Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/verteno

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wertenán, from Proto-Indo-European *wertenóm, equivalent to Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“to turn, to rotate”) + *-eno. Cognate with Sanskrit वर्तन (vártana, “rotation, rolling, spindle”).

Noun

*vertenò n^[1]^[2]^[3]

spindle
Synonym: *prędeno

Declension

Declension of *vērtenò (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*vērtenò	*vertèně	*vērtenà
genitive	*vērtenà	*vērtenù	*vertènъ
dative	*vērtenù	*vērtenòma	*vērtenòmъ
accusative	*vērtenò	*vertèně	*vērtenà
instrumental	vērtenъ̀mь, vērtenòmь^*	*vērtenòma	*vertèny
locative	*vērteně̀	*vērtenù	*vertèněxъ
vocative	*vērtenò	*vertèně	*vērtenà

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: веретено (vereteno)
  - Old Ruthenian: веретено (vereteno)
    - Belarusian: верацяно́ (vjeracjanó)
    - Carpathian Rusyn: верете́но (vereténo)
    - Ukrainian: верете́но (vereténo)
  - Russian: веретено́ (veretenó)
  - → Finnic:
    - Estonian: värten
    - Finnish: värttinä
    - Ingrian: värttänä
    - Livvi: värtin
    - Ludian: värtin
    - Veps: värtin
    - Votic: värttene
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: врѣтено (vrěteno)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⰲⱃⱑⱅⰵⱀⱁ (vrěteno)
- Bulgarian: врете́но (vreténo); (dialectal) връте́но (vrǎténo)
- Macedonian: вретено (vreteno)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: вретѐно
  
  Latin script: vretèno
- Slovene: vreténo (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: vřěteno
  - Czech: vřeteno
    - Bohemian (Chod dialect): břeteno
    - Moravian (Mistřice): břeteno
- Old Polish: wrzeciono
  - Polish: wrzeciono, wrzecieno
  - Silesian: wrzeciōno
- Polabian: vritenĕ
- Pomeranian:
  - Kashubian: wrzecono
- Slovak: vreteno
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: wrjeśeno
  - Upper Sorbian: wrjećeno

References

^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*vertenò”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 516
^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “verteno”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (SA 150; PR 135)”
^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “vreteno”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *vertenȍ”

[1] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*vertenò”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 516

[2] Olander, Thomas (2001) “verteno”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (SA 150; PR 135)”

[3] Snoj, Marko (2016) “vreteno”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *vertenȍ”

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