View source for ri

{{also|Appendix:Variations of "ri"}}
{{minitoc}}
==English==

===Etymology===
From the [[McCune-Reischauer]] romanization of {{der|en|ko|리}}, from {{der|en|cmn|-}} {{der|en|zh|里|sc=Hani|tr=lǐ}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|en|/ɹiː/}}
* {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ri.wav|a=Southern England}}
* {{rhymes|en|iː|s=1}}

===Noun===
{{en-noun|s|li}}

# {{lb|en|Units of measure}} {{syn of|en|li|nodot=a}} as a [[Korean]] [[unit of measure|unit]] of [[distance]] [[equivalent]] to [[about]] 393{{nbsp}}[[m]].
# {{lb|en|music}} The [[solfeggio]] syllable used to indicate the [[sharp]] of the second note of a [[major scale]], [[enharmonic]] to [[me]].

===Anagrams===
* {{anagrams|en|a=ir|IR|Ir.|ir-}}

{{C|en|Units of measure}}

==Albanian==

===Etymology===
From {{inh|sq|sqj-pro|*(h)eríja-}} 'of this time, from this time, presently, of now > new, recent', a derivative of Alb. ''herë'' '(one) time, hour' etc., which is an old loan-word from Latin ''hōra'' 'time, hour' etc.; the Albanian substantive is historically not compatible with a reconstruction {{der|sq|ine-pro|*h₁r̥wo-}}, zero-grade of {{m|ine-pro|*h₁orwo-}} (compare {{cog|ang|earu||quick}}, {{cog|txb|ārwer||ready}}, {{cog|ae|𐬀𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬥𐬙|t=quick, brave}}), as has been proposed in the literature. According to R. Matasovic (A grammatical sketch of Albanian for students of Indo-European. Zadar 2018), the etymology of the adjective is controversial and has no accepted source or from {{der|sq|qfa-sub|-}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|sq|[ɾi]}}

===Adjective===
{{sq-adj-3|re|rinj|reja}}

# [[young]]
#: {{ux|sq|një vajzë e '''re'''|a '''young''' girl}}
# [[new]]
#: {{ux|sq|filma të '''rinj'''|'''new''' movies}}

===References===
Neri, Sergio, Article ''ri (i), re (e)'' in: Bardhyl Demiraj, Olav Hackstein, Sergio Neri und Ania Omari. ''DPEWA'', Digitales Philologisch-Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altalbanischen“ (15.-18. Jh.), München 2018-2021 (https://www.dpwa.gwi.uni-muenchen.de/dictionary/?lemmaid=14385)

==Anguthimri==

===Noun===
{{head|awg|noun}}

# {{lb|awg|Mpakwithi}} [[excrement]]

===References===
* Terry Crowley, ''The Mpakwithi dialect of Anguthimri'' (1981), page 188

==Dalmatian==

===Alternative forms===
* {{alt|dlm|rau}}

===Etymology===
From {{inh|dlm|la|reus}}. Compare {{cog|it|rio}}, {{cog|ro|rău}}.

===Adjective===
{{head|dlm|adjective|feminine|raja}}

# [[bad]]

==Danish==

===Etymology===
From {{bor|da|gml|rigen|t=to put in folds}}, from or related to {{der|da|osx|rekkian|t=to extend}}. Distantly related to {{cog|non|rekja|t=to unfold, unwind}}, hence a {{doublet|da|række|id1=reach|t1=to reach|nocap=1}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|da|/riː/|[ʁiːˀ]}}

===Verb===
{{head|da|verb|imperative|ri|present|rir|or|rier|past|riede|past participle|riet}}

# [[baste]], [[tack]] {{gloss|to sew with wide stitches to temporarily fasten pieces of cloth}}

====Derived terms====
* {{l|da|rining}}

{{C|da|Sewing}}

==Esperanto==
{{wikipedia|ri (pronoun)}}

===Etymology===
{{rfe|eo}} 

===Pronunciation===
{{eo-pron|a=LL-Q143 (epo)-Robin van der Vliet-ri.wav}}

===Pronoun===
{{head|eo|pronoun|accusative|rin|possessive|ria}}

# {{lb|eo|gender-neutral|nonstandard}} they {{qualifier|singular}}. {{non-gloss|A [[gender-neutral]] singular third-person personal pronoun.}}
#* {{quote-newsgroup
|eo
|newsgroup=soc.culture.esperanto
|author=Liland Brajant ROS'
|title=Pri Sennaciistaj postulatoj
|url=https://groups.google.com/d/msg/soc.culture.esperanto/iWSjwvWntVE/purZqfQBMZkJ
|year=1997
|passage=Kial gravas, kiu '''ri''' estas?
|translation=Why is it important, who '''they''' are?}}
#* {{quote-song
|eo
|title=Maldormemo mia
|album=Eksenlime
|artist=La Perdita Generacio
|year=2006
|passage=Najbaro laboranta en la sama laborejo / En la bela domo '''ri''' ne pentras plu
|translation=A neighbor working in the same workplace / In the beautiful house '''they''' don't paint anymore
}}
#* {{quote-journal
|eo
|work=Beletra Almanako
|year=2014
|issue=21
|page=32
|isbn=9781595692870
|issn=1937-3325
|oclc=156908050
|publisher=Mondial
|location=New York, N.Y.
|author=Roland Bonkorpa
|title=Fiinsulo
|passage='''Ri''' estis la plej pacienca kaj inteligenta hundo, kiun mi iam renkontis.
|translation='''They''' were the most patient and intelligent dog I had ever met.}}

====Usage notes====
In 1976, the gender-neutral pronoun ri was presented for the first time alongside the pronouns [[li]] (he) and [[ŝi]] (she). Until about 2010, it remained a seldom used experimental word, but after 2010 its use has increased significantly, especially in youth circles in Western countries. Comparable to [[Appendix:English third-person singular pronouns|English epicene pronouns]]. Also read about [[w:Gender reform in Esperanto|gender reform in Esperanto]]. Alternatives include expanding the use of the demonstrative pronoun {{m|eo|tiu||that one}} or using the similarly proscribed {{m|eo|ŝli}}.

====Synonyms====
* {{qualifier|neologism|non standard}} {{l|eo|ŝli}}

====Holonyms====
* {{l|eo|li|gloss=[[he]]}}
* {{l|eo|ŝi|gloss=[[she]]}}

====Derived terms====
* {{l|eo|riismo|t=ri-ism}}

==French==

===Pronunciation===
* {{fr-IPA}}
* {{audio|fr|Fr-Paris--ri.ogg|a=Paris}}

===Participle===
{{fr-past participle}}

# {{past participle of|fr|rire}}

==Galician==

===Verb===
{{head|gl|verb form}}

# {{gl-verb form of|rir}}
# {{gl-reinteg-verb form of|rir}}

==Guinea-Bissau Creole==

===Etymology===
From {{der|pov|pt|rir}}. Cognate with {{cog|kea|ri}}.

===Verb===
{{head|pov|verb}}

# to [[laugh]]

==Hausa==

===Pronunciation===
* {{ha-IPA|r̃ī̀}}

===Ideophone===
{{ha-pos|ideophone|r̃ī̀}}

# people or animals [[move|moving]] as a [[group]]

==Igbo==

===Pronunciation===
* {{sense|inherent tone}} {{IPA|ig|/rí/}}

===Verb===
{{ig-verb|ri}}

# to [[eat]], to [[absorb]].
#: ''[[ha#Igbo|Ha]] [[na#Igbo|na]]-'''eri''' [[nri#Igbo|nri]]''.
#:: They are eating food.
#* '''2019''', ''Bịabụlụ Nsọ nʼIgbo Ndị Ugbu a'', Biblica Inc., [[w:Gospel of Luke|Luke]] [https://www.bible.com/bible/77/luk.24.43 24:43]:
#*: {{quote|ig|O we nara ya, '''rie''' n'iru ha.
|translation=He then took it and '''ate''' it in front of them.}}
# to [[acquire]].

==Italian==

===Adjective===
{{head|it|adjective form|g=m}}

# {{masculine plural of|it|rio}}

===Anagrams===
* {{anagrams|it|a=ir|ir-}}

==Japanese==

===Romanization===
{{ja-romaji}}

# {{Latn-def|ja|syllable|り|リ|ri}}

==Javanese==

===Romanization===
{{jv-rom}}

# {{romanization of|jv|ꦫꦶ}}

==Kabuverdianu==

===Etymology===
From {{der|kea|pt|rir}}.

===Verb===
{{head|kea|verb}}

# to [[laugh]]

==Lashi==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|lsi|/ɹi/}}

===Particle===
{{head|lsi|particle}}

# {{n-g|Turns the preceding word into an accusative.}}

====References====
* {{R:lsi:Luk:2017}}

==Makasar==

===Etymology===
From {{inh|mak|poz-pro|*di}}, from {{inh|mak|map-pro|*di}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|mak|[ri]}}

===Preposition===
{{head|mak|preposition|Lontara spelling|ᨑᨗ}}

# {{ng|general preposition}} ([[in]], [[at]], [[to]] etc.)

==Mandarin==

===Romanization===
{{cmn-pinyin|notr=1}}

# {{nonstandard spelling of|cmn|rī}}
# {{nonstandard spelling of|cmn|rì}}

====Usage notes====
* {{cmn-toneless-note}}

==Nabi==

===Noun===
{{head|mty|noun}}

# [[woman]]

===References===
* [http://transnewguinea.org/source/laycock1968 transnewguinea.org], citing D. C. Laycock, ''Languages of the Lumi Subdistrict (West Sepik District), New Guinea'' (1968), Oceanic Linguistics, 7 (1): 36-66

==Norwegian Bokmål==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|nb|/riː/}}

===Etymology 1===
From {{inh|nb|non|hríð}}.

====Noun====
{{nb-noun}} {{attention|nb|added missing headword template, but no clue what goes in it}}

# [[attack]], [[sudden]] [[pain]] or [[mood]]
# a [[short]] [[while]]

===Etymology 2===
From {{der|nb|non|ríða}}.

====Alternative forms====
* {{alt|nb|ride}}

====Verb====
{{head|nb|verb|imperative|ri|present tense|rir|simple past|red|or|rei|past participle|ridd|present participle|riende}}

# to [[ride]] (''an animal, e.g. a horse'')

===References===
* {{R:The Bokmål Dictionary}}

==Norwegian Nynorsk==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|nn|/riː/}} {{nn-pronu-note}}

===Etymology 1===
From {{inh|nn|non|hríð}}.

====Alternative forms====
* {{alt|nn|rid}} {{nn-fcon|1938}}

====Noun====
{{nn-noun-f1}}

# [[attack]], [[sudden]] [[pain]] or [[mood]]
# a [[short]] [[while]]
# [[period]] with [[harsh]] [[weather]]

=====Derived terms=====
{{der3|nn
|angstri
|frostri
|føderi
|hosteri
|uvêrsri
}}

===Etymology 2===
From {{inh|nn|non|ríða}}, from {{inh|nn|gem-pro|*rīdaną}}.

====Alternative forms====
* {{alt|nn|rida|ride}}

====Verb====
{{head|nn|verb|cat2=strong verbs|cat3=class 1 strong verbs|present tense|rir|past tense|rei|past participle|ridd|or|ridt|or|ride|present participle|ridande|imperative|ri}}

# to [[ride]] {{q|an animal}}

=====Related terms=====
* {{l|nn|reia}}, {{l|nn|reie}}

===References===
* {{R:ND}}

===Anagrams===
* {{anagrams|nn|a=ir|ir}}

==Old Javanese==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|kaw|/ri/}}

===Etymology 1===
{{inh+|kaw|poz-pro|*duʀi}}, from {{inh|kaw|map-pro|*duʀi}}

====Noun====
{{head|kaw|noun}}

# [[thorn]]
# [[thorny]] [[plant]]

=====Alternative forms=====
* [[rwi]]
* [[hri]], [[ĕri]]

=====Descendants=====
* {{desc|jv|ꦫꦶ}}

===Etymology 2===
{{inh+|kaw|poz-pro|*di}}, from {{inh|kaw|map-pro|*di}}. Compare {{cog|mak|ri|tr=[[ᨑᨗ]]}}.

====Particle====
{{head|kaw|particle}}

# {{n-g|prepositional particle}}

=====Alternative forms=====
* {{l|kaw|i}}

=====Derived terms=====
{{der4|kaw|
| iṅ
| riṅ
}}

=====Descendants=====
* {{desc|jv|ꦫꦶ}}

==Portuguese==

===Pronunciation===
{{pt-IPA}}
* {{rhymes|pt|i|s=1}}

===Verb===
{{head|pt|verb form}}

# {{pt-verb form of|rir}}

==Scottish Gaelic==

===Etymology===
{{dercat|gd|cel-pro|ine-pro}}
From {{inh|gd|mga|fri||towards, against}}, from {{inh|gd|sga|fri}}. Cognates include {{cog|ga|fré}} and {{cog|gv|rish}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|gd|/ɾʲi/}}
* {{IPA|gd|[ði]|a=Lewis}}

===Preposition===
{{gd-prep|dat|-|def=ris}}

# [[to]], [[against]], [[with]]
#: {{uxi|gd|'''ris''' a' [[gaoth|ghaoith]]|against the wind}}
# [[up]]
#: {{uxi|gd|chaidh iad '''ris''' an [[leathad]]|they went up the hillside}}
# [[as]] (''with {{l|gd|cho}}'')
#: {{uxi|gd|Tha Seòras cho [[righinn]] '''ri''' [[ròn]].|George is as tough '''as''' nails.|lit=George is as tough as a seal.}}
# {{n-g|Used with a noun or verbal noun to express [[up to]] or [[involve|involved in]]}}
#: {{uxi|gd|Bha a' [[clann|chlann]] sin '''ri''' mì-mhodh.|t=Those children were up to no good.}}
#: {{uxi|gd|Bha i an urra '''ris''' an losgadh anns a' Chròthais beagan bhliadhnachan an dèidh cogadh Iugoslabhach.|t=She was responsible for the shooting in Croatia a few years after the Yugoslav War.}}

====Usage notes====
* In the [[w:Lewis|Lewis]] dialect, ''ri'' is used instead of {{m|gd|ag}} or {{m|gd|a'}} before a verbal noun to form [[present participle]]s:
*: {{uxi|gd|tha mi '''ri''' seinn|I am singing}} (As opposed to ''tha mi '''a'''' seinn'', which has the same meaning.)
* Followed by a [[prepositional pronoun]] takes a [[passive voice]] meaning:
*: {{uxi|gd|Tha na h-eòin tarraingeach '''rin''' amharc.|The birds are attractive to watch.|lit=The birds are attractive to their watching.}}

====Inflection====
{{gd-prep-infl|root=ri|1sg=rium|2sg=riut|3sgm=ris|3sgmem=ris-san|3sgf=rithe|1pl=rinn|2pl=ribh|3pl=riutha}}

====Derived terms====
{{der3|gd|cho math ri sin
|còmhla ri
|cuide ri
|ri taobh
|ris an t-sruth}}

==Sumerian==

===Romanization===
{{sux-rom}}

# {{romanization of|sux|𒊑|tr=ri}}

==Tocharian A==

===Etymology===
From {{bor|xto|och|里}}. Cognate with {{cog|txb|rīye}}.<ref>{{quote-book|1=en|year=2003|editors=Bauer, Brigitte L.M.; Pinault, Georges-Jean|last1=Lubotsky|first1=Alexander|last2=Starostin|first2=Sergey|title=Language in Time and Space: A Festschrift for Werner Winter on the Occasion of his 80th Birthday|chapter=Turkic and Chinese loan words in Tocharian|chapterurl=https://www.academia.edu/428988|pages=257-269}}</ref>

===Noun===
{{head|xto|noun}}

# [[city]]

===References===
<references/>

==Tunica==

===Noun===
{{head|tun|noun}}

# [[house]], [[home]], [[dwelling]]
# [[building]]
# [[nest]], [[room]]

==Vietnamese==

===Pronunciation===
{{vi-IPA}}

===Etymology 1===
{{rfe|vi}}

====Adjective====
{{vi-adj|𱓜}}

# {{lb|vi|now chiefly in compounds|of stature}} [[small]]; [[miniature]]

====See also====
{{vi-der|ròm ri|gà ri|rắn ri}}

===Etymology 2===
Part of the ''r''-series of demonstratives, along with {{m|vi|rày}}, {{m|vi|rứa}}, {{m|vi|ru}}, {{m|vi|sao}}.

====Adverb====
{{vi-adv|[[夷]], [[𱓜]]}}

# {{lb|vi|central Vietnam}} [[like]] [[this]]
#: {{ux|vi|Ao [[ni]] [[su]] '''ri'''.|This pond is so deep.}}

=====See also=====
{{vi-demonstratives}}

==Welsh==

===Noun===
{{head|cy|mutated noun}}

# {{soft mutation of|cy|rhi}}

===Mutation===
{{cy-mut|rhi}}

==Yoruba==

===Etymology 1===

====Pronunciation====
{{IPA|yo|/ɾí/}}

====Noun====
{{yo-pos|noun|rí}}

# {{Latn-def|yo|name|R|r}}

====See also====
* {{list:Latin script letter names/yo}}

===Etymology 2===
Proposed to derive from {{inh|yo|alv-yrd-pro|*lí}}, cognate with {{cog|igl|lí}}

====Pronunciation====
{{IPA|yo|/ɾí/}}

====Verb====
{{yo-pos|verb|rí}}

# {{lb|yo|transitive}} to [[see]]
# {{lb|yo|intransitive}} to [[look like]]

=====Synonyms=====
{{dialect synonyms|yo|rí}}

=====Derived terms=====
* {{l|yo|ríran}}

===Etymology 3===

====Pronunciation====
* {{sense|low-tone}} {{IPA|yo|/ɾì/}}
* {{sense|mid-tone}} {{IPA|yo|/ɾī/}}

====Verb====
{{yo-pos|verb|rì}}

# {{lb|yo|intransitive}} to [[sink]], to [[drown]]
# {{lb|yo|transitive}} to [[sink]]

====Verb====
{{yo-pos|verb|ri}}

# {{alternative form of|yo|rì|t=to sink}} ''used before object nouns''

==Zazaki==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|zza|[ˈɾi]}}
* {{hyphenation|zza|ri}}

===Noun===
{{zza-noun|m}}

# [[face]]