mārum

Akkadian

Etymology

Compare Arabic الْمَرْء (al-marʔ, “the man”).

Pronunciation

• (Old Babylonian) IPA^(key): /ˈmaː.rum/

Noun

mārum m (construct state mār or māri, plural mārū, feminine mārtum) (from Old Akkadian on)

1. son

   Synonym: 𒁉𒉏 (bīnum)

   • 1755–1750 BCE, King Hammurabi of Babylon, translated by OMNIKA Foundation, Hammurabi Code‎^[1], The Louvre, Law 14:

     𒋳𒈠 𒀀𒉿𒈝 𒌉 𒀀𒉿𒅆 𒍢𒄴𒊏𒄠 𒅖𒋫𒊑𒅅 𒀉𒁕𒀝

     [šumma awīlum mār awīlim ṣeḫram ištariq iddâk]

     šum-ma a-wi-lum DUMU a-wi-lim ṣe-eḫ-ra-am iš-ta-ri-iq id-da-ak

     If a free man has kidnapped the young son of a free man, he will be executed.

   • 1755–1750 BCE, King Hammurabi of Babylon, translated by OMNIKA Foundation, Hammurabi Code‎^[2], The Louvre, Law 195:

     𒋳𒈠 𒌉 𒀀𒁀𒋗 𒉎𒋫𒄩𒊍 𒈩𒇲𒋗 𒄿𒈾𒀝𒆠𒋢

     [šumma mārum abāšu imtaḫaṣ rittašu inakkisū]

     šum-ma DUMU A.BA-šu im-ta-ḫa-aṣ KIŠIB.LA₂-šu i-na-ak-ki-su

     If a son has struck his father, his hand will be cut off.

Alternative forms

• māru (non-mimated)
• mer'u (Old Assyrian)
• mar'um, mar'u (Assyrian)
• mēru (Standard Babylonian)

Cuneiform spellings

Logograms	Phonetic
𒌉 (DUMU) 𒀀 (A) (later)	𒈠𒀸 (ma-rum) 𒈠𒀀𒊒 (ma-a-ru) 𒈠𒊒 (ma-ru) 𒈠𒊒𒌑 (ma-ru-u₂) (plural) 𒈨𒅕𒌑 (me-er-u₂) (plural)

Derived terms

• mārtum
• mārūtum

 

Related terms

• mār bīt ṭuppim
• mār damqi
• mār mārim
• mār ēkallim
• mār šiprim

 

References

• “māru 1a”, in The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD)‎^[3], Chicago: University of Chicago Oriental Institute, 1956–2011
• Black, Jeremy, George, Andrew, Postgate, Nicholas (2000) “māru(m)”, in A Concise Dictionary of Akkadian, 2nd corrected edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag