布鼓雷門|忽雷|悶雷|打悶雷|打攔頭雷|打雷|拖雷|掀雷抉電|掃雷|掌心雷|掌聲雷動|旱天雷|春雷|暴燥如雷|暴跳如雷|暴躁如雷|暴雷|暴雷也似|歡呼雷動|歡聲雷動|氣象雷達|水雷|炸雷|烈火轟雷|焦雷|熱雷雨|爆燥如雷|瓦釜雷鳴|疾如雷電|疾雷|疾風迅雷|百面雷|竹地雷|聚蚊成雷|聞雷失箸|肚裡雷鳴|落雷|蚊雷|蟄雷|訇雷震|詭雷|起雷|轟然雷動|轟雷掣電|轟雷貫耳|迅雷|避雷|醉雷公|金鼓雷鳴|防空雷達|陳布雷|陳雷膠漆|難越雷池|雷公嘴|雷公藤|雷劈|雷厲|雷厲風飛|雷同|雷嗔電怒|雷堆|雷塘|雷多公路|雷大雨小|雷射|雷區|雷射刀|雷射唱片|雷射唱盤|雷射攝影|雷射音響|雷峰塔|雷州半島|雷巾|雷師|雷抃|雷暴|雷根主義|雷殛|雷汞|雷池|雷火|雷神|雷神鞭|雷芽|雷諾瓦|雷車|雷轟電掣|雷達搜索|雷達站|雷達追蹤|雷部|雷鋒運動|雷陳膠漆|雷雨交加|雷雨胞|雷雲|雷電交加|雷霆之怒|雷霆電雹|雷震|雷鞭|雷音|雷馬克|雷鳴瓦釜|雷鳴遠|雷鼓|雷龍|震天雷|霹雷|順風雷|風掣雷行|風雷|風雷之性|風雷火炮|魚雷|魚雷快艇|鴨子聽雷|麻雷子|鼙鼓雷鳴|鼻鼾如雷|鼾聲如雷|鼾聲雷動|鼾齁如雷|齁聲雷起|雷家祠|雷山|雷河|弗雷特|雷鋒|雷家店|雷城|雷州|雷人|火山雷|甕雷|雷藏寺}}

===References===
* {{R:yue:Hanzi}}
* {{thcwd|10313}}

{{cat|cmn|Elementary Mandarin}}
{{C|zh|Atmospheric phenomena}}

==Japanese==

===Kanji===
{{ja-kanji|grade=c|rs=雨05}}

# thunder, lightning bolt

====Readings====
{{ja-readings
|goon=らい
|kanon=らい
|kun=かみなり-, いかずち-<いかづち-
|nanori=あずま<あづま
}}

====Compounds====
{{der-top4|Compounds}}
{{ja-r/multi|data=
* {{ja-r/args|雷%雨|らい%う}}
* {{ja-r/args|雷%雲|らい%うん}}
* {{ja-r/args|雷%管|らい%かん}}
* {{ja-r/args|雷%撃|らい%げき}}
* {{ja-r/args|雷%公|らい%こう}}
* {{ja-r/args|雷%光|らい%こう}}
* {{ja-r/args|雷%獣|らい%じゅう|[[thunder]] [[beast]]}}
* {{ja-r/args|雷%神|らい%じん}}
* {{ja-r/args|雷%声|らい%せい}}
* {{ja-r/args|雷%鳥|らい%ちょう|[[rock]] [[ptarmigan]], [[snow]] [[grouse]]}}
* {{ja-r/args|雷%電|らい%でん}}
* {{ja-r/args|雷%同|らい%どう}}
* {{ja-r/args|雷%名|らい%めい}}
* {{ja-r/args|雷%鳴|らい%めい}}
* {{ja-r/args|遠%雷|えん%らい}}
* {{ja-r/args|魚%雷|ぎょ%らい}}
* {{ja-r/args|地%雷|じ%らい}}
* {{ja-r/args|春%雷|しゅん%らい}}
* {{ja-r/args|迅%雷|じん%らい}}
* {{ja-r/args|地%雷|ち%らい}}
* {{ja-r/args|爆%雷|ばく%らい}}
* {{ja-r/args|避%雷|ひ%らい}}
** {{ja-r/args|避%雷%針|ひ%らい%しん}}
* {{ja-r/args|蚊%雷|ぶん%らい}}
* {{ja-r/args|落%雷|らく%らい}}
}}
{{der-bottom}}

===Etymology 1===
<div style="float:right;">
{{wikipedia|lang=ja}}
{{wikipedia|Thunder|mul=Lightning}}
[[File:Lightning over Oradea Romania 3.jpg|thumb|right|250px|{{lang|ja|雷}} (''kaminari'', ''kannari'', ''ikazuchi'', ''narukami'', ''rai''): '''[[thunder]]''' and '''[[lightning]]'''.]]
</div>
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=k|かみなり}}

Originally a compound of {{ja-com|神|かみ|t1=[[god]], [[spirit]]|鳴り|なり|pos2={{ja-ryk|鳴る|なる|t=to [[cry out]], to [[call]]|nodot=1}}}}.<ref name="KDJ">{{R:Kokugo Dai Jiten}}</ref><ref name="DJS">{{R:Daijisen}}</ref><ref name="DJR"/>

====Pronunciation====
{{ja-pron|かみなり|acc=3|acc_ref=NHK,DJR|acc2=4|acc2_ref=NHK,DJR}}

====Noun====
{{ja-noun|かみなり}}

# [[thunder]] {{gl|[[loud]] [[sound]] caused by [[expansion]] of [[rapid]]ly [[heat]]ed [[air]]}}
#: {{syn|ja|雷鳴|tr=raimei}}
# [[lightning]], [[thunderbolt]]
#: {{syn|ja|[[電]], [[稲妻]]|tr1=inazuma|稲光|tr2=inabikari|落雷|tr3=rakurai}}
#* {{quote-book|ja
|title=Vol.1
|date=1999-02-04
|publisher=w:Konami
|chapter=ja:サンダー・キッズ
|trans-chapter=Thunder Kid}}
#*: {{ja-usex|'''雷''' を からだ の 中 に 蓄%電 させている。泣かせた とき は 危%険。|'''かみなり''' を からだ の なか に ちく%でん させている。なかせた とき は き%けん。|He stores '''lightning''' inside his body. He’s very dangerous when he cries.}}
#* {{quote-book|ja
|title=BOOSTER 1
|date=1999-03-01
|publisher=w:Konami
|chapter=ja:エレキッズ
|trans-chapter=Elekid}}
#*: {{ja-usex|'''雷'''攻%撃 は 意%外 と 強い。甘く 見る と 感%電 する ぞ。|'''かみなり'''こう%げき は い%がい と つよい。あまく みる と かん%でん する ぞ。|It has a surprisingly powerful '''lightning''' attack. However, its electrocution tends to be underestimated.}}
# thunder [[god]]

=====Usage notes=====
This ''kaminari'' reading is the most common reading when used as a standalone noun.

=====Derived terms=====
{{der-top3}}
{{ja-r/multi|data=
* {{ja-r/args|神鳴|^かみなり}}
* {{ja-r/args|雷 烏賊|かみなり いか}}
* {{ja-r/args|雷 親%父|かみなり おや%じ}}
* {{ja-r/args|雷%雲|かみなり%ぐも}}
* {{ja-r/args|雷%声|かみなり%ごえ}}
* {{ja-r/args|雷%豆%腐|かみなり%どう%ふ}}
* {{ja-r/args|雷 の 陣|かみなり の じん}}
* {{ja-r/args|雷鳴 の 壺|^かみなり の ^つぼ}}
* {{ja-r/args|雷 の 間|かみなり の ま}}
* {{ja-r/args|雷%林|^かみなり%ばやし}}
* {{ja-r/args|雷%干し|かみなり%ぼし|rom=-}}, {{ja-r/args|雷%乾し|かみなり%ぼし}}
* {{ja-r/args|雷%門|^かみなり%もん}}
* {{ja-r/args|雷%除け|かみなり%よけ}}
* {{ja-r/args|地%雷|じ%がみなり}}
* {{ja-r/args|虫%出し 雷|むし%だし かみなり}}
}}
{{der-bottom}}

=====Idioms=====
* {{ja-r|雷 が 落ちる|かみなり が おちる|thunder comes down → to be [[scold]]ed severely by a superior, to be [[rip]]ped a new one}}
* {{ja-r|雷 三%日|かみなり みっ%か}}

=====See also=====
* {{ja-r|雷電|らいでん|[[thunder]] and [[lightning]]}}

===Etymology 2===
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=i|かんなり|alt=雷鳴り,雷鳴}}

{{IPAchar|/kaminari/}} → {{IPAchar|/kamʉnari/}} → {{IPAchar|/kanːari/}}

Shift in pronunciation from ''kaminari'' above.<ref name="KDJ"/><ref name="DJR"/>

====Pronunciation====
{{ja-pron|かんなり}}

====Noun====
{{ja-noun|かんなり}}

# {{lb|ja|sort=かんなり|rare|archaic}} {{n-g|Same as {{m|ja||かみなり|tr=kaminari}} above}}

=====Derived terms=====
* {{ja-r|雷 の 陣|かんなり の じん}}

====Proper noun====
{{ja-pos|proper|かんなり}}

# {{lb|ja|sort=かんなり|rare|archaic}} {{short for|ja|雷鳴の壺|tr=Kannari no Tsubo|dot=:|sort=かんなり}} one of the [[five]] [[building]]s in the [[imperial]] [[palace]] in {{m|ja|平安京|tr={{w|Heian-kyō}}}}, modern-day [[Kyoto]]

===Etymology 3===
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=k|いかずち}}

{{IPAfont|⟨ika tu ti⟩}} → {{IPAfont|⟨ikaduti⟩}} → {{IPAchar|/ikad͡ʑut͡ɕi/}} → {{IPAchar|/ikaʑut͡ɕi/}}

From {{inh|ja|ojp|sort=いかずち|-}}.

Originally a compound of {{ja-com|厳|いか|t1=[[sternness]], [[terribleness]], [[imposingness]]|つ|つ|pos2={{cog|ojp|-}} possessive particle|霊|ち|t3=[[spirit]], [[force]], [[essence]]}}.<ref name="KDJ"/><ref name="DJS"/><ref name="DJR"/>

====Pronunciation====
{{ja-pron|いかずち}}

====Noun====
{{ja-noun|いかずち|hhira=いかづち}}

# {{lb|ja|sort=いかずち|archaic}} [[thunder]]
# {{lb|ja|sort=いかずち|obsolete}} something [[ferocious]] and [[imposing]], a [[demon]] or [[devil]]

====Proper noun====
{{ja-pos|proper|いかずち|hhira=いかづち}}

# {{surname|ja|sort=いかすち}}

===Etymology 4===
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=i|なるかみ|alt=鳴る神,鳴神}}

Compound of {{ja-com|鳴る|なる|t1=to cry out, to call|神|かみ|t2=god, spirit}}.<ref name="KDJ">{{R:Kokugo Dai Jiten}}</ref><ref name="DJR">{{R:Daijirin}}</ref>

====Pronunciation====
{{ja-pron|なるかみ}}

====Noun====
{{ja-noun|なるかみ}}

# {{lb|ja|sort=なるかみ|rare}} [[thunder]] {{qualifier|the sound}}
# {{lb|ja|sort=なるかみ|rare}} [[lightning]], a [[thunderbolt]]

====Proper noun====
{{ja-pos|proper|なるかみ}}

# one of the eighteen styles of [[kabuki]]
#: This sense is more commonly spelled as {{ja-l|鳴神}}.

===Etymology 5===
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=o|らい}}

From {{der|ja|ltc|sort=らい|-}} {{ltc-l|雷}}.

Compare modern {{cog|cmn|雷|tr=léi}} and {{cog|yue|雷|tr=leoi{{sup|4}}}}.

====Pronunciation====
{{ja-pron|らい|acc=1|acc_ref=DJR}}

====Noun====
{{ja-noun|らい}}

# a [[thunder]]
# [[lightning]]

=====Usage notes=====
Used more in compounds than on its own. As a standalone noun, the ''kaminari'' reading is the most common.

=====Derived terms=====
* {{ja-r|雷 の 間|らい の ま}}
* {{ja-r|雷%斧|らい%ふ}}
* {{ja-r|機%雷|き%らい}}

====Affix====
{{ja-pos|affix|らい}}

# [[thunder]]
# [[thunderous]], [[noisy]]
# [[famous]]
# [[large]], [[explosive]] [[weapon]]

====Proper noun====
{{ja-pos|proper|らい}}

# {{given name|ja|female|sort=らい}}
# {{surname|ja}}

===References===
<references/>

{{C|ja|Atmospheric phenomena|sort=かみなり}}

==Kikai==

===Kanji===
{{kzg-kanji}}

====Readings====
{{kzg-readings
|kun=はんまい-
}}

===Noun===
{{kzg-head|noun|はんまい}}

# [[thunder]]

===References===
* {{R:JLect|はんまい【雷】|1908|hanmai-hammai}}

{{c|kzg|Atmospheric phenomena|sort=はんまい}}

==Korean==

===Etymology===
From {{der|ko|ltc|-}} {{ltc-l|雷|id=1}}. {{hanja-hunmong|뢰|lwoy|天文#상02B}}

===Hanja===
{{ko-hanja-search}}
{{ko-hanja|우레|뢰||뇌}}

# {{hanja form of|[[뢰]]/[[뇌]]|[[thunder]]; [[lightning bolt]]}}
#: {{syn|ko|震|tr={{m|ko|진}}}}

====Compounds====
{{der-top|Compounds}}
{{ko-l/multi|data=
* {{ko-l/args|뇌성|[[thunder]] {{gloss|sound caused by lightning}}|雷聲}}
* {{ko-l/args|뇌관|[[detonator]]|雷管}}
* {{ko-l/args|지뢰|[[land mine]]|地雷}}
* {{ko-l/args|어뢰|[[torpedo]]|魚雷}}
* {{ko-l/args|낙뢰|[[thunderbolt]]|落雷}}
* {{ko-l/args|뇌우|[[thunderstorm]]|雷雨}}
* {{ko-l/args|폭뢰|[[depth charge]]|爆雷}}
* {{ko-l/args|피뢰침|[[lightning rod]]|避雷針}}
}}
{{der-bottom}}

===References===
* {{R:hanjadoc|13788}}

==Okinawan==

===Kanji===
{{ryu-kanji|rs=雨05}}

====Readings====
{{ryu-readings
|kun=かんない-
}}

===Etymology===
Cognate with {{cog|ja|雷|tr=kaminari}}.

===Noun===
{{ryu-noun|かんない}}

# [[thunder]]

===References===
* {{R:JLect|かんない【雷】|518|kannai}}

{{C|ryu|Atmospheric phenomena|sort=かんない}}

==Old Japanese==

===Etymology===
Originally a compound of {{com|ojp|sort=いかつち|嚴|tr1=ika|t1=[[sternness]], [[terribleness]], [[imposingness]]|つ|tr2=tu|pos2=possessive particle|靈|tr3=ti|t3=[[spirit]], [[force]], [[essence]]}}.<ref name="KDJ">{{R:Kokugo Dai Jiten}}</ref><ref name="DJS">{{R:Daijisen}}</ref><ref name="DJR">{{R:Daijirin}}</ref>

===Noun===
{{head-lite|ojp|nouns|tr=ikaduti|kana|いかづち|sort=いかつち|sc=Jpan}}

# [[thunder]]
#* {{RQ:Manyoshu|3|235, first variant}}, text [https://web.archive.org/web/20210514215330/http://jti.lib.virginia.edu/japanese/manyoshu/Man3Yos.html#235 here]
#*: {{ux|ojp|皇者神二四座者天雲之'''雷'''之上尓廬為流鴨|tr=opoki<sub>1</sub>mi<sub>1</sub> pa kami<sub>2</sub> ni si maseba amakumo no<sub>2</sub> '''ikaduti''' no<sub>2</sub> upe<sub>2</sub> ni iporaseru ka mo|Since {{w|Empress Jitō|our sovereign}} is a god, she builds a temporary palace above the '''thunder''' in the heavenly clouds.<ref>{{cite-book|year=2007|author={{w|Motoori Norinaga}}|editor=Michael F. Marra|title=The Poetics of Motoori Norinaga: A Hermeneutical Journey|publisher=University of Hawaii Press|isbn=9780824830786|page=230}}</ref>}}
# [[demon]] or [[devil]]

====Descendants====
* {{desc|ja|雷|tr=ikazuchi}}

====See also====
* {{m|ojp|鳴神|tr=narukami<sub>2</sub>}}

===References===
<references/>

==Vietnamese==

===Han character===
{{vi-readings|reading=lôi|rs=雨05}}

# {{rfdef|vi|sort=雨05}}