absolver

English

Etymology

From absolve +‎ -er.

Pronunciation

• (US) IPA^(key): /æbˈzɑl.vɚ/, /əbˈzɑl.vɚ/

  • Audio (Southern England):

    (file)

Noun

absolver (plural absolvers)

1. Agent noun of absolve; one who absolves. [First attested in the late 16^th century.]
   • c. 1591–1595 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Romeo and Ivliet”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iii]:

     […] how hast thou the heart,
     Being a divine, a ghostly confessor,
     A sin-absolver, and my friend profess’d,
     To mangle me with that word ‘banished’?

   • 1684, Richard Baxter, Whether Parish Congregations Be True Christian Churches‎^[1], London: Thomas Parkhurst, page 2:

     […] few men dislike the Lay-Excommunicators and Absolvers more than I do […]

Translations

one who absolves

• Dutch: vergiffenis schenker m
• Portuguese: absolvedor m

Aragonese

Etymology

From Latin absolvō.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /absolˈbe(ɾ)/
• Rhymes: -e(ɾ)
• Syllabification: ab‧sol‧ver

Verb

absolver

1. (transitive) to absolve

Galician

Verb

absolver (first-person singular present absolvo, first-person singular preterite absolvín, past participle absolvido, short past participle absolto)

1. (transitive) to absolve
2. (transitive) to acquit

   Synonym: exculpar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of absolver (irregular short past participle)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	absolver
Personal	absolver	absolveres	absolver	absolvermos	absolverdes	absolveren
Gerund
	absolvendo
Short past participle
Masculine	absolto1			absoltos1
Feminine	absolta1			absoltas1
Long past participle
Masculine	absolvido2			absolvidos2
Feminine	absolvida2			absolvidas2
Indicative
Present	absolvo	absolves	absolve	absolvemos	absolvedes	absolven
Imperfect	absolvía	absolvías	absolvía	absolviamos	absolviades	absolvían
Preterite	absolvín	absolviches	absolveu	absolvemos	absolvestes	absolveron
Pluperfect	absolvera	absolveras	absolvera	absolveramos	absolverades	absolveran
Future	absolverei	absolverás	absolverá	absolveremos	absolveredes	absolverán
Conditional	absolvería	absolverías	absolvería	absolveriamos	absolveriades	absolverían
Subjunctive
Present	absolva	absolvas	absolva	absolvamos	absolvades	absolvan
Imperfect	absolvese	absolveses	absolvese	absolvésemos	absolvésedes	absolvesen
Future	absolver	absolveres	absolver	absolvermos	absolverdes	absolveren
Imperative
Affirmative		absolve	absolva	absolvamos	absolvede	absolvan
Negative (non)		non absolvas	non absolva	non absolvamos	non absolvades	non absolvan

¹Usually used with auxiliary verbs ser and estar.
²Usually used with auxiliary verbs haber and ter.

    Reintegrated conjugation of absolver (irregular short past participle) (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	absolver
Personal	absolver	absolveres	absolver	absolvermos	absolverdes	absolverem
Gerund
	absolvendo
Short past participle
Masculine	absolto1			absoltos1
Feminine	absolta1			absoltas1
Long past participle
Masculine	absolvido2			absolvidos2
Feminine	absolvida2			absolvidas2
Indicative
Present	absolvo	absolves	absolve	absolvemos	absolvedes, absolveis	absolvem
Imperfect	absolvia	absolvias	absolvia	absolvíamos	absolvíades, absolvíeis, absolvíais3	absolviam
Preterite	absolvim, absolvi	absolveste, absolveche3	absolveu	absolvemos	absolvestes	absolvêrom, absolveram
Pluperfect	absolvera	absolveras	absolvera	absolvêramos	absolvêrades, absolvêreis, absolvêrais3	absolveram
Future	absolverei	absolverás	absolverá	absolveremos	absolveredes, absolvereis	absolverám, absolverão
Conditional	absolveria	absolverias	absolveria	absolveríamos	absolveríades, absolveríeis, absolveríais3	absolveriam
Subjunctive
Present	absolva	absolvas	absolva	absolvamos	absolvades, absolvais	absolvam
Imperfect	absolvesse	absolvesses	absolvesse	absolvêssemos	absolvêssedes, absolvêsseis	absolvessem
Future	absolver	absolveres	absolver	absolvermos	absolverdes	absolverem
Imperative
Affirmative		absolve	absolva	absolvamos	absolvede, absolvei	absolvam
Negative (nom)		nom absolvas	nom absolva	nom absolvamos	nom absolvades, nom absolvais	nom absolvam

¹Usually used with auxiliary verbs ser and estar.
²Usually used with auxiliary verbs haver and ter.
³Less recommended.

Related terms

• absolución

Further reading

• “absolver”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024
• “absolver” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).

Norwegian Bokmål

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /absɔlˈʋeːr/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -eːr
• Hyphenation: ab‧sol‧ver

Verb

absolver

1. imperative of absolvere

Portuguese

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin absolvere.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /a.bi.sowˈve(ʁ)/ [a.bi.soʊ̯ˈve(h)], /ab.sowˈve(ʁ)/ [ab.soʊ̯ˈve(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /a.bi.sowˈve(ʁ)/ [a.bi.soʊ̯ˈve(h)], /ab.sowˈve(ʁ)/ [ab.soʊ̯ˈve(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /a.bi.sowˈve(ɾ)/ [a.bi.soʊ̯ˈve(ɾ)], /ab.sowˈve(ɾ)/ [ab.soʊ̯ˈve(ɾ)]
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /a.bi.sowˈve(ʁ)/ [a.bi.soʊ̯ˈve(χ)], /ab.sowˈve(ʁ)/ [ab.soʊ̯ˈve(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ab.sowˈve(ɻ)/ [ab.soʊ̯ˈve(ɻ)], /a.bi.sowˈve(ɻ)/ [a.bi.soʊ̯ˈve(ɻ)]

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐ.bsolˈveɾ/ [ɐ.βsoɫˈveɾ], /ɐ.bsɔlˈveɾ/ [ɐ.βsɔɫˈveɾ]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐ.bsolˈveɾ/ [ɐ.βsoɫˈveɾ], /ɐ.bsɔlˈveɾ/ [ɐ.βsɔɫˈveɾ]
  • (Northern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐ.bsolˈbeɾ/ [ɐ.βsoɫˈβeɾ], /ɐ.bsɔlˈbeɾ/ [ɐ.βsɔɫˈβeɾ]
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐ.bsolˈve.ɾi/ [ɐ.βsoɫˈve.ɾi], /ɐ.bsɔlˈve.ɾi/ [ɐ.βsɔɫˈve.ɾi]

Verb

absolver (first-person singular present absolvo, first-person singular preterite absolvi, past participle absolvido)

1. to absolve
2. (law) to acquit
3. to forgive

Conjugation

    Conjugation of absolver (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	absolver
Personal	absolver	absolveres	absolver	absolvermos	absolverdes	absolverem
Gerund
	absolvendo
Past participle
Masculine	absolvido			absolvidos
Feminine	absolvida			absolvidas
Indicative
Present	absolvo	absolves	absolve	absolvemos	absolveis	absolvem
Imperfect	absolvia	absolvias	absolvia	absolvíamos	absolvíeis	absolviam
Preterite	absolvi	absolveste	absolveu	absolvemos	absolvestes	absolveram
Pluperfect	absolvera	absolveras	absolvera	absolvêramos	absolvêreis	absolveram
Future	absolverei	absolverás	absolverá	absolveremos	absolvereis	absolverão
Conditional	absolveria	absolverias	absolveria	absolveríamos	absolveríeis	absolveriam
Subjunctive
Present	absolva	absolvas	absolva	absolvamos	absolvais	absolvam
Imperfect	absolvesse	absolvesses	absolvesse	absolvêssemos	absolvêsseis	absolvessem
Future	absolver	absolveres	absolver	absolvermos	absolverdes	absolverem
Imperative
Affirmative		absolve	absolva	absolvamos	absolvei	absolvam
Negative (não)		não absolvas	não absolva	não absolvamos	não absolvais	não absolvam

Related terms

• absolução
• absolutório

Further reading

• “absolver”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2024

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin absolvere and adapted to the conjugations of the native solver.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /absolˈbeɾ/ [aβ̞.solˈβ̞eɾ]

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -eɾ
• Syllabification: ab‧sol‧ver

Verb

absolver (first-person singular present absuelvo, first-person singular preterite absolví, past participle absuelto)

1. (transitive) to absolve
2. (transitive) to acquit

Conjugation

    Conjugation of absolver (irregular; o-ue alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			absolver
gerund			absolviendo
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		absuelto		absuelta
		plural		absueltos		absueltas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	absuelvo	absuelvestú absolvésvos	absuelve	absolvemos	absolvéis	absuelven
	imperfect	absolvía	absolvías	absolvía	absolvíamos	absolvíais	absolvían
	preterite	absolví	absolviste	absolvió	absolvimos	absolvisteis	absolvieron
	future	absolveré	absolverás	absolverá	absolveremos	absolveréis	absolverán
	conditional	absolvería	absolverías	absolvería	absolveríamos	absolveríais	absolverían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	absuelva	absuelvastú absolvásvos2	absuelva	absolvamos	absolváis	absuelvan
	imperfect (ra)	absolviera	absolvieras	absolviera	absolviéramos	absolvierais	absolvieran
	imperfect (se)	absolviese	absolvieses	absolviese	absolviésemos	absolvieseis	absolviesen
	future1	absolviere	absolvieres	absolviere	absolviéremos	absolviereis	absolvieren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		absuelvetú absolvévos	absuelva	absolvamos	absolved	absuelvan
	negative		no absuelvas	no absuelva	no absolvamos	no absolváis	no absuelvan

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

Related terms

• absolución
• absoluto
• absolutorio

 

Further reading

• “absolver”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28