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cis

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Appendix:Variations of "cis"

Translingual

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Etymology

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Abbreviation, presumably from either English cosine and sine and the number i or translingual cos, i, and sin.

Symbol

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cis

  1. (mathematics) The function .

English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Latin cis (“on this side (of), on the near or same side”). Doublet of he, it, here, hither, and hence.

Adjective

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cis (not comparable)

  1. (biology) Having two mutations on two genes on the same chromosome of a homologous pair.
  2. (cytology) Of the side of the Golgi apparatus nearer to the endoplasmic reticulum.
  3. (physical chemistry) In (or constituting, forming, or describing) a double bond in which the greater radical on both ends is on the same side of the bond.
    • 1984, American Chemical Society. Division of Polymer Chemistry, Papers Presented at the ... Meeting:
      9 is thought to survive longer when the CH = CH bond is cis and to favour the formation of another cis double bond in a propagation reaction involving its displacement by monomer. 10, on the other hand, is more likely to yield a trans double bond […]
    • 2007, Vickie A. Vaclavik, Elizabeth W. Christian, Essentials of Food Science, Springer Science & Business Media, →ISBN, page 277:
      However, a cis double bond causes a kink in the chain. (A cis double bond introduces a bend of about 42 into the linear hydrocarbon chain.)
    • 2015, William P Edwards, The Science of Bakery Products, Royal Society of Chemistry, →ISBN, page 26:
      A cis double bond is one where the hydrogen atoms are both on the same side. In contrast, a trans double bond has them on the opposite side.
  4. (physical chemistry) In (or constituting, forming, or describing) a coordination compound in which the two instances of a particular ligand are adjacent to each other.
    The cis effect is the labilization of ligands which are cis to certain other ligands.
Antonyms
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terms related to cis
Translations
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Etymology 2

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Clipping of cisgender or cissexual, ultimately from Latin cis.

Alternative forms

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Adjective

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cis (not comparable)

  2. Cisgender (or sometimes cissexual): not trans (transgender or transsexual) nor non-binary.
    Coordinate term: trans
    • 2017 November 21, Trish Bendix, quoting Ashlee Marie Preston, “Why it matters that transgender women are speaking out about Jeffrey Tambor — and that people are listening”, in Yahoo! Lifestyle‎[2]:
      We're demonized and criminalized as perverts out to trick and deceive cis hetero men; therefore anything that happens to us, we 'had coming.'
    • 2019 January 17, James Acaster: Cold Lasagne Hate Myself 1999‎[3], spoken by James Acaster:
      Oh yeah, because you know who's been long overdue a challenge? The trans community. Oh, they've had their guard down for too long if you ask me. They'll all be checking their privilege on the way home now thanks to you, you brave little cis boy!
    • 2019 September 24, Johnathan Van Ness, Over the Top: A Raw Journey to Self-Love, HarperCollins, →ISBN, pages 117–118:
      The reality is that LGBTQ+ people face challenges at disproportionally higher rates than their straight counterparts — drug use, sex work, and financial instability can be an unfortunate result. My privilege as a young cis white man whose parents weren't going to let me drown afforded me the ability to make those mistakes and live to talk about it.
Usage notes
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Derived terms
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Translations
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Anagrams

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Czech

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Noun

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cis n (indeclinable)

  1. C-sharp

Further reading

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  • “cis”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
  • “cis”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

Esperanto

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Ido cis, from Latin cis.

Pronunciation

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  • Audio:(file)
  • IPA(key): [t͡sis]
  • Hyphenation: cis

Preposition

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cis

  1. (nonstandard) on this side of[1][2]
    Synonyms: ĉi-flanke de, maltrans
    Antonym: trans
    Ili loĝas cis tiuj montoj. ― They live on this side of those mountains.
    • 2003, Aleksander Korĵe (tr.), “Palto”, in Rusa novelaro‎[4], Kaliningrad: Sezonoj, translation of original by Nikolaj Gogol, archived from the original on 8 May 2013:
      ...la mortinta oficisto komencis aperi eĉ cis la ponto Kalinkin, kaŭzante grandan timon al ĉiuj malkuraĝuloj.
      ...the dead office worker began to appear even on this side of the Kalinkin bridge, causing great fear to all cowards.
    • 2010 September, Donald Broadribb, “Pri tramoj kaj tasoj da teo”, in Mirmekobo, number 10, page 24:
      Trans la strato, laŭ mia vidkapablo, troviĝas nur amaso da arboj; kaj cis, malnovaj mallarĝaj domoj kun komunaj muroj kaj nur etaj gazonoj, kvazaŭ oni devis enŝovi ilin pro manko de spaco.
      Across the street, as far as I can see, is found only a mass of trees; and on this side, little old houses with common walls and only small lawns, as if one had to shove into them for lack of space.
    • For more quotations using this term, see Citations:cis.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Sennacieca Asocio Tutmonda (1970) Plena Ilustrita Vortaro de Esperanto (in Esperanto), 3 edition, Paris, published 1987, →ISBN, page 147
  2. ^ Wennergren, Bertilo (2013 June 14) “Neoficialaj vortetoj”, in Plena Manlibro de Esperanta Gramatiko‎[1] (in Esperanto), retrieved 2014-05-09

Finnish

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Etymology

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From German Cis (German key notation).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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cis

  1. (music) C-sharp

Usage notes

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  • Capitalized for the great octave or any octave below that, or in names of major keys; not capitalized for the small octave or any octave above that, or in names of minor keys.
  • In speech, the declension is often: cissän, cissää, similar to ässä.

Declension

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Inflection of cis (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)
nominative cis cisit
genitive cisin cisien
partitive cisiä cisejä
illative cisiin ciseihin
singular plural
nominative cis cisit
accusative nom. cis cisit
gen. cisin
genitive cisin cisien
partitive cisiä cisejä
inessive cisissä ciseissä
elative cisistä ciseistä
illative cisiin ciseihin
adessive cisillä ciseillä
ablative cisiltä ciseiltä
allative cisille ciseille
essive cisinä ciseinä
translative cisiksi ciseiksi
abessive cisittä ciseittä
instructive — cisein
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of cis (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative cisini cisini
accusative nom. cisini cisini
gen. cisini
genitive cisini cisieni
partitive cisiäni cisejäni
inessive cisissäni ciseissäni
elative cisistäni ciseistäni
illative cisiini ciseihini
adessive cisilläni ciseilläni
ablative cisiltäni ciseiltäni
allative cisilleni ciseilleni
essive cisinäni ciseinäni
translative cisikseni ciseikseni
abessive cisittäni ciseittäni
instructive — —
comitative — ciseineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative cisisi cisisi
accusative nom. cisisi cisisi
gen. cisisi
genitive cisisi cisiesi
partitive cisiäsi cisejäsi
inessive cisissäsi ciseissäsi
elative cisistäsi ciseistäsi
illative cisiisi ciseihisi
adessive cisilläsi ciseilläsi
ablative cisiltäsi ciseiltäsi
allative cisillesi ciseillesi
essive cisinäsi ciseinäsi
translative cisiksesi ciseiksesi
abessive cisittäsi ciseittäsi
instructive — —
comitative — ciseinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative cisimme cisimme
accusative nom. cisimme cisimme
gen. cisimme
genitive cisimme cisiemme
partitive cisiämme cisejämme
inessive cisissämme ciseissämme
elative cisistämme ciseistämme
illative cisiimme ciseihimme
adessive cisillämme ciseillämme
ablative cisiltämme ciseiltämme
allative cisillemme ciseillemme
essive cisinämme ciseinämme
translative cisiksemme ciseiksemme
abessive cisittämme ciseittämme
instructive — —
comitative — ciseinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative cisinne cisinne
accusative nom. cisinne cisinne
gen. cisinne
genitive cisinne cisienne
partitive cisiänne cisejänne
inessive cisissänne ciseissänne
elative cisistänne ciseistänne
illative cisiinne ciseihinne
adessive cisillänne ciseillänne
ablative cisiltänne ciseiltänne
allative cisillenne ciseillenne
essive cisinänne ciseinänne
translative cisiksenne ciseiksenne
abessive cisittänne ciseittänne
instructive — —
comitative — ciseinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative cisinsä cisinsä
accusative nom. cisinsä cisinsä
gen. cisinsä
genitive cisinsä cisiensä
partitive cisiään
cisiänsä 		cisejään
cisejänsä
inessive cisissään
cisissänsä 		ciseissään
ciseissänsä
elative cisistään
cisistänsä 		ciseistään
ciseistänsä
illative cisiinsä ciseihinsä
adessive cisillään
cisillänsä 		ciseillään
ciseillänsä
ablative cisiltään
cisiltänsä 		ciseiltään
ciseiltänsä
allative cisilleen
cisillensä 		ciseilleen
ciseillensä
essive cisinään
cisinänsä 		ciseinään
ciseinänsä
translative cisikseen
cisiksensä 		ciseikseen
ciseiksensä
abessive cisittään
cisittänsä 		ciseittään
ciseittänsä
instructive — —
comitative — ciseineen
ciseinensä

Derived terms

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compounds

Ido

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin cis.

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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cis

  1. on this side of (anything)
    Cis la rivero la tereno esas pasable sika.
    On this side of the river the terrain is pretty dry.

Antonyms

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  • trans (“on the other side of, beyond, across”)

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Esperanto: cis

Noun

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cis (uncountable)

  1. C sharp

Irish

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Etymology

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From Middle Irish ces (“basket, hamper, pannier; bee-hive, skep; causeway of hurdles”), from Old Norse kesja, Latin cista.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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cis f (genitive singular cise, nominative plural ciseanna)

  1. wicker container; basket, crate
  2. plaited or crossed twigs as support for causeway

Alternative forms

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Noun

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cis f (genitive singular cise)

  1. restraint; (golf) handicap

Declension

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Declension of cis (second declension)
bare forms
case singular plural
nominative cis ciseanna
vocative a chis a chiseanna
genitive cise ciseanna
dative cis ciseanna
forms with the definite article
case singular plural
nominative an chis na ciseanna
genitive na cise na gciseanna
dative leis an gcis
don chis 		leis na ciseanna

Derived terms

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Verb

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cis (present analytic ciseann, future analytic cisfidh, verbal noun ciseadh, past participle ciste) (transitive, intransitive)

  1. stand, place one's weight (ar (“on”))
  2. restrain
  3. (sports) handicap

Conjugation

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conjugation of cis (first conjugation – A)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present cisim ciseann tú;
cisir† 		ciseann sé, sí cisimid ciseann sibh ciseann siad;
cisid† 		a chiseann; a chiseas /
a gciseann* 		cistear
past chis mé; chiseas chis tú; chisis chis sé, sí chiseamar; chis muid chis sibh; chiseabhair chis siad; chiseadar a chis /
ar chis* 		ciseadh
past habitual chisinn / gcisinn‡‡ chisteá / gcisteᇇ chiseadh sé, sí / gciseadh sé, s퇇 chisimis; chiseadh muid / gcisimis‡‡; gciseadh muid‡‡ chiseadh sibh / gciseadh sibh‡‡ chisidís; chiseadh siad / gcisidís‡‡; gciseadh siad‡‡ a chiseadh /
a gciseadh* 		chistí / gcist퇇
future cisfidh mé;
cisfead 		cisfidh tú;
cisfir† 		cisfidh sé, sí cisfimid;
cisfidh muid 		cisfidh sibh cisfidh siad;
cisfid† 		a chisfidh; a chisfeas /
a gcisfidh* 		cisfear
conditional chisfinn / gcisfinn‡‡ chisfeá / gcisfeᇇ chisfeadh sé, sí / gcisfeadh sé, s퇇 chisfimis; chisfeadh muid / gcisfimis‡‡; gcisfeadh muid‡‡ chisfeadh sibh / gcisfeadh sibh‡‡ chisfidís; chisfeadh siad / gcisfidís‡‡; gcisfeadh siad‡‡ a chisfeadh /
a gcisfeadh* 		chisfí / gcisf퇇
subjunctive present go gcise mé;
go gcisead† 		go gcise tú;
go gcisir† 		go gcise sé, sí go gcisimid;
go gcise muid 		go gcise sibh go gcise siad;
go gcisid† 		— go gcistear
past dá gcisinn dá gcisteá dá gciseadh sé, sí dá gcisimis;
dá gciseadh muid 		dá gciseadh sibh dá gcisidís;
dá gciseadh siad 		— dá gcistí
imperative cisim cis ciseadh sé, sí cisimis cisigí;
cisidh† 		cisidís — cistear
verbal noun ciseadh
past participle ciste

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Alternative forms

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Derived terms

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  • cisí m (“handicapper”)

Descendants

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Mutation

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Mutated forms of cis
radical lenition eclipsis
cis chis gcis

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

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Italian

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing from English cis.

Adjective

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cis (invariable)

  1. cis

Anagrams

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Latin

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Etymology

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From Proto-Italic *ki, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱís (“this”).

Cognate with ce-dō, hi-c, ec-ce, Ancient Greek ἐκεῖνος (ekeînos, “that”), Old Irish cē (“here”), Gothic 𐌷𐌹𐌼𐌼𐌰 (himma, “to this”). More at he, here.

The accusative could be from either the adverbial derivation, a metaphor like in post and ante, or analogy with trāns.

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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cis (+ accusative)

  1. on or to this or the near side of; short of
  2. before

Antonyms

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Derived terms

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References

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  • “cis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “cis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • cis in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • cis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Malay

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Pronunciation

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Interjection

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cis (Jawi spelling چيس)

  1. An expression of anger
  2. ouch (expression in sympathy at another’s pain)
  3. ouch (reply to an insult)

Further reading

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Middle English

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Adjective

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cis

  1. (Early Middle English) Alternative form of chis

Old English

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Pronunciation

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Adjective

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ċīs

  1. Alternative form of ċīes

Declension

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Declension of ċīs — Strong
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative ċīs ċīs ċīs
Accusative ċīsne ċīse ċīs
Genitive ċīses ċīsre ċīses
Dative ċīsum ċīsre ċīsum
Instrumental ċīse ċīsre ċīse
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative ċīse ċīsa, ċīse ċīs
Accusative ċīse ċīsa, ċīse ċīs
Genitive ċīsra ċīsra ċīsra
Dative ċīsum ċīsum ċīsum
Instrumental ċīsum ċīsum ċīsum
Declension of ċīs — Weak
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative ċīsa ċīse ċīse
Accusative ċīsan ċīsan ċīse
Genitive ċīsan ċīsan ċīsan
Dative ċīsan ċīsan ċīsan
Instrumental ċīsan ċīsan ċīsan
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative ċīsan ċīsan ċīsan
Accusative ċīsan ċīsan ċīsan
Genitive ċīsra, ċīsena ċīsra, ċīsena ċīsra, ċīsena
Dative ċīsum ċīsum ċīsum
Instrumental ċīsum ċīsum ċīsum

References

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Polish

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Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl
cis sense 1
cis sense 2

Etymology 1

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tisъ.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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cis m inan (related adjective cisowy)

  2. yew (any tree of the genus Taxus)
  4. yew (wood of the yew)
Declension
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Declension of cis
singular plural
nominative cis cisy
genitive cisa/cisu cisów
dative cisowi cisom
accusative cis cisy
instrumental cisem cisami
locative cisie cisach
vocative cisie cisy
Derived terms
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adjectives
nouns

Etymology 2

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Borrowed from German Cis.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈt͡sis/
  • Rhymes: -is
  • Syllabification: cis

Noun

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cis n (indeclinable)

  1. (music) C-sharp (musical note one semitone higher than a C, notated C♯)

Further reading

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  • cis in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • cis in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • cis in PWN's encyclopedia

Portuguese

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Pronunciation

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  • Rhymes: (Brazil) -is, (Portugal, Rio de Janeiro) -iʃ

Adjective

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cis (invariable)

  1. cis, cisgender

Spanish

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): (Spain) /ˈθis/ [ˈθis]
  • IPA(key): (Latin America, Philippines) /ˈsis/ [ˈsis]
  • Rhymes: -is
  • Syllabification: cis

Adjective

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cis (invariable)

  1. cis, cisgender

Derived terms

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Anagrams

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