un

See also: Un and Appendix:Variations of "un"

Languages (73)

English

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Page categories

English

Noun

un (plural uns)

1. Alternative spelling of 'un

Anagrams

• NU, Nu, nu

Aragonese

Etymology

From Latin ūnus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈun/
• Rhymes: -un
• Syllabification: un

Numeral

un

1. one

Aromanian

Etymology

From Latin ūnus. Compare Romanian un.

Article

un (feminine unã or une)

1. (indefinite article) a, an

Related terms

• unu

Asturian

Asturian cardinal numbers

<  0	1	2  >
Cardinal : un     Ordinal : primeru

Alternative forms

• unu

Etymology

From Latin ūnus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈun/, [ˈũŋ]

• Audio:

  (file)

Numeral

un (indeclinable)

1. one

Azerbaijani

Other scripts

Cyrillic		ун
Abjad		اون

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *ūn.

Noun

un (definite accusative unu, plural unlar)

1. flour

   buğda unu ― wheat flour

   qarğıdalı unu ― corn flour

   bir torba un ― a bag of flour

   bir çuval un ― a sack of flour

   unu ələkdən keçirmək ― to sieve through flour

   unu ələmək ― to sieve through flour

Declension

Declension of un
	singular	plural
nominative	un	unlar
definite accusative	unu	unları
dative	una	unlara
locative	unda	unlarda
ablative	undan	unlardan
definite genitive	unun	unların

Possessive forms of un
	nominative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	unum	unlarım
sənin (“your”)	unun	unların
onun (“his/her/its”)	unu	unları
bizim (“our”)	unumuz	unlarımız
sizin (“your”)	ununuz	unlarınız
onların (“their”)	unu or unları	unları
	accusative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	unumu	unlarımı
sənin (“your”)	ununu	unlarını
onun (“his/her/its”)	ununu	unlarını
bizim (“our”)	unumuzu	unlarımızı
sizin (“your”)	ununuzu	unlarınızı
onların (“their”)	ununu or unlarını	unlarını
	dative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	unuma	unlarıma
sənin (“your”)	ununa	unlarına
onun (“his/her/its”)	ununa	unlarına
bizim (“our”)	unumuza	unlarımıza
sizin (“your”)	ununuza	unlarınıza
onların (“their”)	ununa or unlarına	unlarına
	locative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	unumda	unlarımda
sənin (“your”)	ununda	unlarında
onun (“his/her/its”)	ununda	unlarında
bizim (“our”)	unumuzda	unlarımızda
sizin (“your”)	ununuzda	unlarınızda
onların (“their”)	ununda or unlarında	unlarında
	ablative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	unumdan	unlarımdan
sənin (“your”)	unundan	unlarından
onun (“his/her/its”)	unundan	unlarından
bizim (“our”)	unumuzdan	unlarımızdan
sizin (“your”)	ununuzdan	unlarınızdan
onların (“their”)	unundan or unlarından	unlarından
	genitive
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	unumun	unlarımın
sənin (“your”)	ununun	unlarının
onun (“his/her/its”)	ununun	unlarının
bizim (“our”)	unumuzun	unlarımızın
sizin (“your”)	ununuzun	unlarınızın
onların (“their”)	ununun or unlarının	unlarının

Further reading

• “un” in Obastan.com.

Binandere

Noun

un

1. water

Further reading

• Jonathan Paul Wilson, Binandere nominal structures (1996)

Breton

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *ʉn, from Proto-Celtic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos.

Article

un

1. a/an

See also

• ur
• ul

Catalan

Catalan numbers ^(edit)

		10
	←  0	1	2  →	10  →
Cardinal: u, un     Ordinal: primer     Ordinal abbreviation: 1r
Catalan Wikipedia article on 1

Etymology

From Latin ūnum (“one”), accusative form of ūnus (“one”), from Old Latin oinos, from Proto-Italic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos. Romance cognates include Occitan un. Also related to English one.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [un]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -un

Article

un m (feminine una, masculine plural uns, feminine plural unes)

1. an; the indefinite article
2. (in the plural) some

Usage notes

• Unlike English, Catalan uses the indefinite article with plural nouns as well as singular nouns.
• Catalan cardinal numbers may be used as masculine or feminine adjectives, except un/una (“1”), dos/dues (“2”), cents/centes (“100s”) and its compounds. When used as nouns, Catalan cardinal numbers are treated as masculine singular nouns in most contexts, but in expressions involving time such as la una i trenta (1:30) or les dues (two o'clock), they are feminine because the feminine noun hora has been elided.

Numeral

un m (feminine una, noun form u)

1. (cardinal number) one

Pronoun

un m sg (feminine una)

1. one; indefinite pronoun

Derived terms

• cada un
• l'un a l'altre
• tot d'una

 

Chamorro

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /un/

Etymology 1

Origin unknown.

Pronoun

un

1. thou, you (singular)

   Kao un taitai i lepblo-mu? ― Did you read your book?

Usage notes

• un is used solely as a subject in a transitive verb, while hao is used as either a subject in an intransitive verb or an object in a transitive verb.

See also

Chamorro personal pronouns

hu-type pronouns
	singular	plural inclusive	plural exclusive
1st person	hu	ta	in
2nd person	un	en
3rd person	ha	ma
yoʼ-type pronouns
	singular	plural inclusive	plural exclusive
1st person	yoʼ	hit	ham
2nd person	hao	hamyo
3rd person	gueʼ	siha
emphatic pronouns
	singular	plural inclusive	plural exclusive
1st person	guahu	hita	hami
2nd person	hagu	hamyo
3rd person	guiya	siha

Etymology 2

From Spanish un.

Article

un

1. a, an

References

• Donald M. Topping (1973) Chamorro Reference Grammar‎^[3], Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.

Chinese

Etymology 1

From clipping of English understand.

Pronunciation

• Cantonese (Jyutping): an¹

---

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: an¹
    • Yale: ān
    • Cantonese Pinyin: an¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: en¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɐn⁵⁵/

Verb

un

1. (Hong Kong Cantonese, colloquial) to understand

   你un唔un呀？ [Cantonese]  ―  nei⁵ an¹ m⁴ an¹ aa³? [Jyutping]  ―  Do you understand? (literally, “You un(derstand) or not un(derstand)?”)

Etymology 2

Romanisation of 䟴, influenced by spelling of English un. Not related to English un semantically.

Pronunciation

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ngan³ / an³

---

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: ngan³ / an³
    • Yale: ngan / an
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ngan³ / an³
    • Guangdong Romanization: ngen³ / en³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɐn³³/, /ɐn³³/

Verb

un

1. (Cantonese) Alternative form of 䟴

Etymology 3

Romanisation of 𬒔, influenced by spelling of English un. Not related to English un semantically.

Pronunciation

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ang² / ngang²

---

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: ang² / ngang²
    • Yale: áng / ngáng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ang² / ngang²
    • Guangdong Romanization: eng² / ngeng²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɐŋ³⁵/, /ŋɐŋ³⁵/

Verb

un

1. (Cantonese) Alternative form of 𬒔

Chuukese

Verb

un

1. to drink

Cimbrian

Etymology

From Middle High German unde, from Old High German unti, from Proto-Germanic *andi. Cognate with German und, Dutch en, English and, Icelandic enn.

Conjunction

un

1. (Luserna, Sette Comuni) and

References

• “un” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo
• Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

Corsican

Etymology

From Latin unus (“one”), from Old Latin oinos, from Proto-Italic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos. Cognates include Italian un (“a”) and French un (“a, one”).

Article

un m (feminine una)

1. a, an

Crimean Tatar

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *ūn. Cognate to Kumyk ун (un), etc.

Noun

un

1. flour

References

https://classes.ru/all-crtatar/dictionary-crtatar-russian-cyr-term-12094.htm

Dongxiang

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /uŋ/

Noun

un

1. Alternative form of uwun (“winter”)

Drehu

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /un/

Noun

un

1. snake

References

• Tyron, D.T., Hackman, B. (1983) Solomon Islands languages: An internal classification. Cited in: "Dehu" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271–283.
• Leenhardt, M. (1946) Langues et dialectes de l'Austro-Mèlanèsie. Cited in: "ⁿDe’u" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271–283.

Dutch Low Saxon

Conjunction

un

1. and

Fala

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese ũu, from Latin ūnus (“one”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos (“one; single”).

Article

un m sg (plural us or unhus or unhos, feminine unha, feminine plural unhas)

1. Masculine singular indefinite article; a
   • 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Theme I, Chapter 2: Númerus?:

     As lenguas, idiomas, dialectus o falas tenin un-as funciós mui claras desde o principiu dos siglu i si hai contabilizaus en o mundu un-as 8.000 lenguas, ca un-a con sua importancia numérica relativa, a nossa fala é un tesoiru mais entre elas.

     The tongues, languages or regional variants have some very clear functions since the beginning of the centuries and some 8,000 languages have been accounted for in the world, each with its relative numerical importance, our Fala is another treasure among them.

Numeral

un m (feminine unha)

1. one

Related terms

• primeiru (“first”)

References

• Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎^[4], 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN

Franco-Provençal

Etymology

Inherited from Latin ūnus. Doublet of yon (“one”).

Determiner

un (feminine una or 'na, plural des) (ORB, broad)

1. a, an (masculine singular indefinite article)

References

• un [1] in DicoFranPro: Dictionnaire Français/Francoprovençal – on dicofranpro.llm.umontreal.ca
• un in Lo trèsor Arpitan – on arpitan.eu

French

Etymology

From Old French un, from Latin ūnum, accusative singular of ūnus (“one”), from Old Latin oinos, from Proto-Italic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /œ̃/, /ɛ̃/, (before a vowel) /œ̃.n‿/, /ɛ̃.n‿/
• (Quebec) IPA^(key): [œ̃˞]
• When used as a noun, it is treated as aspirated (no liaison with that which precedes). Sometimes the same is true of the numeral (see below and compare onze). When used as an article or pronoun, liaison does apply normally.

• Audio (France):

  (file)

• Audio (France):

  (file)

• Audio (France):

  (file)

• Audio (Belgium):

  (file)

• Audio (Quebec):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -œ̃, -ɛ̃

Article

un m (feminine une, plural des, negative de)

1. an, a

Numeral

French numbers ^(edit)

		10
	←  0	1	2  →	10  →
Cardinal: un     Ordinal: premier     Ordinal abbreviation: 1er     Multiplier: simple     Fractional: entier
French Wikipedia article on 1

un (feminine une, masculine plural uns, feminine plural unes)

1. one

Usage notes

• The numeral is treated as aspirated in calculating and stating values: soustraire deux de un (“to subtract two from one”), une moyenne de un (“an average of one”). Also in dates, though this is considered nonstandard: le un mars for le premier mars (“March 1st”). Otherwise it is unaspirated.
• Whereas in English the singular is used only after the number one, in French it is typically used after numbers smaller than two. This means that both zéro and un are generally used with the singular, even when they are followed by a decimal part.

zéro point ― zero points

0,35 mètre ― 0.35 metres

1,99 euro ― 1.99 euros

Derived terms

• comme pas un
• être moins une
• plutôt deux fois qu’une
• un à un
• un contre un
• un par un
• un pour tous, tous pour un
• une fois n’est pas coutume

 

Descendants

• Haitian Creole: en
• Louisiana Creole: in, un

Pronoun

un m (feminine une, masculine plural uns, feminine plural unes)

1. one, someone

Derived terms

• les uns les autres
• l’un après l’autre
• l’un dans l’autre
• l’un l’autre

 

Noun

un m (plural un or uns)

1. one (the number or figure)

Further reading

• “un”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Anagrams

• nu

Friulian

Etymology

From Latin ūnus.

Article

un m (feminine une)

1. a, an

Adjective

un

1. one

Numeral

un (feminine une)

1. one

Pronoun

un

1. one

Related terms

• unî

Galician

Galician numbers ^(edit)

		10
	[a], [b] ←  0	1	2  → [a], [b], [c]	10  →
Cardinal (standard / masculine): un     Cardinal (standard / feminine): unha     Cardinal (reintegrationist / masculine): um     Cardinal (reintegrationist / feminine): umha, uma     Ordinal: primeiro     Ordinal abbreviation: 1º
Galician Wikipedia article on 1

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese un, ũu, from Latin ūnus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈuŋ/ [ˈuŋ]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uŋ

Article

un m sg (feminine unha, masculine plural uns, feminine plural unhas)

1. (indefinite) a, one

Usage notes

The article un and its inflected forms unha, uns, and unhas all form contractions with the prepositions con (“with”), de (“of, from”), and en (“in”).

Derived terms

• cun, cunha, cunhas, cuns
• dun, dunha, dunhas, duns
• nun, nunha, nunhas, nuns

Numeral

un m (feminine unha)

1. one

Usage notes

The numeral un and its feminine form unha form contractions with the prepositions con (“with”), de (“of, from”), and en (“in”).

Derived terms

• cun, cunha
• dun, dunha
• nun, nunha

References

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “un”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “ũu”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “un”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “un”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Garifuna

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ũ/

Postposition

un

1. to

Inflection

Postposition un

	singular		plural
first	nun		wun
second	bun		hun
third	masculine	feminine	hun
	lun	tun

German Low German

Alternative forms

• on (in Low Prussian and some other dialects)

Etymology

Ultimately cognate to German und.

Conjunction

un

1. and

   Planten un Blomen ― plants and flowers

Guinea-Bissau Creole

Guinea-Bissau Creole cardinal numbers

<  0	1	2  >
Cardinal : un

Etymology

From Portuguese um. Cognate with Kabuverdianu un.

Numeral

un

1. one (1)

Article

un

1. a, an (indefinite article)

Gun

Alternative forms

• n (Nigeria)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ũ̀/

Pronoun

ùn

1. I (first-person singular subject pronoun)

See also

Gungbe personal pronouns
Number	Person	Emphatic Pronoun	Subject Pronoun	Object Pronoun	Possessive Determiner
Singular	First	nyɛ́, yẹ́n	ùn, n	mi	cé, ṣié
	Second	jɛ̀, jẹ̀, yẹ̀, hiẹ̀	à	wè	tòwè
	Third	éɔ̀, úɔ̀, éwọ̀	é	è	étɔ̀n, étọ̀n
Plural	First	mílɛ́, mílẹ́	mí		mítɔ̀n, mítọ̀n
	Second	mìlɛ́, mìlẹ́	mì		mìtɔ̀n, mìtọ̀n
	Third	yélɛ́, yélẹ́	yé		yétɔ̀n, yétọ̀n

Hungarian

Etymology

Of unknown origin.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈun]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -un

Verb

un

1. (transitive) to be bored of, to be fed up with, to be tired of

Conjugation

conjugation of un

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	unok	unsz	un	ununk	untok	unnak
		Def.	unom	unod	unja	unjuk	unjátok	unják
		2nd-p. o.	unlak	―
	Past	Indef.	untam	untál	unt	untunk	untatok	untak
		Def.	untam	untad	unta	untuk	untátok	unták
		2nd-p. o.	untalak	―
	Future		Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. unni fog.
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	unék	unál	una	unánk	unátok	unának
		Def.	unám	unád	uná	unánk	unátok	unák
		2nd-p. o.	unálak	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. un vala, unt vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	unandok	unandasz	unand	unandunk	unandotok	unandanak
		Def.	unandom	unandod	unandja	unandjuk	unandjátok	unandják
		2nd-p. o.	unandalak	―
Condi­tional mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	unnék	unnál	unna	unnánk	unnátok	unnának
		Def.	unnám	unnád	unná	unnánk (or unnók)	unnátok	unnák
		2nd-p. o.	unnálak	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. unt volna
Sub­junc­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	unjak	unj or unjál	unjon	unjunk	unjatok	unjanak
		Def.	unjam	und or unjad	unja	unjuk	unjátok	unják
		2nd-p. o.	unjalak	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. unt légyen
Infinitive	unni		unnom	unnod	unnia	unnunk	unnotok	unniuk
Other forms	Verbal noun		Present part.	Past part.	Future part.	Adverbial participle		Causative
	unás		unó	unt or unott	unandó	unva (unván)		untat
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs).

potential conjugation of un

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	unhatok	unhatsz	unhat	unhatunk	unhattok	unhatnak
		Def.	unhatom	unhatod	unhatja	unhatjuk	unhatjátok	unhatják
		2nd-p. o.	unhatlak	―
	Past	Indef.	unhattam	unhattál	unhatott	unhattunk	unhattatok	unhattak
		Def.	unhattam	unhattad	unhatta	unhattuk	unhattátok	unhatták
		2nd-p. o.	unhattalak	―
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	unhaték	unhatál	unhata	unhatánk	unhatátok	unhatának
		Def.	unhatám	unhatád	unhatá	unhatánk	unhatátok	unhaták
		2nd-p. o.	unhatálak	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. unhat vala, unhatott vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	unhatandok or unandhatok	unhatandasz or unandhatsz	unhatand or unandhat	unhatandunk or unandhatunk	unhatandotok or unandhattok	unhatandanak or unandhatnak
		Def.	unhatandom or unandhatom	unhatandod or unandhatod	unhatandja or unandhatja	unhatandjuk or unandhatjuk	unhatandjátok or unandhatjátok	unhatandják or unandhatják
		2nd-p. o.	unhatandalak or unandhatlak	―
Condi­tional mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	unhatnék	unhatnál	unhatna	unhatnánk	unhatnátok	unhatnának
		Def.	unhatnám	unhatnád	unhatná	unhatnánk (or unhatnók)	unhatnátok	unhatnák
		2nd-p. o.	unhatnálak	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. unhatott volna
Sub­junc­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	unhassak	unhass or unhassál	unhasson	unhassunk	unhassatok	unhassanak
		Def.	unhassam	unhasd or unhassad	unhassa	unhassuk	unhassátok	unhassák
		2nd-p. o.	unhassalak	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. unhatott légyen
Inf.	(unhatni)		(unhatnom)	(unhatnod)	(unhatnia)	(unhatnunk)	(unhatnotok)	(unhatniuk)
Positive adjective			unható	Neg. adj.	unhatatlan	Adv. part.	(unhatva / unhatván)

Derived terms

• unalom
• unatkozik
• unos-untalan
• untat
• untig

 

(With verbal prefixes):

• beleun
• elun
• megun
• ráun

Further reading

• un in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Hunsrik

Alternative forms

• unn

Etymology

From Middle High German unde, from Old High German unti, from Proto-Germanic *andi, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /un/

Conjunction

un

1. and

   Draus is es kalt un nass.

   It's cold and wet outside.

   Ich kaafe Epple un Bananne.

   I buy apples and bananas.

Further reading

• Online Hunsrik Dictionary

Ido

Ido numbers ^(edit)

		10
	←  0	1	2  →	10  →
Cardinal: un     Ordinal: unesma     Adverbial: unfoye     Multiplier: unopla     Fractional: unima

Etymology

Borrowed from French un, Italian un, Spanish un.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /un/

Numeral

un

1. one

Derived terms

• una (“one (showing unity)”)
• unajo (“unit”)
• unesala (“unitary”)
• unesma (“first”)
• unesme (“first, at first, first of all”)
• uneso (“unity, oneness”)
• unfoye (“once, one time”)
• unigar (“to unify: to form into one”)
• unigo (“unification”)
• -uno
• uno (“unit”)
• unu (“one (person)”)

 

Interlingua

Article

un

1. an, a

Numeral

un

1. one

Italian

Etymology

From uno, from Latin ūnus (“one”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /un/
• Rhymes: -un
• Hyphenation: un

Article

un m (apocopated)

1. Apocopic form of uno: a, an

Numeral

un (apocopated)

1. Apocopic form of uno: one

Pronoun

un m (apocopated)

1. (literary) Apocopic form of uno: one (indefinite pronoun)
   • c. 1200, Guido Cavalcanti, “Vedete ch'io son un che vo piangendo”, in Rime:

     Vedete ch'io son un che vo [sic] piangendo

     You see that I'm someone who cries.

Anagrams

• nu

Japanese

Romanization

un

1. Rōmaji transcription of うん

Juǀ'hoan

Pronunciation

• The nasal vowel IPA^(key): /ũ/

Letter

un (upper case Un)

1. A letter of the Juǀ'hoan alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Kabuverdianu

Kabuverdianu cardinal numbers

<  0	1	2  >
Cardinal : un

Etymology

From Portuguese um.

Numeral

un

1. one (1)

Article

un

1. a, an (indefinite article)

Karakalpak

Noun

un

1. flour

Ladin

Ladin cardinal numbers

<  0	1	2  >
Cardinal : un     Ordinal : prim

Etymology

From Latin ūnus.

Adjective

un

1. one

Noun

un m (uncountable)

1. one

Ladino

Etymology

From Old Spanish un, from Latin ūnus (“one”), from Old Latin oinos, from Proto-Italic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos (“one”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /un/

Article

un (Hebrew spelling און, plural unos, feminine una)

1. a (masculine singular)

Latvian

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle Low German un (“and”). It replaced, in this sense, the particle ir (compare Lithuanian ir, which still has the sense of “and”). Variants were und, unde and ind, in (these latter may have been influenced by ir, but ind also existed in Middle Low German). From the 18th century on, the form un gradually became dominant.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ùn]

Conjunction

un

1. additive conjunction used to link similar terms in a clause; and

   Didzis un Ilga apstājās ― Didzis and Ilga stopped

   tas ir skaists un dārgs ― this is beautiful and expensive

   tēvs strādā un domā ― father is working and thinking

2. used to link clauses within a sentence; and

   Lupatu Zeta smējās tik sirsnīgi, ka asaras sakāpa acīs un pat Lupats pieliecās klausīties ― Lupatu Zeta laughed so heartily that tears filled her eyes and even Lupats leaned forward to listen

   pie tēva vīri atnāk uz runāšanu... Annelei patīk skatīties, kādi tie vīri un kā viņi runā ― (some) men came to father to talk... Annele liked to look what those men looked like and how they spoke

3. used to link two independent clauses, indicating simultaneity, sequence, contrast, opposition, or comparison between them; and

   uzlec saule, un sākas jauna diena ― the sun rises, and a new day begins

   Annele papurināja smiedamās galvu, un visi lakati bija atkal nost ― Annele shook her head, laughing, and all scarves were (= fell) off once more

   Ansis bija noliesējis gluži dzeltenīgs, nomocījis, un tomēr viņa acīs bija arī līksmība ― Ansis had lost weight, grown rather yellow, (he looked) run down, and yet in his eyes there was also joy

   pavasarī viņam palika pieci gadi, un tas jau bija diezgan cienījams vecums ― in spring he became five years (old), and that was already quite a respectable age

4. used to introduce an independent clause, linking it to the preceding context

   mātei varēja stāstīt visu... vai tiešām visu? un Ģirts atskārta, ka pēdējā laikā noticis daudz kas tāds, par ko viņš tomēr nestāstīs mātei... ― mother might tell everything... really everything? and Ģirts realized that recently many things had happened that he wouldn't tell mother...

   atceries, cik Latvijā šis vārds skanēja noslēpumaini un vilinoši: Kalifornija! un tagad ļoti labvēlīgs liktenis tevi iespēlējis tieši teiksmainajā Kalifornijā ― remember how in Latvia this word sounds mysterious and tempting: California! and now a very favorable fate has brought you to legendary California

Ligurian

Ligurian cardinal numbers

<  0	1	2  >
Cardinal : un     Ordinal : prìmmo     Adverbial : ùnn-a vòtta     Multiplier : séncio     Distributive : scingolarménte

Etymology

From Latin ūnus, from Old Latin oinos, from Proto-Italic *oinos, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /yŋ/

Numeral

un m (feminine ùnn-a)

1. one

Noun

un m (invariable)

1. The number one.

Article

un m (feminine ùnn-a)

1. a, an (male)

Usage notes

• When followed by a word beginning with a vowel, the article undergoes apheresis, becoming 'n, and the place of articulation of the nasal changes from velar to dental:

  un + òmmo → 'n òmmo (“a man”) (pronounced [ˈnɔmmu], NOT [ˈŋɔmmu])

• When followed by a word beginning with a consonant:
  • the article becomes in (pron. /iŋ/), if:
    • it is found in sentence-initial position, or after a punctuation mark
    • it is preceded by a word ending in /ŋ/

      in matìn in figeu o corîva – a boy was running one morning (pron. [iŋ maˈtiŋ iŋ fiˈd͡ʒø u kuˈriːva])

  • the article undergoes apheresis, becoming 'n, without the nasal changing place of articulation:

    ò visto 'n zìn – I saw a sea urchin (pron. [ɔ ˈvistu ŋ ˈziŋ])

Pronoun

un m (feminine ùnn-a)

1. someone, a person

   Ò vìsto un ch'o m'à dæto dêxe éori.

   I saw someone who gave me ten euros.

Livonian

Etymology

Ultimately from Middle Low German un, probably through Latvian un.

Interjection

un

1. and

Louisiana Creole

Louisiana Creole cardinal numbers

<  0	1	2  >
Cardinal : un     Ordinal : prémiyé

Alternative forms

• in

Etymology

Inherited from French un (“a, one”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /œ̃/
• Rhymes: -œ̃

Article

un m (indefinite, feminine unn or ènn)

1. a, an

Numeral

un

1. one

Luxembourgish

Alternative forms

• u (used before consonants other than d, h, n, t, z)

Etymology

From Old High German ana. The form is phonetically regular through the developments -a- → -ue- in originally open syllables, and -ue- → -u- before nasals.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /un/

Preposition

un (+ dative or accusative)

1. on; at; to

   D’Biller hänken un der Wand.

   The pictures hang on the wall.

Manx

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos. Compare Breton unan, Cornish onan, Irish aon.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /eːn/, /ɯːn/, /uːn/

Numeral

un

1. one

Related terms

• unnane

Middle French

Alternative forms

• ung

Etymology

From Old French un, from Latin ūnus (“one”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ỹ/

Article

un

1. a, an

Numeral

un (invariable)

1. one

Descendants

• French: un

Middle Welsh

Alternative forms

• vn

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *ʉn, from Proto-Celtic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʉn/

Numeral

un

1. one

Mutation

Mutated forms of un

radical	soft	nasal	h-prothesis
un	unchanged	unchanged	hun

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Middle Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Simon Evans (1964) A Grammar of Middle Welsh, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, § 1

Mirandese

Article

un m (feminine ua)

1. a, an

Norman

Alternative forms

• iun (Guernsey)

Etymology

From Old French uns, from Latin ūnus (“one”).

Pronunciation

• Audio (Jersey):

  (file)

Article

un m

1. a / an (masculine indefinite article)

Coordinate terms

• (gender): eune
• (definiteness): lé

Numeral

un m (feminine ieune)

1. (Jersey) one

Occitan

Occitan cardinal numbers

<  0	1	2  >
Cardinal : un     Ordinal : primièr

Etymology

From Old Occitan un, from Latin ūnus (“one”).

Pronunciation

• (Gascony) IPA^(key): /ˈy/
• (Languedoc) IPA^(key): /ˈyn/

• Audio (Gascony):

  (file)

• Audio (Languedoc):

  (file)

• Hyphenation: un

Article

un m (feminine una)

1. a, an (masculine singular indefinite article)

Numeral

un

1. one

Further reading

• Joan de Cantalausa (2006) Diccionari general occitan a partir dels parlars lengadocians‎^[5], 2 edition, →ISBN, page 1009.

Old French

Etymology

From Latin ūnum, accusative singular of ūnus (“one”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /yn/

Article

un

1. a, an (masculine oblique singular indefinite article)
2. a, an (masculine nominative plural indefinite article)

Declension

Old French indefinite articles

	Case	masculine	feminine
singular	subject	uns	une
	oblique	un	une
plural	subject	un	unes
	oblique	uns	unes

Numeral

cardinal number

1	Previous:	n/a
	Next:	deus

un (nominative uns, feminine une)

1. one

Descendants

• Middle French: un, ung
  • French: un
• Norman: un, iun (Guernsey)
• Walloon: un

Old Galician-Portuguese

Article

un

1. Alternative form of ũu

Old Tupi

Alternative forms

• ũ (São Vicente)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *un (“black, dark”).

Cognate with Guaraní hũ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈũn/
• Rhymes: -ũn
• Hyphenation: un

Adjective

un (IIa class pluriform, R1 run, R2 sun, noun form una)

1. black
2. dark

   Synonym: putun

Declension

    Declension of un (consonant ending) (See Appendix:Old Tupi adjectives)

Note: not all forms are attested, most of the table is reconstructed based on known patterns.

Causative	moún
Deadjectivals
-ba'e	i unyba'e
-sab(a)	undaba
	Singular		Singular & Plural	Plural
	1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person exclusive	1st person inclusive	2nd person
Adjectival forms
Active
Indicative	xe un	nde un	i un	oré un	îandé un	pe un
Imperative
Permissive	ta xe un	ta nde un	t'i un	t'oré un	t'îandé un	ta pe un
Negative indicative	na xe uni	na nde uni	n'i uni	n'oré uni	n'îandé uni	na pe uni
Negative imperative		nde un umẽ				pe un umẽ
Negative permissive	ta xe un umẽ	ta nde un umẽ	t'i un umẽ	t'oré un umẽ	t'îandé un umẽ	ta pe un umẽ
Gerund
Affirmative	xe unamo	nde unamo	o unamo	oré unamo	îandé unamo	pe unamo
Negative	xe une'ymamo	nde une'ymamo	o une'ymamo	oré une'ymamo	îandé une'ymamo	pe une'ymamo
Nominal forms
Infinitive
Affirmative	una
Negative	une'yma
Circumstantial
Affirmative	same as gerund1
	xe uni2		i uni2	oré uni2	îandé uni2
Negative	same as gerund1
	xe une'ymi2		i une'ymi2	oré une'ymi2	îandé une'ymi2
1South Tupi 2North Tupi

Derived terms

adjectives

• ũmbarab

 

nouns

• 'ysokaúna
• abatiúna
• akaraúna
• araruna
• ka'iúna
• pindaúna
• sabîaúna
• tataûrana
• tieúna
• timuna
• tiîeúna
• una
• ûyraûasuúna

 

verbs

• moún
• obamoún
• obaún
• îemoún

 

See also

Colours in Old Tupi (layout · text)
Nouns	piranga	îuba	oby	obyeté	*umbyka	morotinga, tinga	una	tingaíba, pytanga / pyxanga
Adjectives	pirang	îub			*umbyk	moroting, ting	un	tingaíb, pytang / pyxang

Further reading

• Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2013) “un”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, page 498, column 1

Palikur

Noun

un n

1. water

References

• Languages of the Amazon (2012, →ISBN

Papiamentu

Papiamentu cardinal numbers

<  0	1	2  >
Cardinal : un

Etymology

From Spanish uno and Portuguese um and Kabuverdianu un.

Numeral

un

1. one (1)

Article

un

1. a, an (indefinite article)

Pennsylvania German

Alternative forms

• un'

Etymology

Cognate to German und, English and.

Conjunction

un

1. and

Piedmontese

Piedmontese cardinal numbers

<  0	1	2  >
Cardinal : un

Etymology

From Latin ūnus, from Old Latin oinos, from Proto-Italic *oinos. Cognates include Italian uno and French un.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /yŋ/
• IPA^(key): /ʏŋ/

Numeral

un

1. one

Romagnol

Romagnol numbers ^(edit)

		10
	←  0	1	2  →	10  →
Cardinal: un, ũ     Ordinal: prèm

Etymology 1

From Latin ūnum (“one”).

Pronunciation

• (Central Romagnol): IPA^(key): [u]

• (Ville Unite):

Article

un m (feminine una)

1. a, an

   Un òman l'impèja e’ fug. ― A man lights the fire.

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• (Central Romagnol): IPA^(key): [ˈuː]

• (Ville Unite):

Numeral

un m (feminine una)

1. one

   Am so tajê un pè.

   I've cut one foot.

References

Masotti, Adelmo (1996) Vocabolario Romagnolo Italiano [Romagnol-Italian dictionary] (in Italian), Bologna: Zanichelli, page 683

Romanian

Alternative forms

• (Moldavian) ун (un)

Etymology

From Latin ūnus, from Old Latin oinos, from Proto-Italic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /un/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -un

Article

un m or n (feminine singular o, plural niște)

1. a, an (indefinite article)

Usage notes

Un is also used as a cardinal number (see unu and una).

O is used for feminine nouns:

un bărbat ― a man (masculine)

un vis ― a dream (neuter)

o femeie ― a woman (feminine)

Declension

indefinite article forms	singular		plural
	m, n	f
nom/acc	un	o	niște
gen/dat	unui	unei	unor

Related terms

• unu (used as a numeral/cardinal number)
• unul (used as an indefinite pronoun)

Salar

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *un. Cognate with Azerbaijani, Gagauz, and Turkish un, Turkmen ūn.

Noun

un (3rd person possessive unı, plural unlar)

1. flour

References

• Tenishev, Edhem (1976) “un”, in Stroj salárskovo jazyká [Grammar of Salar], Moscow

Sassarese

Alternative forms

• unu

Etymology

From Latin ūnus (“one”), from Old Latin oinos, from Proto-Italic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos (“one, single”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /un/

Article

un m (indeterminative, feminine una)

1. a, an

References

• Rubattu, Antoninu (2006) Dizionario universale della lingua di Sardegna, 2nd edition, Sassari: Edes

Saterland Frisian

Etymology

From Old Frisian and, from Proto-Germanic *andi. Cognates include West Frisian en and German und.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʊn/
• Hyphenation: un
• Rhymes: -ʊn

Conjunction

un

1. and
   • 2000, Marron C. Fort, transl., Dät Näie Tästamänt un do Psoolme in ju aasterlauwerfräiske Uurtoal fon dät Seelterlound, Fräislound, Butjoarlound, Aastfräislound un do Groninger Umelounde [The New Testament and the Psalms in the East Frisian language, native to Saterland, Friesland, Butjadingen, East Frisia and the Ommelanden of Groningen], →ISBN, Dät Evangelium ätter Matthäus 1:20:

     Wilst hie noch deeruur ättertoachte, ferskeen him n Ängel fon dän Here in n Droom un kwaad: Josef, Súun fon David, freze die nit, Maria as dien Wieuw bie die aptouníemen;

     While he was still thinking about it, came to him an angel from the Lord in a dream and said: Joseph, son of David, don't be afraid to take Maria as your wife;

References

• Marron C. Fort (2015) “un”, in Saterfriesisches Wörterbuch mit einer phonologischen und grammatischen Übersicht, Buske, →ISBN

Serbo-Croatian

Numeral

un (Cyrillic spelling ун)

1. (Chakavian) one (1)

Synonyms

• jedan
• jen (regional)

Sicilian

Etymology

From unu, from Latin ūnus.

Article

un m sg

1. (indefinite) a, an

Usage notes

Un is never used before words starting with the letter z or s and a consonant, like the Italian un

See also

Sicilian articles
	Masculine	Feminine
indefinite singular	un, nu	na
definite singular	lu, û	la, â
definite plural	li, î	li, î

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *onъ.

Determiner

un

1. (regional) that

Spanish

Spanish numbers ^(edit)

	1
Cardinal: uno     Apocopated cardinal: un     Ordinal: primero     Apocopated ordinal: primer     Ordinal abbreviation: 1.º     Multiplier: simple     Distributive: sendos
Spanish Wikipedia article on 1

Etymology

From uno, from Latin ūnus (“one”), from Old Latin oinos, from Proto-Italic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos (“one”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /un/ [ũn]
• Rhymes: -un
• Syllabification: un

Article

un m (indefinite, plural unos, feminine una, feminine plural unas)

1. a

Usage notes

• When a feminine noun starts with a stressed a- or ha-, un is used instead of una to prevent the sound from being used twice.

  ¡Mira al cielo, hay un águila!

  Look at the sky, there's an eagle!

  ¡Manos arriba, tengo un arma!

  Hands up, I have a gun!

Numeral

un m (apocopate, standard form uno)

1. (before the noun) Apocopic form of uno (“one”)

Usage notes

• The form un is only used before and within the noun phrase of the masculine singular noun that it modifies. In other positions, uno is used instead.

Further reading

• “un”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

Sumerian

Romanization

un

1. Romanization of 𒌦

Tagalog

Etymology

From 'yun or 'yon, clipping of iyon, where ⟨'yu⟩ was replaced with English U, read as in the English letter, to shorten it. See also yaon.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈjun/ [ˈjun̪]
• Rhymes: -un
• Syllabification: un

Pronoun

un (Baybayin spelling ᜌᜓᜈ᜔) (colloquial, text messaging)

1. Abbreviation of 'yun.

Anagrams

• n.u.

Tatar

Numeral

un (Cyrillic spelling ун)

1. ten

Turkish

Etymology

From Old Turkic [script needed] (un), from Proto-Turkic *ūn.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /un/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

un (definite accusative unu, plural unlar)

1. flour

Declension

Inflection
Nominative	un
Definite accusative	unu
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	un	unlar
Definite accusative	unu	unları
Dative	una	unlara
Locative	unda	unlarda
Ablative	undan	unlardan
Genitive	unun	unların
Possessive forms Nominative Singular Plural 1st singular unum unlarım 2nd singular unun unların 3rd singular unu unları 1st plural unumuz unlarımız 2nd plural ununuz unlarınız 3rd plural unları unları Definite accusative Singular Plural 1st singular unumu unlarımı 2nd singular ununu unlarını 3rd singular ununu unlarını 1st plural unumuzu unlarımızı 2nd plural ununuzu unlarınızı 3rd plural unlarını unlarını Dative Singular Plural 1st singular unuma unlarıma 2nd singular ununa unlarına 3rd singular ununa unlarına 1st plural unumuza unlarımıza 2nd plural ununuza unlarınıza 3rd plural unlarına unlarına Locative Singular Plural 1st singular unumda unlarımda 2nd singular ununda unlarında 3rd singular ununda unlarında 1st plural unumuzda unlarımızda 2nd plural ununuzda unlarınızda 3rd plural unlarında unlarında Ablative Singular Plural 1st singular unumdan unlarımdan 2nd singular unundan unlarından 3rd singular unundan unlarından 1st plural unumuzdan unlarımızdan 2nd plural ununuzdan unlarınızdan 3rd plural unlarından unlarından Genitive Singular Plural 1st singular unumun unlarımın 2nd singular ununun unlarının 3rd singular ununun unlarının 1st plural unumuzun unlarımızın 2nd plural ununuzun unlarınızın 3rd plural unlarının unlarının

Turkmen

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *ūn.

Noun

un (definite accusative [please provide], plural [please provide])

1. flour

Uzbek

Other scripts
Yangi Imlo
Cyrillic	ун‍
Latin	un‍
Perso-Arabic (Afghanistan)

Noun

un (plural unlar)

1. flour

Venetian

Alternative forms

• on (rural areas)

Etymology

From Latin ūnus.

Article

un m (feminine na)

1. masculine singular indefinite article; a, an

Numeral

un

1. one

Welsh

Welsh numbers ^(edit)

		10[a], [b]
	←  0	1	2  → [a], [b]	10  → [a], [b]
Cardinal: un     Ordinal: cyntaf     Ordinal abbreviation: 1af     Adverbial: unwaith
Welsh Wikipedia article on 1

Etymology

From Middle Welsh un, from Proto-Brythonic *ʉn, from Proto-Celtic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos.

Pronunciation

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /ɨːn/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /iːn/
• Rhymes: -ɨːn

Numeral

un

1. (cardinal number) one

Usage notes

• With a singular feminine noun, causes the limited soft mutation (i.e. the soft mutation but excludes mutation of ll- and rh-. So un rhyfel 'one battle' not *un ryfel but un gath [<cath], un ferch [< merch], etc.). Does not mutate masculine or plural nouns.

Adjective

un

1. only, sole

Noun

un m (plural unau)

1. one, individual

   Sut un ydy dy chwaer?

   What's your sister like (as a person)?

   (literally, “What kind of one is your sister?”)

2. each (by extension of 'one')

   Mae'r afalau 'ma'n costio trideg ceiniog yr un, neu ddwy bunt y cilo.

   These apples cost thirty pence each [per unit], or two pounds a kilo.

Related terms

• dim un (“none”)
• pob un (“each”)
• -yn

Mutation

Mutated forms of un

radical	soft	nasal	h-prothesis
un	unchanged	unchanged	hun

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “un”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Yoruba

Pronunciation

• (mid-tone): IPA^(key): /ũ̄/
• (high-tone): IPA^(key): /ṹ/

Pronoun

un

1. him, her, it (third-person singular non-honorific object pronoun following a monosyllabic verb with a high-tone /ũ/)

Pronoun

ún

1. him, her, it (third-person singular non-honorific object pronoun following a monosyllabic verb with a low- or mid-tone /ũ/)

See also

Affirmative subject pronouns

	singular	plural or honorific
1st person	mo	a
2nd person	o	ẹ
3rd person	ó	wọ́n

Negative subject pronouns

	singular	plural or honorific
1st person	mi / n	a
2nd person	o	ẹ
3rd person	[pronoun dropped]	wọn

Object pronouns

	singular	plural or honorific
1st person	mi	wa
2nd person	ọ / ẹ	yín
3rd person	[preceding vowel repeated for monosyllabic verbs] / ẹ̀	wọn

Note: except for yín, object pronouns have a high tone following a low or mid tone monosyllabic verb, and a mid tone following a high tone. For complex verbs, the tone does not change.

Emphatic pronouns

	singular	plural or honorific
1st person	èmi	àwa
2nd person	ìwọ	ẹ̀yin
3rd person	òun	àwọn