Kind

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See also: kind and -kind

Bavarian

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Etymology

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From Middle High German kint, from Old High German kind, from Proto-West Germanic *kind. Cognates include German Kind and Luxembourgish Kand.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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Kind n (plural Kinder)

  1. (Vienna) child
    • 1938, Josef Weinheber, Wien wörtlich, Impression im März:
      Wårme Sunn, dås erste Pråterveigerl:
      Ållweil wieder gfreust di wiara Kind.
      Warm sun, the first violet:
      You always rejoice like a child again.
    • 2015, “Wien wort auf di”, performed by Granada:
      Kumm ober, du eifrig's Kind.
      Come on, you eager child.

References

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  • Maria Hornung, Sigmar Grüner (2002) “Khind”, in Wörterbuch der Wiener Mundart, 2nd edition, ÖBV & HPT
  • Petr Šubrt (2010) Wiener dialekt (master thesis), Masaryk University, page 48

German

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Kinder

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Middle High German kint, from Old High German kind, from Proto-West Germanic *kind, from Proto-Germanic *kindą, *kinþą, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to give birth”).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /kɪnt/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɪnt

Noun

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Kind n (strong, genitive Kindes or Kinds, plural Kinder, diminutive Kindchen n or Kindlein n or Kindelein n)

  1. kid; child (young person)
    • 1961 [1857], Karl Marx, “Einleitung”, in Zur Kritik der politischen Ökonomie (Marx-Engels-Werke), volume 13, pages 641-642; translated as “Introduction”, in Ernst Wangermann, transl., A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy (Marx/Engels Collected Works), volume 28 (in English), 1986, pages 47-48:
      Ein Mann kann nicht wieder zum Kinde werden oder er wird kindisch. Aber freut ihn die Naivetät des Kindes nicht, und muß er nicht selbst wieder auf einer höhren Stufe streben, seine [des Kindes] Wahrheit zu reproduzieren?
      An adult cannot become a child again, or he becomes childish. But does not the naïveté of the child give him pleasure, and must he not himself endeavour to reproduce the child’s veracity on a higher level?
  2. child; offspring (person with regard to his or her parents; also a baby animal or young animal, especially as the second component in numerous compound nouns)
    Hyponym: Kleinkind
    Er war das zweitgeborene Kind in der Familie. ― He was the second-born child in the family.
    Er ist das Kind zweier blinder Eltern. ― He is the child of two blind parents.

Usage notes

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  • The normal plural is Kinder. The double plural Kinders (also Kinners) is colloquial and chiefly restricted to Low German areas (northern Germany). It is most often heard as a vocative, either referring to an actual group of children or figuratively: Kinders, wie die Zeit vergeht! − “Boy, how time flies!”
  • Dialectal diminutives include Kindel, Kindele, Kindl, Kindle and Kindli.
  • In German law Kind is usually defined as a person under 14 years of age,[1] while in non-German law Kind can mean a person under 18 years of age.[2] See also Jugendlicher (person under 18 years but at least 14 years old) and Minderjähriger (person under 18 years of age).

Declension

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Declension of Kind [neuter, strong]
singular plural
indef. def. noun def. noun
nominative ein das Kind die Kinder
genitive eines des Kindes, Kinds der Kinder
dative einem dem Kind, Kinde1 den Kindern
accusative ein das Kind die Kinder

1Now rare, see notes.

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ Gesetz über die Verbreitung jugendgefährdender Schriften und Medieninhalte (GjS or GjSM) from 1985 (with changes from 1994 and 1997), §.1(4); Jugendschutzgesetz (JuSchG) from 2002 (with changes from 2013), §.1(1)
  2. ^ Übereinkommen über die Rechte des Kindes (VN-Kinderrechtskonvention or UN-Kinderrechtskonvention), Art.1

Further reading

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German Low German

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Etymology

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From Middle Low German kint, from Old Saxon kind, from Proto-West Germanic *kind, from Proto-Germanic *kindą, *kinþą, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to give birth”).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /kɪnt/, [kʰɪ̃ˑntʰ], [kɪ̃ːnt]

Noun

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Kind n (plural Kinner or Kinder)

  1. (human) child
  2. offspring (person, with regard to position in a family)

Antonyms

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Derived terms

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Noun

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Kind n (plural Kinga or Kinger)

  1. (Low Prussian) (human) child
  2. (Low Prussian) offspring (person, with regard to position in a family)

Derived terms

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Noun

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Kind n (dative Kinne, plural Kinner, vocative Kinners)

  1. (Paderbornisch) (human) child
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Hunsrik

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Etymology

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From Middle High German kind, from Old High German kind, from Proto-West Germanic *kind, from Proto-Germanic *kindą, *kinþą, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to give birth”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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Kind n (plural Kinner)

  1. kid; child
    Die Kinner kenne net schlofe. ― The children can't sleep.
    Die Kinner gehn in die Schul. ― The kids go to the school.
    Sie baad eere Kind. ― She bathes her child.

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Pennsylvania German

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Etymology

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From Middle High German kint, from Old High German kind, from Proto-West Germanic *kind (“child”). Cognate with Dutch kind, Latin gēns and genus.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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Kind n (plural Kinner)

  1. child, kid
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