From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Inherited from Latin cēpa.
ceba f (plural cebes)
- onion
- bulb
- obsession, mania
Unknown.
- IPA(key): [ˈθeβa̝], (western) [ˈseβa̝]
ceba m (plural cebas)
- seagrass (especially Zostera marina and Ruppia maritima)
Deverbal from cebar (“to fatten”).
- IPA(key): [ˈθeβa̝], (western) [ˈseβa̝]
ceba m (plural cebas)
- fattening (of livestock)
ceba
- inflection of cebar:
- third-person singular present indicative
- second-person singular imperative
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “ceba”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “xebra”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “ceba”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “ceba”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
Inherited from Latin cēpa.
ceba f (plural cebas)
- onion
- Synonym: onhon
- IPA(key): (Spain) /ˈθeba/ [ˈθe.β̞a]
- IPA(key): (Latin America, Philippines) /ˈseba/ [ˈse.β̞a]
- Rhymes: -eba
- Syllabification: ce‧ba
ceba
- inflection of cebar:
- third-person singular present indicative
- second-person singular imperative
-ceba
- to be rich
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
From a Khoe language. Compare Khoekhoe ǀawe (“plan, scheme”).
-cêba
- (transitive) to plan
- Synonym: -cwangcisa
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
From a Khoe language. Compare Khoekhoe ǀawe (“devise, plan, scheme”).
-céba
- (transitive) to tell on, to inform against
- (transitive) to devise, to contrive, to invent
Tone H
|
Infinitive
|
ukuceba
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukuceba
|
ukungacebi
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
Singular
|
ceba
|
-cebe
|
Plural
|
cebani
|
-cebeni
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyaceba, ngiceba
|
engicebayo, engiceba
|
ngiceba
|
angicebi
|
engingacebi
|
ngingacebi
|
2nd singular
|
uyaceba, uceba
|
ocebayo, oceba
|
uceba
|
awucebi
|
ongacebi
|
ungacebi
|
1st plural
|
siyaceba, siceba
|
esicebayo, esiceba
|
siceba
|
asicebi
|
esingacebi
|
singacebi
|
2nd plural
|
niyaceba, niceba
|
enicebayo, eniceba
|
niceba
|
anicebi
|
eningacebi
|
ningacebi
|
Class 1
|
uyaceba, uceba
|
ocebayo, oceba
|
eceba
|
akacebi
|
ongacebi
|
engacebi
|
Class 2
|
bayaceba, baceba
|
abacebayo, abaceba
|
beceba
|
abacebi
|
abangacebi
|
bengacebi
|
Class 3
|
uyaceba, uceba
|
ocebayo, oceba
|
uceba
|
awucebi
|
ongacebi
|
ungacebi
|
Class 4
|
iyaceba, iceba
|
ecebayo, eceba
|
iceba
|
ayicebi
|
engacebi
|
ingacebi
|
Class 5
|
liyaceba, liceba
|
elicebayo, eliceba
|
liceba
|
alicebi
|
elingacebi
|
lingacebi
|
Class 6
|
ayaceba, aceba
|
acebayo, aceba
|
eceba
|
awacebi
|
angacebi
|
engacebi
|
Class 7
|
siyaceba, siceba
|
esicebayo, esiceba
|
siceba
|
asicebi
|
esingacebi
|
singacebi
|
Class 8
|
ziyaceba, ziceba
|
ezicebayo, eziceba
|
ziceba
|
azicebi
|
ezingacebi
|
zingacebi
|
Class 9
|
iyaceba, iceba
|
ecebayo, eceba
|
iceba
|
ayicebi
|
engacebi
|
ingacebi
|
Class 10
|
ziyaceba, ziceba
|
ezicebayo, eziceba
|
ziceba
|
azicebi
|
ezingacebi
|
zingacebi
|
Class 11
|
luyaceba, luceba
|
olucebayo, oluceba
|
luceba
|
alucebi
|
olungacebi
|
lungacebi
|
Class 14
|
buyaceba, buceba
|
obucebayo, obuceba
|
buceba
|
abucebi
|
obungacebi
|
bungacebi
|
Class 15
|
kuyaceba, kuceba
|
okucebayo, okuceba
|
kuceba
|
akucebi
|
okungacebi
|
kungacebi
|
Class 17
|
kuyaceba, kuceba
|
okucebayo, okuceba
|
kuceba
|
akucebi
|
okungacebi
|
kungacebi
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngicebile, ngicebē
|
engicebile, engicebē
|
ngicebile, ngicebē
|
angicebanga
|
engingacebanga
|
ngingacebanga
|
2nd singular
|
ucebile, ucebē
|
ocebile, ocebē
|
ucebile, ucebē
|
awucebanga
|
ongacebanga
|
ungacebanga
|
1st plural
|
sicebile, sicebē
|
esicebile, esicebē
|
sicebile, sicebē
|
asicebanga
|
esingacebanga
|
singacebanga
|
2nd plural
|
nicebile, nicebē
|
enicebile, enicebē
|
nicebile, nicebē
|
anicebanga
|
eningacebanga
|
ningacebanga
|
Class 1
|
ucebile, ucebē
|
ocebile, ocebē
|
ecebile, ecebē
|
akacebanga
|
ongacebanga
|
engacebanga
|
Class 2
|
bacebile, bacebē
|
abacebile, abacebē
|
becebile, becebē
|
abacebanga
|
abangacebanga
|
bengacebanga
|
Class 3
|
ucebile, ucebē
|
ocebile, ocebē
|
ucebile, ucebē
|
awucebanga
|
ongacebanga
|
ungacebanga
|
Class 4
|
icebile, icebē
|
ecebile, ecebē
|
icebile, icebē
|
ayicebanga
|
engacebanga
|
ingacebanga
|
Class 5
|
licebile, licebē
|
elicebile, elicebē
|
licebile, licebē
|
alicebanga
|
elingacebanga
|
lingacebanga
|
Class 6
|
acebile, acebē
|
acebile, acebē
|
ecebile, ecebē
|
awacebanga
|
angacebanga
|
engacebanga
|
Class 7
|
sicebile, sicebē
|
esicebile, esicebē
|
sicebile, sicebē
|
asicebanga
|
esingacebanga
|
singacebanga
|
Class 8
|
zicebile, zicebē
|
ezicebile, ezicebē
|
zicebile, zicebē
|
azicebanga
|
ezingacebanga
|
zingacebanga
|
Class 9
|
icebile, icebē
|
ecebile, ecebē
|
icebile, icebē
|
ayicebanga
|
engacebanga
|
ingacebanga
|
Class 10
|
zicebile, zicebē
|
ezicebile, ezicebē
|
zicebile, zicebē
|
azicebanga
|
ezingacebanga
|
zingacebanga
|
Class 11
|
lucebile, lucebē
|
olucebile, olucebē
|
lucebile, lucebē
|
alucebanga
|
olungacebanga
|
lungacebanga
|
Class 14
|
bucebile, bucebē
|
obucebile, obucebē
|
bucebile, bucebē
|
abucebanga
|
obungacebanga
|
bungacebanga
|
Class 15
|
kucebile, kucebē
|
okucebile, okucebē
|
kucebile, kucebē
|
akucebanga
|
okungacebanga
|
kungacebanga
|
Class 17
|
kucebile, kucebē
|
okucebile, okucebē
|
kucebile, kucebē
|
akucebanga
|
okungacebanga
|
kungacebanga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngāceba
|
engāceba
|
ngāceba
|
angicebanga
|
engingacebanga
|
ngingacebanga
|
2nd singular
|
wāceba
|
owāceba
|
wāceba
|
awucebanga
|
ongacebanga
|
ungacebanga
|
1st plural
|
sāceba
|
esāceba
|
sāceba
|
asicebanga
|
esingacebanga
|
singacebanga
|
2nd plural
|
nāceba
|
enāceba
|
nāceba
|
anicebanga
|
eningacebanga
|
ningacebanga
|
Class 1
|
wāceba
|
owāceba
|
āceba
|
akacebanga
|
ongacebanga
|
engacebanga
|
Class 2
|
bāceba
|
abāceba
|
bāceba
|
abacebanga
|
abangacebanga
|
bengacebanga
|
Class 3
|
wāceba
|
owāceba
|
wāceba
|
awucebanga
|
ongacebanga
|
ungacebanga
|
Class 4
|
yāceba
|
eyāceba
|
yāceba
|
ayicebanga
|
engacebanga
|
ingacebanga
|
Class 5
|
lāceba
|
elāceba
|
lāceba
|
alicebanga
|
elingacebanga
|
lingacebanga
|
Class 6
|
āceba
|
āceba
|
āceba
|
awacebanga
|
angacebanga
|
engacebanga
|
Class 7
|
sāceba
|
esāceba
|
sāceba
|
asicebanga
|
esingacebanga
|
singacebanga
|
Class 8
|
zāceba
|
ezāceba
|
zāceba
|
azicebanga
|
ezingacebanga
|
zingacebanga
|
Class 9
|
yāceba
|
eyāceba
|
yāceba
|
ayicebanga
|
engacebanga
|
ingacebanga
|
Class 10
|
zāceba
|
ezāceba
|
zāceba
|
azicebanga
|
ezingacebanga
|
zingacebanga
|
Class 11
|
lwāceba
|
olwāceba
|
lwāceba
|
alucebanga
|
olungacebanga
|
lungacebanga
|
Class 14
|
bāceba
|
obāceba
|
bāceba
|
abucebanga
|
obungacebanga
|
bungacebanga
|
Class 15
|
kwāceba
|
okwāceba
|
kwāceba
|
akucebanga
|
okungacebanga
|
kungacebanga
|
Class 17
|
kwāceba
|
okwāceba
|
kwāceba
|
akucebanga
|
okungacebanga
|
kungacebanga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingaceba
|
—
|
ngingaceba
|
ngingecebe
|
—
|
ngingecebe
|
2nd singular
|
ungaceba
|
—
|
ungaceba
|
ungecebe
|
—
|
ungecebe
|
1st plural
|
singaceba
|
—
|
singaceba
|
singecebe
|
—
|
singecebe
|
2nd plural
|
ningaceba
|
—
|
ningaceba
|
ningecebe
|
—
|
ningecebe
|
Class 1
|
angaceba
|
—
|
engaceba
|
angecebe
|
—
|
engecebe
|
Class 2
|
bangaceba
|
—
|
bengaceba
|
bangecebe
|
—
|
bengecebe
|
Class 3
|
ungaceba
|
—
|
ungaceba
|
ungecebe
|
—
|
ungecebe
|
Class 4
|
ingaceba
|
—
|
ingaceba
|
ingecebe
|
—
|
ingecebe
|
Class 5
|
lingaceba
|
—
|
lingaceba
|
lingecebe
|
—
|
lingecebe
|
Class 6
|
angaceba
|
—
|
engaceba
|
angecebe
|
—
|
engecebe
|
Class 7
|
singaceba
|
—
|
singaceba
|
singecebe
|
—
|
singecebe
|
Class 8
|
zingaceba
|
—
|
zingaceba
|
zingecebe
|
—
|
zingecebe
|
Class 9
|
ingaceba
|
—
|
ingaceba
|
ingecebe
|
—
|
ingecebe
|
Class 10
|
zingaceba
|
—
|
zingaceba
|
zingecebe
|
—
|
zingecebe
|
Class 11
|
lungaceba
|
—
|
lungaceba
|
lungecebe
|
—
|
lungecebe
|
Class 14
|
bungaceba
|
—
|
bungaceba
|
bungecebe
|
—
|
bungecebe
|
Class 15
|
kungaceba
|
—
|
kungaceba
|
kungecebe
|
—
|
kungecebe
|
Class 17
|
kungaceba
|
—
|
kungaceba
|
kungecebe
|
—
|
kungecebe
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizoceba
|
engizoceba
|
ngizoceba
|
angizuceba
|
engingezuceba
|
ngingezuceba
|
2nd singular
|
uzoceba
|
ozoceba
|
uzoceba
|
awuzuceba
|
ongezuceba
|
ungezuceba
|
1st plural
|
sizoceba
|
esizoceba
|
sizoceba
|
asizuceba
|
esingezuceba
|
singezuceba
|
2nd plural
|
nizoceba
|
enizoceba
|
nizoceba
|
anizuceba
|
eningezuceba
|
ningezuceba
|
Class 1
|
uzoceba
|
ozoceba
|
ezoceba
|
akazuceba
|
ongezuceba
|
engezuceba
|
Class 2
|
bazoceba
|
abazoceba
|
bezoceba
|
abazuceba
|
abangezuceba
|
bengezuceba
|
Class 3
|
uzoceba
|
ozoceba
|
uzoceba
|
awuzuceba
|
ongezuceba
|
ungezuceba
|
Class 4
|
izoceba
|
ezoceba
|
izoceba
|
ayizuceba
|
engezuceba
|
ingezuceba
|
Class 5
|
lizoceba
|
elizoceba
|
lizoceba
|
alizuceba
|
elingezuceba
|
lingezuceba
|
Class 6
|
azoceba
|
azoceba
|
ezoceba
|
awazuceba
|
angezuceba
|
engezuceba
|
Class 7
|
sizoceba
|
esizoceba
|
sizoceba
|
asizuceba
|
esingezuceba
|
singezuceba
|
Class 8
|
zizoceba
|
ezizoceba
|
zizoceba
|
azizuceba
|
ezingezuceba
|
zingezuceba
|
Class 9
|
izoceba
|
ezoceba
|
izoceba
|
ayizuceba
|
engezuceba
|
ingezuceba
|
Class 10
|
zizoceba
|
ezizoceba
|
zizoceba
|
azizuceba
|
ezingezuceba
|
zingezuceba
|
Class 11
|
luzoceba
|
oluzoceba
|
luzoceba
|
aluzuceba
|
olungezuceba
|
lungezuceba
|
Class 14
|
buzoceba
|
obuzoceba
|
buzoceba
|
abuzuceba
|
obungezuceba
|
bungezuceba
|
Class 15
|
kuzoceba
|
okuzoceba
|
kuzoceba
|
akuzuceba
|
okungezuceba
|
kungezuceba
|
Class 17
|
kuzoceba
|
okuzoceba
|
kuzoceba
|
akuzuceba
|
okungezuceba
|
kungezuceba
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyoceba
|
engiyoceba
|
ngiyoceba
|
angiyuceba
|
engingeyuceba
|
ngingeyuceba
|
2nd singular
|
uyoceba
|
oyoceba
|
uyoceba
|
awuyuceba
|
ongeyuceba
|
ungeyuceba
|
1st plural
|
siyoceba
|
esiyoceba
|
siyoceba
|
asiyuceba
|
esingeyuceba
|
singeyuceba
|
2nd plural
|
niyoceba
|
eniyoceba
|
niyoceba
|
aniyuceba
|
eningeyuceba
|
ningeyuceba
|
Class 1
|
uyoceba
|
oyoceba
|
eyoceba
|
akayuceba
|
ongeyuceba
|
engeyuceba
|
Class 2
|
bayoceba
|
abayoceba
|
beyoceba
|
abayuceba
|
abangeyuceba
|
bengeyuceba
|
Class 3
|
uyoceba
|
oyoceba
|
uyoceba
|
awuyuceba
|
ongeyuceba
|
ungeyuceba
|
Class 4
|
iyoceba
|
eyoceba
|
iyoceba
|
ayiyuceba
|
engeyuceba
|
ingeyuceba
|
Class 5
|
liyoceba
|
eliyoceba
|
liyoceba
|
aliyuceba
|
elingeyuceba
|
lingeyuceba
|
Class 6
|
ayoceba
|
ayoceba
|
eyoceba
|
awayuceba
|
angeyuceba
|
engeyuceba
|
Class 7
|
siyoceba
|
esiyoceba
|
siyoceba
|
asiyuceba
|
esingeyuceba
|
singeyuceba
|
Class 8
|
ziyoceba
|
eziyoceba
|
ziyoceba
|
aziyuceba
|
ezingeyuceba
|
zingeyuceba
|
Class 9
|
iyoceba
|
eyoceba
|
iyoceba
|
ayiyuceba
|
engeyuceba
|
ingeyuceba
|
Class 10
|
ziyoceba
|
eziyoceba
|
ziyoceba
|
aziyuceba
|
ezingeyuceba
|
zingeyuceba
|
Class 11
|
luyoceba
|
oluyoceba
|
luyoceba
|
aluyuceba
|
olungeyuceba
|
lungeyuceba
|
Class 14
|
buyoceba
|
obuyoceba
|
buyoceba
|
abuyuceba
|
obungeyuceba
|
bungeyuceba
|
Class 15
|
kuyoceba
|
okuyoceba
|
kuyoceba
|
akuyuceba
|
okungeyuceba
|
kungeyuceba
|
Class 17
|
kuyoceba
|
okuyoceba
|
kuyoceba
|
akuyuceba
|
okungeyuceba
|
kungeyuceba
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngicebe
|
ngingacebi
|
2nd singular
|
ucebe
|
ungacebi
|
1st plural
|
sicebe
|
singacebi
|
2nd plural
|
nicebe
|
ningacebi
|
Class 1
|
acebe
|
angacebi
|
Class 2
|
bacebe
|
bangacebi
|
Class 3
|
ucebe
|
ungacebi
|
Class 4
|
icebe
|
ingacebi
|
Class 5
|
licebe
|
lingacebi
|
Class 6
|
acebe
|
angacebi
|
Class 7
|
sicebe
|
singacebi
|
Class 8
|
zicebe
|
zingacebi
|
Class 9
|
icebe
|
ingacebi
|
Class 10
|
zicebe
|
zingacebi
|
Class 11
|
lucebe
|
lungacebi
|
Class 14
|
bucebe
|
bungacebi
|
Class 15
|
kucebe
|
kungacebi
|
Class 17
|
kucebe
|
kungacebi
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngaceba
|
ngangaceba, angaceba, angangaceba
|
2nd singular
|
waceba
|
wangaceba, awaceba, awangaceba
|
1st plural
|
saceba
|
sangaceba, asaceba, asangaceba
|
2nd plural
|
naceba
|
nangaceba, anaceba, anangaceba
|
Class 1
|
waceba
|
wangaceba, akaceba, akangaceba
|
Class 2
|
baceba
|
bangaceba, abaceba, abangaceba
|
Class 3
|
waceba
|
wangaceba, awaceba, awangaceba
|
Class 4
|
yaceba
|
yangaceba, ayaceba, ayangaceba
|
Class 5
|
laceba
|
langaceba, alaceba, alangaceba
|
Class 6
|
aceba
|
angaceba, awaceba, awangaceba
|
Class 7
|
saceba
|
sangaceba, asaceba, asangaceba
|
Class 8
|
zaceba
|
zangaceba, azaceba, azangaceba
|
Class 9
|
yaceba
|
yangaceba, ayaceba, ayangaceba
|
Class 10
|
zaceba
|
zangaceba, azaceba, azangaceba
|
Class 11
|
lwaceba
|
lwangaceba, alwaceba, alwangaceba
|
Class 14
|
baceba
|
bangaceba, abaceba, abangaceba
|
Class 15
|
kwaceba
|
kwangaceba, akwaceba, akwangaceba
|
Class 17
|
kwaceba
|
kwangaceba, akwaceba, akwangaceba
|
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
-ceba
- (intransitive) to be rich, wealthy
- (intransitive) to be fat, sleek (of animals)
Tone L
|
Infinitive
|
ukuceba
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukuceba
|
ukungacebi
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
Singular
|
ceba
|
-cebe
|
Plural
|
cebani
|
-cebeni
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyaceba, ngiceba
|
engicebayo, engiceba
|
ngiceba
|
angicebi
|
engingacebi
|
ngingacebi
|
2nd singular
|
uyaceba, uceba
|
ocebayo, oceba
|
uceba
|
awucebi
|
ongacebi
|
ungacebi
|
1st plural
|
siyaceba, siceba
|
esicebayo, esiceba
|
siceba
|
asicebi
|
esingacebi
|
singacebi
|
2nd plural
|
niyaceba, niceba
|
enicebayo, eniceba
|
niceba
|
anicebi
|
eningacebi
|
ningacebi
|
Class 1
|
uyaceba, uceba
|
ocebayo, oceba
|
eceba
|
akacebi
|
ongacebi
|
engacebi
|
Class 2
|
bayaceba, baceba
|
abacebayo, abaceba
|
beceba
|
abacebi
|
abangacebi
|
bengacebi
|
Class 3
|
uyaceba, uceba
|
ocebayo, oceba
|
uceba
|
awucebi
|
ongacebi
|
ungacebi
|
Class 4
|
iyaceba, iceba
|
ecebayo, eceba
|
iceba
|
ayicebi
|
engacebi
|
ingacebi
|
Class 5
|
liyaceba, liceba
|
elicebayo, eliceba
|
liceba
|
alicebi
|
elingacebi
|
lingacebi
|
Class 6
|
ayaceba, aceba
|
acebayo, aceba
|
eceba
|
awacebi
|
angacebi
|
engacebi
|
Class 7
|
siyaceba, siceba
|
esicebayo, esiceba
|
siceba
|
asicebi
|
esingacebi
|
singacebi
|
Class 8
|
ziyaceba, ziceba
|
ezicebayo, eziceba
|
ziceba
|
azicebi
|
ezingacebi
|
zingacebi
|
Class 9
|
iyaceba, iceba
|
ecebayo, eceba
|
iceba
|
ayicebi
|
engacebi
|
ingacebi
|
Class 10
|
ziyaceba, ziceba
|
ezicebayo, eziceba
|
ziceba
|
azicebi
|
ezingacebi
|
zingacebi
|
Class 11
|
luyaceba, luceba
|
olucebayo, oluceba
|
luceba
|
alucebi
|
olungacebi
|
lungacebi
|
Class 14
|
buyaceba, buceba
|
obucebayo, obuceba
|
buceba
|
abucebi
|
obungacebi
|
bungacebi
|
Class 15
|
kuyaceba, kuceba
|
okucebayo, okuceba
|
kuceba
|
akucebi
|
okungacebi
|
kungacebi
|
Class 17
|
kuyaceba, kuceba
|
okucebayo, okuceba
|
kuceba
|
akucebi
|
okungacebi
|
kungacebi
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngicebile, ngicebē
|
engicebile, engicebē
|
ngicebile, ngicebē
|
angicebanga
|
engingacebanga
|
ngingacebanga
|
2nd singular
|
ucebile, ucebē
|
ocebile, ocebē
|
ucebile, ucebē
|
awucebanga
|
ongacebanga
|
ungacebanga
|
1st plural
|
sicebile, sicebē
|
esicebile, esicebē
|
sicebile, sicebē
|
asicebanga
|
esingacebanga
|
singacebanga
|
2nd plural
|
nicebile, nicebē
|
enicebile, enicebē
|
nicebile, nicebē
|
anicebanga
|
eningacebanga
|
ningacebanga
|
Class 1
|
ucebile, ucebē
|
ocebile, ocebē
|
ecebile, ecebē
|
akacebanga
|
ongacebanga
|
engacebanga
|
Class 2
|
bacebile, bacebē
|
abacebile, abacebē
|
becebile, becebē
|
abacebanga
|
abangacebanga
|
bengacebanga
|
Class 3
|
ucebile, ucebē
|
ocebile, ocebē
|
ucebile, ucebē
|
awucebanga
|
ongacebanga
|
ungacebanga
|
Class 4
|
icebile, icebē
|
ecebile, ecebē
|
icebile, icebē
|
ayicebanga
|
engacebanga
|
ingacebanga
|
Class 5
|
licebile, licebē
|
elicebile, elicebē
|
licebile, licebē
|
alicebanga
|
elingacebanga
|
lingacebanga
|
Class 6
|
acebile, acebē
|
acebile, acebē
|
ecebile, ecebē
|
awacebanga
|
angacebanga
|
engacebanga
|
Class 7
|
sicebile, sicebē
|
esicebile, esicebē
|
sicebile, sicebē
|
asicebanga
|
esingacebanga
|
singacebanga
|
Class 8
|
zicebile, zicebē
|
ezicebile, ezicebē
|
zicebile, zicebē
|
azicebanga
|
ezingacebanga
|
zingacebanga
|
Class 9
|
icebile, icebē
|
ecebile, ecebē
|
icebile, icebē
|
ayicebanga
|
engacebanga
|
ingacebanga
|
Class 10
|
zicebile, zicebē
|
ezicebile, ezicebē
|
zicebile, zicebē
|
azicebanga
|
ezingacebanga
|
zingacebanga
|
Class 11
|
lucebile, lucebē
|
olucebile, olucebē
|
lucebile, lucebē
|
alucebanga
|
olungacebanga
|
lungacebanga
|
Class 14
|
bucebile, bucebē
|
obucebile, obucebē
|
bucebile, bucebē
|
abucebanga
|
obungacebanga
|
bungacebanga
|
Class 15
|
kucebile, kucebē
|
okucebile, okucebē
|
kucebile, kucebē
|
akucebanga
|
okungacebanga
|
kungacebanga
|
Class 17
|
kucebile, kucebē
|
okucebile, okucebē
|
kucebile, kucebē
|
akucebanga
|
okungacebanga
|
kungacebanga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngāceba
|
engāceba
|
ngāceba
|
angicebanga
|
engingacebanga
|
ngingacebanga
|
2nd singular
|
wāceba
|
owāceba
|
wāceba
|
awucebanga
|
ongacebanga
|
ungacebanga
|
1st plural
|
sāceba
|
esāceba
|
sāceba
|
asicebanga
|
esingacebanga
|
singacebanga
|
2nd plural
|
nāceba
|
enāceba
|
nāceba
|
anicebanga
|
eningacebanga
|
ningacebanga
|
Class 1
|
wāceba
|
owāceba
|
āceba
|
akacebanga
|
ongacebanga
|
engacebanga
|
Class 2
|
bāceba
|
abāceba
|
bāceba
|
abacebanga
|
abangacebanga
|
bengacebanga
|
Class 3
|
wāceba
|
owāceba
|
wāceba
|
awucebanga
|
ongacebanga
|
ungacebanga
|
Class 4
|
yāceba
|
eyāceba
|
yāceba
|
ayicebanga
|
engacebanga
|
ingacebanga
|
Class 5
|
lāceba
|
elāceba
|
lāceba
|
alicebanga
|
elingacebanga
|
lingacebanga
|
Class 6
|
āceba
|
āceba
|
āceba
|
awacebanga
|
angacebanga
|
engacebanga
|
Class 7
|
sāceba
|
esāceba
|
sāceba
|
asicebanga
|
esingacebanga
|
singacebanga
|
Class 8
|
zāceba
|
ezāceba
|
zāceba
|
azicebanga
|
ezingacebanga
|
zingacebanga
|
Class 9
|
yāceba
|
eyāceba
|
yāceba
|
ayicebanga
|
engacebanga
|
ingacebanga
|
Class 10
|
zāceba
|
ezāceba
|
zāceba
|
azicebanga
|
ezingacebanga
|
zingacebanga
|
Class 11
|
lwāceba
|
olwāceba
|
lwāceba
|
alucebanga
|
olungacebanga
|
lungacebanga
|
Class 14
|
bāceba
|
obāceba
|
bāceba
|
abucebanga
|
obungacebanga
|
bungacebanga
|
Class 15
|
kwāceba
|
okwāceba
|
kwāceba
|
akucebanga
|
okungacebanga
|
kungacebanga
|
Class 17
|
kwāceba
|
okwāceba
|
kwāceba
|
akucebanga
|
okungacebanga
|
kungacebanga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingaceba
|
—
|
ngingaceba
|
ngingecebe
|
—
|
ngingecebe
|
2nd singular
|
ungaceba
|
—
|
ungaceba
|
ungecebe
|
—
|
ungecebe
|
1st plural
|
singaceba
|
—
|
singaceba
|
singecebe
|
—
|
singecebe
|
2nd plural
|
ningaceba
|
—
|
ningaceba
|
ningecebe
|
—
|
ningecebe
|
Class 1
|
angaceba
|
—
|
engaceba
|
angecebe
|
—
|
engecebe
|
Class 2
|
bangaceba
|
—
|
bengaceba
|
bangecebe
|
—
|
bengecebe
|
Class 3
|
ungaceba
|
—
|
ungaceba
|
ungecebe
|
—
|
ungecebe
|
Class 4
|
ingaceba
|
—
|
ingaceba
|
ingecebe
|
—
|
ingecebe
|
Class 5
|
lingaceba
|
—
|
lingaceba
|
lingecebe
|
—
|
lingecebe
|
Class 6
|
angaceba
|
—
|
engaceba
|
angecebe
|
—
|
engecebe
|
Class 7
|
singaceba
|
—
|
singaceba
|
singecebe
|
—
|
singecebe
|
Class 8
|
zingaceba
|
—
|
zingaceba
|
zingecebe
|
—
|
zingecebe
|
Class 9
|
ingaceba
|
—
|
ingaceba
|
ingecebe
|
—
|
ingecebe
|
Class 10
|
zingaceba
|
—
|
zingaceba
|
zingecebe
|
—
|
zingecebe
|
Class 11
|
lungaceba
|
—
|
lungaceba
|
lungecebe
|
—
|
lungecebe
|
Class 14
|
bungaceba
|
—
|
bungaceba
|
bungecebe
|
—
|
bungecebe
|
Class 15
|
kungaceba
|
—
|
kungaceba
|
kungecebe
|
—
|
kungecebe
|
Class 17
|
kungaceba
|
—
|
kungaceba
|
kungecebe
|
—
|
kungecebe
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizoceba
|
engizoceba
|
ngizoceba
|
angizuceba
|
engingezuceba
|
ngingezuceba
|
2nd singular
|
uzoceba
|
ozoceba
|
uzoceba
|
awuzuceba
|
ongezuceba
|
ungezuceba
|
1st plural
|
sizoceba
|
esizoceba
|
sizoceba
|
asizuceba
|
esingezuceba
|
singezuceba
|
2nd plural
|
nizoceba
|
enizoceba
|
nizoceba
|
anizuceba
|
eningezuceba
|
ningezuceba
|
Class 1
|
uzoceba
|
ozoceba
|
ezoceba
|
akazuceba
|
ongezuceba
|
engezuceba
|
Class 2
|
bazoceba
|
abazoceba
|
bezoceba
|
abazuceba
|
abangezuceba
|
bengezuceba
|
Class 3
|
uzoceba
|
ozoceba
|
uzoceba
|
awuzuceba
|
ongezuceba
|
ungezuceba
|
Class 4
|
izoceba
|
ezoceba
|
izoceba
|
ayizuceba
|
engezuceba
|
ingezuceba
|
Class 5
|
lizoceba
|
elizoceba
|
lizoceba
|
alizuceba
|
elingezuceba
|
lingezuceba
|
Class 6
|
azoceba
|
azoceba
|
ezoceba
|
awazuceba
|
angezuceba
|
engezuceba
|
Class 7
|
sizoceba
|
esizoceba
|
sizoceba
|
asizuceba
|
esingezuceba
|
singezuceba
|
Class 8
|
zizoceba
|
ezizoceba
|
zizoceba
|
azizuceba
|
ezingezuceba
|
zingezuceba
|
Class 9
|
izoceba
|
ezoceba
|
izoceba
|
ayizuceba
|
engezuceba
|
ingezuceba
|
Class 10
|
zizoceba
|
ezizoceba
|
zizoceba
|
azizuceba
|
ezingezuceba
|
zingezuceba
|
Class 11
|
luzoceba
|
oluzoceba
|
luzoceba
|
aluzuceba
|
olungezuceba
|
lungezuceba
|
Class 14
|
buzoceba
|
obuzoceba
|
buzoceba
|
abuzuceba
|
obungezuceba
|
bungezuceba
|
Class 15
|
kuzoceba
|
okuzoceba
|
kuzoceba
|
akuzuceba
|
okungezuceba
|
kungezuceba
|
Class 17
|
kuzoceba
|
okuzoceba
|
kuzoceba
|
akuzuceba
|
okungezuceba
|
kungezuceba
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyoceba
|
engiyoceba
|
ngiyoceba
|
angiyuceba
|
engingeyuceba
|
ngingeyuceba
|
2nd singular
|
uyoceba
|
oyoceba
|
uyoceba
|
awuyuceba
|
ongeyuceba
|
ungeyuceba
|
1st plural
|
siyoceba
|
esiyoceba
|
siyoceba
|
asiyuceba
|
esingeyuceba
|
singeyuceba
|
2nd plural
|
niyoceba
|
eniyoceba
|
niyoceba
|
aniyuceba
|
eningeyuceba
|
ningeyuceba
|
Class 1
|
uyoceba
|
oyoceba
|
eyoceba
|
akayuceba
|
ongeyuceba
|
engeyuceba
|
Class 2
|
bayoceba
|
abayoceba
|
beyoceba
|
abayuceba
|
abangeyuceba
|
bengeyuceba
|
Class 3
|
uyoceba
|
oyoceba
|
uyoceba
|
awuyuceba
|
ongeyuceba
|
ungeyuceba
|
Class 4
|
iyoceba
|
eyoceba
|
iyoceba
|
ayiyuceba
|
engeyuceba
|
ingeyuceba
|
Class 5
|
liyoceba
|
eliyoceba
|
liyoceba
|
aliyuceba
|
elingeyuceba
|
lingeyuceba
|
Class 6
|
ayoceba
|
ayoceba
|
eyoceba
|
awayuceba
|
angeyuceba
|
engeyuceba
|
Class 7
|
siyoceba
|
esiyoceba
|
siyoceba
|
asiyuceba
|
esingeyuceba
|
singeyuceba
|
Class 8
|
ziyoceba
|
eziyoceba
|
ziyoceba
|
aziyuceba
|
ezingeyuceba
|
zingeyuceba
|
Class 9
|
iyoceba
|
eyoceba
|
iyoceba
|
ayiyuceba
|
engeyuceba
|
ingeyuceba
|
Class 10
|
ziyoceba
|
eziyoceba
|
ziyoceba
|
aziyuceba
|
ezingeyuceba
|
zingeyuceba
|
Class 11
|
luyoceba
|
oluyoceba
|
luyoceba
|
aluyuceba
|
olungeyuceba
|
lungeyuceba
|
Class 14
|
buyoceba
|
obuyoceba
|
buyoceba
|
abuyuceba
|
obungeyuceba
|
bungeyuceba
|
Class 15
|
kuyoceba
|
okuyoceba
|
kuyoceba
|
akuyuceba
|
okungeyuceba
|
kungeyuceba
|
Class 17
|
kuyoceba
|
okuyoceba
|
kuyoceba
|
akuyuceba
|
okungeyuceba
|
kungeyuceba
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngicebe
|
ngingacebi
|
2nd singular
|
ucebe
|
ungacebi
|
1st plural
|
sicebe
|
singacebi
|
2nd plural
|
nicebe
|
ningacebi
|
Class 1
|
acebe
|
angacebi
|
Class 2
|
bacebe
|
bangacebi
|
Class 3
|
ucebe
|
ungacebi
|
Class 4
|
icebe
|
ingacebi
|
Class 5
|
licebe
|
lingacebi
|
Class 6
|
acebe
|
angacebi
|
Class 7
|
sicebe
|
singacebi
|
Class 8
|
zicebe
|
zingacebi
|
Class 9
|
icebe
|
ingacebi
|
Class 10
|
zicebe
|
zingacebi
|
Class 11
|
lucebe
|
lungacebi
|
Class 14
|
bucebe
|
bungacebi
|
Class 15
|
kucebe
|
kungacebi
|
Class 17
|
kucebe
|
kungacebi
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngaceba
|
ngangaceba, angaceba, angangaceba
|
2nd singular
|
waceba
|
wangaceba, awaceba, awangaceba
|
1st plural
|
saceba
|
sangaceba, asaceba, asangaceba
|
2nd plural
|
naceba
|
nangaceba, anaceba, anangaceba
|
Class 1
|
waceba
|
wangaceba, akaceba, akangaceba
|
Class 2
|
baceba
|
bangaceba, abaceba, abangaceba
|
Class 3
|
waceba
|
wangaceba, awaceba, awangaceba
|
Class 4
|
yaceba
|
yangaceba, ayaceba, ayangaceba
|
Class 5
|
laceba
|
langaceba, alaceba, alangaceba
|
Class 6
|
aceba
|
angaceba, awaceba, awangaceba
|
Class 7
|
saceba
|
sangaceba, asaceba, asangaceba
|
Class 8
|
zaceba
|
zangaceba, azaceba, azangaceba
|
Class 9
|
yaceba
|
yangaceba, ayaceba, ayangaceba
|
Class 10
|
zaceba
|
zangaceba, azaceba, azangaceba
|
Class 11
|
lwaceba
|
lwangaceba, alwaceba, alwangaceba
|
Class 14
|
baceba
|
bangaceba, abaceba, abangaceba
|
Class 15
|
kwaceba
|
kwangaceba, akwaceba, akwangaceba
|
Class 17
|
kwaceba
|
kwangaceba, akwaceba, akwangaceba
|
- C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “ceɓa”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “ceɓa (3.9)”
- C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “ceɓa”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “ceɓa (6.3)”
- Louw, J.A. (2013) “The Impact of Khoesan on Southern Bantu”, in Vossen, Rainer, editor, The Khoesan Languages, Routledge, →ISBN, pages 435-444