compleo

Latin

Alternative forms

conpleō

Etymology

From con- +‎ pleō.

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈkom.ple.oː/, [ˈkɔmpɫ̪eoː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈkom.ple.o/, [ˈkɔmpleo]

Verb

compleō (present infinitive complēre, perfect active complēvī, supine complētum); second conjugation

to fill up, fill full, fill out; make up, complete
Synonyms: impleō, expleō, repleō, suppleō, cumulō, stīpō, imbuō

Antonyms: exhauriō, dēpleō, dēfundō
to cover, overwhelm
to occupy, set up a garrison (military)
Synonyms: occupō, obsideō, possideō, obtineō, capiō, teneō, potior
- 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita I.12:
  inter Palatinum Capitolinumque collem [...] complesset
  occupied the ground between the Palatine Hill and the Capitoline
(with food or drink) to fill, sate; satisfy
to finish, complete
(of a promise) to fulfil

Conjugation

Conjugation of compleō (second conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
indicative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	compleō	complēs	complet	complēmus	complētis	complent
	imperfect	complēbam	complēbās	complēbat	complēbāmus	complēbātis	complēbant
	future	complēbō	complēbis	complēbit	complēbimus	complēbitis	complēbunt
	perfect	complēvī	complēvistī, complēstī¹	complēvit, complēt¹	complēvimus, complēmus¹	complēvistis, complēstis¹	complēvērunt, complēvēre, complērunt¹
	pluperfect	complēveram, complēram¹	complēverās, complērās¹	complēverat, complērat¹	complēverāmus, complērāmus¹	complēverātis, complērātis¹	complēverant, complērant¹
	future perfect	complēverō, complērō¹	complēveris, complēris¹	complēverit, complērit¹	complēverimus, complērimus¹	complēveritis, complēritis¹	complēverint, complērint¹
passive	present	compleor	complēris, complēre	complētur	complēmur	complēminī	complentur
	imperfect	complēbar	complēbāris, complēbāre	complēbātur	complēbāmur	complēbāminī	complēbantur
	future	complēbor	complēberis, complēbere	complēbitur	complēbimur	complēbiminī	complēbuntur
	perfect	complētus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	complētus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	complētus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
subjunctive		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	compleam	compleās	compleat	compleāmus	compleātis	compleant
	imperfect	complērem	complērēs	complēret	complērēmus	complērētis	complērent
	perfect	complēverim, complērim¹	complēverīs, complērīs¹	complēverit, complērit¹	complēverīmus, complērīmus¹	complēverītis, complērītis¹	complēverint, complērint¹
	pluperfect	complēvissem, complēssem¹	complēvissēs, complēssēs¹	complēvisset, complēsset¹	complēvissēmus, complēssēmus¹	complēvissētis, complēssētis¹	complēvissent, complēssent¹
passive	present	complear	compleāris, compleāre	compleātur	compleāmur	compleāminī	compleantur
	imperfect	complērer	complērēris, complērēre	complērētur	complērēmur	complērēminī	complērentur
	perfect	complētus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	complētus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
imperative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	complē	—	—	complēte	—
active	future	—	complētō	complētō	—	complētōte	complentō
passive	present	—	complēre	—	—	complēminī	—
passive	future	—	complētor	complētor	—	—	complentor
non-finite forms		active			passive
non-finite forms		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		complēre	complēvisse, complēsse¹	complētūrum esse	complērī	complētum esse	complētum īrī
participles		complēns	—	complētūrus	—	complētus	complendus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		complendī	complendō	complendum	complendō	complētum	complētū

¹At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

(All having the sense of 'finish, complete')

Italian: compiere
Neapolitan: cùnchiere (Calabria)
Old French: compler
Old Sassarese: clomper
- Sassarese: zompere

Reflexes of an assumed variant *complīre:^[1]

Balkan Romance:
- Romanian: cumpli
Italo-Romance:
- Italian: compìre
- Sicilian: cùnchiri
North Italian:
- Friulian: complî
- Piedmontese: conpì
- Romagnol: ciumpì
- Venetan: conpir
  - →? Friulian: compî
Gallo-Romance:
- Catalan: complir
- Franco-Provençal: compli, camplli
- Old French: complir
  - Middle French: complir
    - → English: comply, complish
- Occitan: complir
Ibero-Romance: (conserv. outcomes of /pl-/)
- Aragonese: complir, cumplir, cumpllir
- Asturian: cumplir
- Old Galician-Portuguese: comprir
  - Galician: cumprir, comprir
  - Portuguese: cumprir
- Old Spanish: cumplir, complir
  - Spanish: cumplir
Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: lompiri (Campidanese)
⇒ Vulgar Latin: *accomplīre
- Catalan: acomplir
- Old French: acomplir
- Occitan: acomplir

References

Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “complere”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 2: C Q K, page 981

^ Grandgent, Charles Hall (1907) An Introduction to Vulgar Latin (Heath's Modern Language Series), D. C. Heath & Company, page 167