angel

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "angel"

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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 angel on Wikipedia
Angels depicted in the Florence Baptistery, 13th century
Two Baroque angels from southern Germany, from the mid-18th century

From Middle English angel, aungel, ængel, engel, from Old English anġel, ænġel, enġel, enċġel (“angel, messenger”), from Proto-West Germanic *angil, borrowed from Latin angelus, itself from Ancient Greek ἄγγελος (ángelos, “messenger”); and also in part from Anglo-Norman angele, angle, from the same Latin source. The religious sense of the Greek word first appeared in the Septuagint as a translation of the Hebrew word מַלְאָךְ (malʾāḵ, “messenger”) or יהוה מַלְאָךְ (malʾāḵ YHWH, “messenger of YHWH”).

Use of the term in some churches to refer to a church official derives from interpreting the "angels" of the Seven churches of Asia in Revelation as being bishops or ministers rather than angelic beings.

Alternative forms

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Noun

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angel (plural angels)

  1. An incorporeal and sometimes divine messenger from a deity, or other divine entity, often depicted in art as a youthful winged figure in flowing robes.
    • 1641, Ben Jonson, The Sad Shepherd:
      The dear good angel of the Spring, / The nightingale.
    • 1982, Douglas Adams, Life, the Universe and Everything, page 50:
      There seemed to be girls sitting on top of them, or maybe they were meant to be angels. Angels are usually represented as wearing more than that, though.
  2. (Abrahamic tradition) One of the lowest order of such beings, below virtues.
  3. A person having the qualities attributed to angels, such as purity or selflessness.
    Thanks for making me breakfast in bed, you little angel.
    • 2014 August 25, John Eligon, “Michael Brown Spent Last Weeks Grappling With Problems and Promise”, in The New York Times‎[2], →ISSN:
      Michael Brown, 18, due to be buried on Monday, was no angel, with public records and interviews with friends and family revealing both problems and promise in his young life.
  4. (obsolete) Attendant spirit; genius; demon.
  5. (possibly obsolete) An official (a bishop, or sometimes a minister) who heads a Christian church, especially a Catholic Apostolic Church.
    • 1817, Thomas Stackhouse, A history of the holy Bible, corrected and improved by G. Gleig, page 504:
      An apostle, or angel, or bishop, as he is now called, resided with a college of presbyters about him, in every considerable city of the Roman empire; to that angel or bishop, was committed the pastoral care of all the Christian in the city and its suburbs, extending as far on all sides as the jurisdiction of the civil magistrate extended;
    • 1832, Edward Irving, speech before the Presbytery of London, quoted in 1862, Margaret Oliphant, The Life of Edward Irving, Minister of the National Scotch Church, London: Illustrated by His Journals and Correspondence, page 429
      […] the head of that Church, in whose place I stand in my Church, and in whose place no other standeth (the elders and deacons have their place, but this belongeth to the angel or minister of the Church), and the Lord commendeth him for trying […]
    • 1878, Edward Miller, The History and Doctrines of Irvingism Or of the So-called Catholic and Apostolic Church, § 9 Pastors, page 50 (discussing the structure of the early Christian church and of the Catholic Apostolic Church):
      The second or highest grade consists of the Angels or Bishops of Churches. Each Church has its Angel, who has (1) the higher supervision and care of all the flock, (2) the supervision and care of the Priests under him, and (3) the care of the Church itself.
  6. (historical) An English gold coin, bearing the figure of the archangel Michael, circulated between the 15th and 17th centuries, and varying in value from six shillings and eightpence to ten shillings.
    Synonym: angel-noble
  7. (military slang, originally Royal Air Force) An altitude, measured in thousands of feet.
    Climb to angels sixty. ― ascend to 60,000 feet
  8. (colloquial, dated) An unidentified flying object detected by air traffic control radar.
  9. someone that funds
    1. (finance) An angel investor.
      • 2011, OECD, Financing High-Growth Firms: The Role of Angel Investors:
        “Latent” angels are defined as those who have not invested capital in the past 12 months, although they likely have invested knowledge in the process of reviewing potential investments.
    2. (theater) The person who funds a show. (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:)
      Synonym: backer
Synonyms
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Hyponyms
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Derived terms
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Terms etymologically related to angel
Descendants
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  • Jamaican Creole: ienjel
  • → Chinese: 安琪兒／安琪儿 (ānqí'ér)
  • → Hawaiian: ʻānela
  • → Lingala: anjelu, anzelu
  • → Malagasy: anjely
Translations
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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Verb

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angel (third-person singular simple present angels, present participle angeling or angelling, simple past and past participle angeled or angelled)

  1. (transitive, theater, slang) To support by donating money.
    • 1944, Maurice Zolotow, Never Whistle in a Dressing Room; Or, Breakfast in Bedlam, page 59:
      Six years ago, he lost $20,000 in the first show he angelled, a turkey called Dance Night.
    • 1984, “American Magazine”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name)‎[3], volume 118, page 88:
      You've got to come to Chicago to meet Duell, and see Wilson, who's going to angel the show.

References

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  1. ^ Bingham, Caleb (1808) “Improprieties in Pronunciation, common among the people of New-England”, in The Child's Companion; Being a Conciſe Spelling-book […] ‎[1], 12th edition, Boston: Manning & Loring, →OCLC, page 74.

Etymology 2

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Clipping of Angelman

Noun

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angel (plural angels)

  1. (informal) A person who has Angelman syndrome.

See also

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Anagrams

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Chibcha

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Spanish angel.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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angel

  1. angel

References

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  • Gómez Aldana D. F., Análisis morfológico del Vocabulario 158 de la Biblioteca Nacional de Colombia. Grupo de Investigación Muysccubun. 2013.

Dutch

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Etymology

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From Middle Dutch angel, from Old Dutch *angul, from Proto-Germanic *angulaz.

Cognate with German Angel.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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angel m (plural angels, diminutive angeltje n)

  1. sting, dart (insect's organ)
  2. hook, fish-hook, angle
  3. tang (extension of a tool or weapon's head that is inserted in a handle)
  4. (rare, obsolete) a snake's tongue

Derived terms

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Descendants

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See also

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Anagrams

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German

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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angel

  1. singular imperative of angeln

Indonesian

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Etymology 1

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From Javanese ꦲꦔꦺꦭ꧀ (angèl).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈaŋɛl]
  • Hyphenation: angèl

Adjective

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angèl

  1. (colloquial) difficult.
    Synonyms: sukar, sulit

Etymology 2

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From Riau Malay [Term?].

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈaŋel]
  • Hyphenation: angél

Adjective

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angél

  1. lonely

Further reading

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Javanese

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Romanization

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angel

  1. Romanization of ꦲꦔꦺꦭ꧀

Karao

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Noun

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angel

  1. (anatomy) body

Middle English

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Noun

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angel

  1. Alternative form of aungel

Norwegian Nynorsk

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Noun

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angel m (definite singular angelen, indefinite plural anglar, definite plural anglane)

  1. Alternative form of ongel

Old English

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈɑn.ɡel/, [ˈɑŋ.ɡel]

Noun

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angel m

  1. Alternative form of angol
Declension
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Declension of angel (strong a-stem)
Case Singular Plural
nominative angel anglas
accusative angel anglas
genitive angles angla
dative angle anglum

Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈɑn.jel/, [ˈɑn.d͡ʒel]

Noun

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anġel m

  1. Alternative form of enġel (“angel”)
Declension
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Declension of anġel (strong a-stem)
Case Singular Plural
nominative anġel anglas
accusative anġel anglas
genitive angles angla
dative angle anglum

Old Frisian

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Alternative forms

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Noun

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angel m

  1. angel

Inflection

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Declension of angel (masculine a-stem)
singular plural
nominative angel angelar, angela
genitive angeles angela
dative angele angelum, angelem
accusative angel angelar, angela

Descendants

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Old Spanish

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Etymology

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From Latin angelus (“angel”), from Ancient Greek ἄγγελος (ángelos, “messenger, angel”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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angel m (plural angeles)

  1. angel
    • c. 1200, Almerich, Fazienda de Ultramar, f. 2v:
      eſtos angeles cõ q fablo abraã. vinieron a ſodoma e loth ſedia ala puerta dela cibdat. e violos e leuãtos cõtra ellõ. e omillos troa la tierra. e dixo les priego uos mios ſẽnores. Q̃ uẽgades acaſa de ur̃o ſieruo albergar.
      These angels to whom Abraham spoke came to Sodom, and Lot was at the city's gate. And he saw them and he got up to greet them and groveled with his face to the ground. And he said, “I beg you, my lords, come spend the night at your servant's house.”
    • Idem, f. 4v.
      […] veno el angel del cr̃ador de noch ⁊ dixo alabã. Gvardate de aquel om̃e nol fagas mal.
      […] And the angel of the Creator came to Laban at night and said unto him, “Beware that man and do him no harm.”
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Descendants

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Serbo-Croatian

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Noun

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angel m (Cyrillic spelling ангел)

  1. (Kajkavian) angel
  2. Obsolete form of anđel.

Slovene

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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ángel m anim

  1. angel

Inflection

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 The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.
Masculine anim., hard o-stem
nom. sing. ángel
gen. sing. ángela
singular dual plural
nominative
(imenovȃlnik) 		ángel ángela ángeli
genitive
(rodȋlnik) 		ángela ángelov ángelov
dative
(dajȃlnik) 		ángelu ángeloma ángelom
accusative
(tožȋlnik) 		ángela ángela ángele
locative
(mẹ̑stnik) 		ángelu ángelih ángelih
instrumental
(orọ̑dnik) 		ángelom ángeloma ángeli

Further reading

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  • “angel”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2024

Swedish

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angel(krok) (pike hook) in third row from the bottom

Noun

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angel c

  1. a pike hook
    Synonym: angelkrok

Declension

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Declension of angel
nominative genitive
singular indefinite angel angels
definite angeln angelns
plural indefinite anglar anglars
definite anglarna anglarnas

Derived terms

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References

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Welsh

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Etymology

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From Middle Welsh angel, from Proto-Brythonic *angel, a borrowing from Latin angelus, from Ancient Greek ἄγγελος m (ángelos, “messenger; one that announces”). Cognate with Cornish el, Breton ael.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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angel m (plural angylion or engyl)

  1. (religion) angel

Derived terms

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Mutation

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Mutated forms of angel
radical soft nasal h-prothesis
angel unchanged unchanged hangel

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

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R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “angel”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

West Frisian

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Etymology

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From Old Frisian *angel, from Proto-Germanic *angulaz, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂enk-.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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angel c (plural angels, diminutive angeltsje)

  1. sting, stinger (insect's organ)
  2. fishing rod

Further reading

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  • “angel (I)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011
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