cristal

See also: Cristal

English

Adjective

cristal (not comparable)

1. (anatomy) Relating to a crest.

Derived terms

• intercristal

Noun

cristal (countable and uncountable, plural cristals)

1. Obsolete form of crystal.

Anagrams

• Carlist, St Clair, St. Clair, citrals, clairts

Asturian

Noun

cristal m (uncountable)

1. glass (substance)

Synonyms

• vidru, vidriu

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kʁis.tal/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

cristal m (plural cristaux)

1. crystal

Derived terms

• boule de cristal
• cristal de roche
• cristal liquide

Related terms

• cristallerie
• cristallin
• cristalliser
• cristallographie

Descendants

• → Romanian: cristal
• → Turkish: kristal

Further reading

• “cristal”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese cristal (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin crystallum (“crystal, ice”), from Ancient Greek κρύσταλλος (krústallos, “clear ice”), from κρύος (krúos, “frost”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kɾisˈtal/

Noun

cristal m (plural cristais)

1. crystal
   • 1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 436:

     os nomes delas son estes: carbũcolo, sardis, cafil, amatista, berilo, topás, crisólitos, esmeralda, brasmo, rrobj́, calçedonja, cristal

     the names of them are these: carbuncle, sard, sapphire, amethyst, beryl, topaz, chrysolite, emerald, [green quartz], ruby, chalcedony, crystal

2. quartz stone
   • 1348, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 152:

     huas contas huun calçadonyo et trage hua pedrelina preta que trage figura d'angeo engastoada en prata por sinal que andan en liña branqua et andan y cubellas de prata et moytos esterliins por sinal que andan y pedra cristal rredonda moy crara.

     some bead; a chalcedony; and brings a black stone that brings the figure of an angel set in silver, as a signal, that are in a white cord; and there are some silver cups and many sterlings as a signal, and there is a round and very clear quartz stone

3. glass (substance)

   Synonym: vidro

4. glaze

   Synonym: lazo

5. ice formed on the surface of a pool or a river

   Synonym: lazo

Related terms

• cristalino
• cristalografía

References

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “cristal”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “cristal”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “cristal”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “cristal”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “cristal”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Old French

Noun

cristal oblique singular, m (oblique plural cristaus or cristax or cristals, nominative singular cristaus or cristax or cristals, nominative plural cristal)

1. crystal

Descendants

• Middle French: cristal
  • French: cristal
    • → Romanian: cristal
    • → Turkish: kristal
  • → Middle Dutch: cristal, kerstal
    • Dutch: kristal
      • Afrikaans: kristal
      • → Indonesian: kristal

Old Spanish

Etymology

From Latin crystallum, from Ancient Greek κρύσταλλος (krústallos, “ice”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kɾisˈtal/

Noun

cristal m (plural cristales)

1. crystal, glass
   • c. 1200, Almerich, Fazienda de Ultramar, f. 19r:

     […] &́ vieron la gĺa de iſŕl dedios. Como huebra de blácor. &́ de cristal. ⁊ como color de los cielo^s módos […]

     […] and they saw the glory of the God of Israel, like a work of white and crystal, and like the color of realm of the heavens. […]

Descendants

• Ladino: kristal
• Spanish: cristal
  • → Tagalog: kristal

Portuguese

cristal

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese cristal, crestal, from Latin crystallum (“crystal, ice”), from Ancient Greek κρύσταλλος (krústallos, “clear ice”), from κρύος (krúos, “frost”), from Proto-Indo-European *krus-, *kru- (“hard, hard outer surface, crust”).

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /kɾisˈtaw/ [kɾisˈtaʊ̯]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /kɾisˈtaw/ [kɾisˈtaʊ̯]
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /kɾiʃˈtaw/ [kɾiʃˈtaʊ̯]

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /kɾiʃˈtal/ [kɾiʃˈtaɫ]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /kɾiʃˈtal/ [kɾiʃˈtaɫ]
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /kɾiʃˈta.li/

• Rhymes: -al, -aw
• Hyphenation: cris‧tal

Noun

cristal m (plural cristais)

1. crystal

Related terms

• cristalífero
• cristalino
• cristalizar
• cristalóide

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French cristal, from Latin crystallum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /krisˈtal/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -al
• Hyphenation: cris‧tal

Noun

cristal n (plural (sense 1) cristale or (sense 3) cristaluri)

2. crystal (solid whose atoms are ordered)
3. (uncountable) crystal (type of glass)

   Synonym: cleștar (archaic or poetic)

5. (countable) crystal glassware

Declension

	singular			plural
	indefinite	definite		indefinite	definite
nominative-accusative	cristal	cristalul		cristale, cristaluri	cristalele, cristalurile
genitive-dative	cristal	cristalului		cristale, cristaluri	cristalelor, cristalurilor
vocative	—			—

Derived terms

• cristal de stâncă
• cristal lichid
• cristalerie
• cristalic

Related terms

• cristalin
• cristalit
• cristaliza
• cristalografie
• cristaloid

Further reading

• cristal in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Spanish cristal, from Latin crystallum, from Ancient Greek κρύσταλλος (krústallos, “ice”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kɾisˈtal/ [kɾisˈt̪al]
• Rhymes: -al
• Syllabification: cris‧tal

Noun

cristal m (plural cristales)

1. crystal
2. glass, glassware

   Synonym: vidrio

3. window pane
4. (slang) methamphetamine hydrochloride

Derived terms

• acristalar
• armónica de cristal
• bola de cristal
• cristal de roca
• cristalería
• cristalero
• culebra de cristal
• encristalar
• generación de cristal
• limpiacristales
• magia de cristales
• peste cristal
• rana de cristal
• serpiente de cristal
• techo de cristal

 

Related terms

• cristalino
• cristalizar
• cristaloide

 

Descendants

• → Tagalog: kristal

Further reading

• “cristal”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28