gris

See also: grís and gris'

Asturian

Adjective

gris (epicene, plural grises)

1. grey / gray

Noun

gris m (plural grises)

1. grey / gray

Basque

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish gris.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡris̺/ [ɡris̺]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -is̺
• Hyphenation: gris

Adjective

gris (comparative grisago, superlative grisen, excessive grisegi)

1. gray / grey
2. dreary
3. sad
4. neutral (having an indistinct, disputed or uncertain quality)

Declension

Declension of gris (adjective, ending in consonant)

		indefinite	singular	plural
absolutive		gris	grisa	grisak
ergative		grisek	grisak	grisek
dative		grisi	grisari	grisei
genitive		grisen	grisaren	grisen
comitative		grisekin	grisarekin	grisekin
causative		grisengatik	grisarengatik	grisengatik
benefactive		grisentzat	grisarentzat	grisentzat
instrumental		grisez	grisaz	grisez
inessive	anim.	grisengan	grisarengan	grisengan
	inanim.	grisetan	grisean	grisetan
locative	anim.	—	—	—
	inanim.	grisetako	griseko	grisetako
allative	anim.	grisengana	grisarengana	grisengana
	inanim.	grisetara	grisera	grisetara
terminative	anim.	grisenganaino	grisarenganaino	grisenganaino
	inanim.	grisetaraino	griseraino	grisetaraino
directive	anim.	grisenganantz	grisarenganantz	grisenganantz
	inanim.	grisetarantz	griserantz	grisetarantz
destinative	anim.	grisenganako	grisarenganako	grisenganako
	inanim.	grisetarako	griserako	grisetarako
ablative	anim.	grisengandik	grisarengandik	grisengandik
	inanim.	grisetatik	grisetik	grisetatik
partitive		grisik	—	—
prolative		gristzat	—	—

Noun

gris inan

1. gray / grey

Declension

Declension of gris (inanimate, ending in consonant)

	indefinite	singular	plural
absolutive	gris	grisa	grisak
ergative	grisek	grisak	grisek
dative	grisi	grisari	grisei
genitive	grisen	grisaren	grisen
comitative	grisekin	grisarekin	grisekin
causative	grisengatik	grisarengatik	grisengatik
benefactive	grisentzat	grisarentzat	grisentzat
instrumental	grisez	grisaz	grisez
inessive	grisetan	grisean	grisetan
locative	grisetako	griseko	grisetako
allative	grisetara	grisera	grisetara
terminative	grisetaraino	griseraino	grisetaraino
directive	grisetarantz	griserantz	grisetarantz
destinative	grisetarako	griserako	grisetarako
ablative	grisetatik	grisetik	grisetatik
partitive	grisik	—	—
prolative	gristzat	—	—

See also

Colors in Basque · koloreak (layout · text)

zuri	gris	beltz
gorri	laranja; marroi	hori
	berde
	oztin	urdin
ubel	more	arrosa

Catalan

Etymology

Derived from Frankish *gris.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈɡɾis]

• Audio (Valencia):

  (file)

• Audio (Catalonia):

  (file)

Adjective

gris (feminine grisa, masculine plural grisos, feminine plural grises)

1. grey / gray

Derived terms

• grisalla
• grisejar
• grisenc
• griset
• griseta
• grisós

 

Noun

gris m (plural grisos)

1. grey / gray

See also

Colors in Catalan · colors (layout · text)

blanc	gris	negre
roig, vermell; carmesí	taronja; marró	groc; crema
verd llima	verd
cian; xarxet	atzur	blau
violat; indi	magenta; lila, porpra	rosa

Further reading

• “gris” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “gris”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “gris” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “gris” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Danish

Etymology 1

Derived from Old Norse gríss.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡriːˀs/, [ˈɡ̊ʁiˀs]
• Rhymes: -iːˀs

Noun

gris c (singular definite grisen, plural indefinite grise)

1. pig (a mammal of the family Suidae)

   Synonym: svin

2. pork (meat from a pig)

   Synonyms: grisekød, svin, svinekød

Declension

Declension of gris

common gender	Singular		Plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	gris	grisen	grise	grisene
genitive	gris'	grisens	grises	grisenes

Derived terms

• grise
• grisefest
• grisekød
• pattegris
• sparegris

 

References

• “gris” in Den Danske Ordbog

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɡ̊ʁis]

Verb

gris

1. imperative of grise

Dutch

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

gris

1. inflection of grissen:
   1. first-person singular present indicative
   2. (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
   3. imperative

French

Etymology

Derived from Old French or Old Occitan, both from Frankish *grīs, from Proto-Germanic *grīsaz (“grey”). Akin to Old High German grīs (“grey”) (German greis) and Dutch grijs (“grey”). More at grizzle.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡʁi/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Audio:

  (file)

Adjective

gris (feminine grise, masculine plural gris, feminine plural grises)

1. grey / gray
2. (colloquial) drunk, tipsy
   • 1924, Emmanuel Bove, Mes Amis‎^[1]:

     Si je n’avais pas été gris, je n’aurais certes pas étalé mes papiers. Ils ont dû ennuyer Billard.

     If I hadn't been drunk, I certainly wouldn't have displayed my papers. They must have bored Billard.

Derived terms

• ambre gris
• baleine grise
• bihoreau gris
• chardonneret gris
• crevette grise
• écureuil gris
• éminence grise
• faire grise mine
• gobemouche gris
• griser
• grivette
• la nuit, tous les chats sont gris
• requin gris
• vin gris

 

Noun

gris m (plural gris)

1. gray / grey

Descendants

• → Greek: γκρι (gkri)
• Louisiana Creole: gri
• Mauritian Creole: gri
• → Portuguese: griso
• → Romanian: gri
• Seychellois Creole: gri
• → Turkish: gri

See also

Colors in French · couleurs (layout · text)

blanc	gris	noir
rouge; cramoisi, carmin	orange; brun, marron	jaune; crème
lime	vert	menthe
cyan, turquoise; bleu canard	azur, bleu ciel	bleu
violet, lilas; indigo	magenta; pourpre	rose

Further reading

• “gris”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Galician

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese gris (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Old French gris, from Frankish *grīs, from Proto-Germanic *grīsaz (“grey”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡɾis/ [ˈɡɾis̺]

• IPA^(key): (standard) /ˈɡɾis/ [ˈɡɾis̺]
• IPA^(key): (gheada) /ˈħɾis/ [ˈħɾis̺]

• Rhymes: -is

Adjective

gris

1. grey / gray
2. (archaic, of pelts) of squirrel

Derived terms

• grisallo

References

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “gris”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “gris”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “gris”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “gris”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “gris”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

German Low German

Alternative forms

• gries

Etymology

Cognate with German greis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡriːs/

Adjective

gris

1. (in some dialects) grey / gray

See also

• graag, grau (graug)

Lombard

Etymology

Borrowed from Occitan gris, from Frankish *gris.

Adjective

gris m (feminine grisa)

1. grey / gray

Middle English

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Old Norse gríss, potentially from or related to Proto-Germanic *grīsaz (“grey”).

Alternative forms

• grys, gryce, grice, grise

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡriːs/, /ɡris/

Noun

gris (plural grises)

1. A young pig, grice.
2. pork (the meat of such a pig)
3. A boar.

Descendants

• English: grice (dialectal)
• Scots: grice

References

• “grī̆s, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-04-03.

Etymology 2

Noun

gris (plural grises)

1. Alternative form of grys

Norman

Alternative forms

• gri (Sark)

Etymology

Derived from Old French or Old Occitan, in either case from Proto-Germanic *grēwaz (“grey”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰregʰwos (“grey”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰer- (“to glow, shine”).

Adjective

gris m

1. grey / gray
   • 1903, Edgar MacCulloch, “Proverbs, Weather Sayings, etc.”, in Guernsey Folk Lore‎^[2], page 534:

     Rouage ser, gris matin, ch'est la jouaie du pélerin.

     A red evening and a grey morning are the pilgrim's joy.

2. (Jersey) drunk

   Synonyms: bédé-ouinne, blindé, bragi, bringuesingue, chonmé, en bouaisson, envitoué, gâté d'béthe, ivre, souîn, soûl

Derived terms

• grisi (“to go grey”)

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology 1

Derived from Old Norse gríss.

Noun

gris m (definite singular grisen, indefinite plural griser, definite plural grisene)

1. pig

   Synonym: svin

Derived terms

• grise
• grisunge
• sparegris

 

Etymology 2

Verb

gris

1. imperative of grise

References

• “gris” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

Inherited from Old Norse gríss.

Noun

gris m (definite singular grisen, indefinite plural griser or grisar, definite plural grisene or grisane)

1. pig

   Synonym: svin

Inflection

Historical inflection of gris indefinite singular definite singular indefinite plural definite plural Aasen1 ein Gris Grisen Griser Griserne 1901 griser (grisir) griserne (grisine) 1917 griser grisene 1938 grisar grisane 1986 griser [grisar] grisene [grisane] 2012 (current) ein gris grisen grisar, griser grisane, grisene other grisi grisin Forms in italics are currently considered non-standard. Forms in [brackets] were official, but considered second-tier. Forms in (parentheses) were allowed under Midlandsnormalen. 1Nouns were capitalised for most of the 19th century.

Derived terms

• grise
• grisunge
• sparegris

 

Old French

Etymology

Borrowed from Frankish *grīs, from Proto-Germanic *grīsaz (“grey”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡɾis/

Adjective

gris m (oblique and nominative feminine singular grise)

1. gray / gray

Old Galician-Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Old French gris, from Frankish *grīs, from Proto-Germanic *grīsaz (“grey”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡɾis̺/

Adjective

gris

1. grey / gray (having a colour between white and black)

Descendants

• Galician: gris
• Portuguese: gris

See also

Colors in Old Galician-Portuguese · coores, colores (layout · text)

branco, blanco, alvo	gris	negro, preto
vermelho	castanho	amarelo
	verde
		azur
	cardẽo	rosa

Portuguese

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese gris, from Old French gris, from Proto-Germanic *grīsaz (“grey”).

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɾis/

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɾis/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɾiʃ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɾiʃ/

• Rhymes: (Brazil) -is, (Portugal, Rio de Janeiro) -iʃ
• Hyphenation: gris

Adjective

gris (invariable)

1. grey / gray (having a colour between white and black)

   Synonyms: cinza, cinzento, acinzentado

Related terms

• grisalho

Noun

gris m (uncountable)

1. grey / gray (the colour between white and black)

   Synonym: cinza

See also

Colors in Portuguese · cores (layout · text)

branco, alvo, cândido	cinza, gris, cinzento	preto, negro, atro
vermelho, encarnado, rubro, salmão; carmim	laranja, cor de laranja; castanho, marrom	amarelo, lúteo; creme, ocre
verde-limão	verde	verde-água; verde-menta
ciano, turquesa; azul-petróleo	azul-celeste	azul, índigo, anil
violeta, lilás	magenta; roxo, púrpura	rosa, cor-de-rosa, rosa-choque

Romanian

Noun

gris n (uncountable)

1. Alternative form of griș

Declension

declension of gris (singular only)

	singular
n gender	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) gris	grisul
genitive/dative	(unui) gris	grisului
vocative	grisule

Spanish

Etymology

Derived from Occitan or Old Occitan gris, from Frankish *gris, from Proto-Germanic *grīsaz (“grey”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡɾis/ [ˈɡɾis]

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -is
• Syllabification: gris

Adjective

gris m or f (masculine and feminine plural grises)

1. grey / gray

   materia gris ― grey matter

   zona gris ― grey area

2. boring, dull

   Ella lleva una vida gris.

   She has a dull life.

3. overcast, cloudy

   Hay poca luz porque el día está gris.

   There's little light because the day is overcast.

4. morally ambiguous

   Juan de Galicia es un personaje muy gris.

   Juan de Galicia is a very morally ambiguous character.

   • 1912 April 17, “Aproposito de campanas”, in Salvador Canals, editor, Mundo gráfico: Revista popular ilustrada‎^[3], number 25, page 4:

     ¿qué mucho que abunden tanto las desengañadas, ese tipo de mujer moralmente gris, ni mala ni buena, ociosa é inútil desde el punto de vista social, que da á la Iglesia la beata; á una intelectualidad exacerbada, la feminista, y á la revolución, las fieras que ponen las notas de mayor violencia en las convulsiones populares?

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 1977, La otra opinión: editoriales de El Siglo, Volume 2, Editorial Revista Colombiana, page 164:

     Hay zonas de la administración en que por su índole, porque su campo está demasiado próximo a la delincuencia, la corrupción se presenta al mismo tiempo por abajo y por arriba y se crea esa moral gris de la que hemos hablado, en donde lo ilícito es lo "natural" y sólo se distingue por grados que generalmente van acuerdo con la 164.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 2015, Vicente Palermo, La alegría y la pasión: Relatos brasileños y argentinos en perspectiva comparada, Katz, page 133:

     Aunque el jeitinho es siempre un instrumento que posibilita la quiebra de las reglas (de modo particularista), el problema es que ante asimetrias sociales y leyes que no se pueden cambiar, el jeitinho es una adaptación, equivale a una zona moral gris entre lo “correcto” y lo “incorrecto”.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 2020, Serna Dimas Adrián, Poética de la tierra caliente: Hecho colonial, mitología nacional y violencia en la cuenca media del río Magdalena, Colombia, Editorial Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, page 388:

     León es un personaje gris: es un defensor de que la mina es sagrada porque es del Gobierno, es un estricto persecutor de quienes pretenden asaltarla, pero igualmente.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 2021, Silvia Magro Vela, Belén Puebla Martínez, Nuria Navarro Sierra, editors, Ficcionando sinergias. Los profesionales se buscan en la ficción televisiva española, Editorial Dykinson, page 94:

     Asi, junto al heroico abogado defensor del inocente y al artero defensor del culpable, ha aparecido el personaje gris de moral autonoma —cuestionable, si se quiere, pero real— que puede llegar a convertirse en protagonista.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 2022, César Augusto Pires Torres, Vivencias cantadas en prosas y relatos, Editorial Autores de Argentina, page 116:

     Ese es el que bebe de tu vaso el agua cristalina que con su sentir lo convierte en turbia y el personaje extremo, nunca sabe como va a jugar ese personaje gris, o si lo sabe y no se juega. Porque para él su jugada no es blanca ni oscura, es el gris y entonces aparecen sus actitudes educadas que se llaman hipocresia. Y el estudio de su diagnéstico certero puede consumirte afios de vida, porque siempre hace que juega el papel del correcto y correctamente hipécrita.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Derived terms

• agrisar
• aliso gris
• ámbar gris
• ballena gris
• chorlito gris
• grisura
• lirón gris
• magia gris
• materia gris
• pedrete gris
• sustancia gris
• zorra gris
• zorro gris

 

Descendants

• → Basque: gris

Noun

gris m (plural grises)

1. grey / gray

See also

Colors in Spanish · colores (layout · text)

blanco	gris	negro
rojo; carmín, carmesí	naranja, anaranjado; marrón	amarillo; crema
lima	verde	menta
cian, turquesa; azul-petróleo	celeste, cerúleo	azul
violeta; añil, índigo	magenta; morado, púrpura	rosa, rosado

Further reading

• “gris”, in Diccionario de la lengua española (in Spanish), 23rd edition, Royal Spanish Academy, 2014 October 16

Swedish

grisar som vältrar sig i lera [pigs wallowing in mud]

Etymology

Inherited from Old Norse gríss.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡriːs/

• Audio (Gotland):

  (file)

Noun

gris c

1. pig (a mammal of the genus Sus)

   Synonym: svin

   Grisens ungar kallas (gris)kultingar / spädgrisar

   Baby pigs ["the pig's young" – calling animals bebisar (“babies”) is unidiomatic in Swedish] are called piglets

2. a nasty or dirty person

   Synonym: (leans more toward contemptible jerk) svin

   Du är en riktig gris.

   You are such a pig.

3. (slang, derogatory) a pig (cop, police officer)

   Synonyms: snut, byling, polis

4. (slang, derogatory, in the singular definite "grisen") the pigs (the police, collectively)

   Synonyms: aina, farbror blå, bängen, snuten, bylingen, polisen

Declension

Declension of gris

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	gris	gris
	definite	grisen	grisens
plural	indefinite	grisar	grisars
	definite	grisarna	grisarnas

Derived terms

• grisaktig
• grisblod
• grisfarm
• grisfest
• grisfoder
• grisfot
• grishuvud
• griskotlett
• griskulting
• griskött
• grismat
• grisskär
• grisstia
• gristryne
• grisuppfödning
• grisöga
• grisögd
• grisöra
• gullegris
• kelgris
• lortgris
• lyckogris
• mansgris
• sminka en gris
• spädgris

 

Related terms

• grisa
• griseri
• grisig

 

See also

• galt
• gylta
• kulting
• nöff
• so
• sugga
• svinstia
• vildsvin
• vårtsvin

 

References

• gris in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• gris in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• gris in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Tok Pisin

Etymology

Derived from English grease.

Noun

gris

1. lipid (oil, fat, grease, etc.)
2. flattery
   • 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Jenesis 3:1:

     God, Bikpela i bin wokim olgeta animal, tasol i no gat wanpela bilong ol inap winim snek long tok gris. Na snek i askim meri olsem, “Ating God i tambuim yutupela long kaikai pikinini bilong olgeta diwai bilong gaden, a?”

     →New International Version translation

Related terms

• grisim

Welsh

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle English grece, from Old French grez, plural of gré, from Latin gradus. Doublet of gradd.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡriːs/

Noun

gris f or m (plural grisiau)

1. step, stair

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
gris	ris	ngris	unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.