dbḥ

See also: dbh

Egyptian

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /ˈtʼaːbaħ/ → /ˈtʼaːbaħ/ → /ˈtʼaːbəħ/ → /ˈtʼoːβəħ/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈtʼaːbaħ/
• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈtʼaːbaħ/
• (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈtʼaːbəħ/
• (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈtʼoːβəħ/

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /dɛbɛh/
  • Conventional anglicization: debeh

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (transitive, Old Egyptian) to need, to require (+ m-ꜥ: from (someone)) [Old Kingdom]
2. (transitive) to ask for, request [since the Old Kingdom]

Inflection

Conjugation of dbḥ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: dbḥ, geminated stem: dbḥḥ

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
dbḥ	dbḥw, dbḥ	dbḥt	dbḥ	dbḥ

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
dbḥ	ḥr dbḥ	m dbḥ	r dbḥ

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	dbḥ.n	dbḥw, dbḥ	consecutive	dbḥ.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	dbḥt
perfective3	dbḥ	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	dbḥ.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	dbḥ	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	dbḥ	dbḥḥ	potentialis1	dbḥ.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	dbḥ	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	dbḥ.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	dbḥ	active + .tj1, .tw2	dbḥ	dbḥ, dbḥw5, dbḥy5
imperfective	dbḥ, dbḥy, dbḥw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	dbḥ, dbḥj6, dbḥy6	dbḥ, dbḥw5
prospective	dbḥ, dbḥtj7	—	dbḥtj4, dbḥt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of dbḥ  

dbḥ

[Pyramid Texts]

Derived terms

• dbḥw
• dbḥt
• dbḥt-ḥtp

Descendants

• Demotic: tbḥ
  • Coptic: ⲧⲱⲃϩ (tōbh)

References

• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926–1961) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache, volumes 439.6–440.1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN