hedera

See also: Hedera and hederá

English

Wikispecies

Etymology

From the genus name Hedera, in turn from Latin hedera (“ivy”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈhɛ.də.ɹə/

Noun

hedera (plural hederas)

1. (horticulture) Any Old World ivy of the genus Hedera
   • 2007 March 8, Jan Benzel, “Philadelphia Calls Off Winter for a Week”, in New York Times‎^[1]:

     The American Ivy Society hewed closely to the theme, exhibiting only hederas that come from Ireland or have an Irish name.

Related terms

• hederaceous
• hederal

Anagrams

• Hardee, adhere, header, heared, rehead

Latin

Alternative forms

• edera

Etymology

Unknown. One hypothesis derives it from Proto-Italic *hedezā, from earlier *xedezā, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰed-es-eh₂, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰed- (“to seize, grasp, take”), which is the same source as Latin *hendō in prehendō and Ancient Greek χανδάνω (khandánō, “to get, grasp”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈhe.de.ra/, [ˈhɛd̪ɛrä]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈe.de.ra/, [ˈɛːd̪erä]

Noun

hedera f (genitive hederae); first declension

1. ivy
   • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 3.767:

     Cūr hederā cīncta est? Hedera est grātissima Bacchō.

     Why has she been crowned with ivy? Ivy is most pleasing to Bacchus.
     (Sacerdos Liberi, elderly priestesses, wore ivy wreaths honoring Pater Liber – also known as Bacchus or the Greek Dionysus – during the ancient Roman festival of Liberalia.)

Declension

First-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	hedera	hederae
genitive	hederae	hederārum
dative	hederae	hederīs
accusative	hederam	hederās
ablative	hederā	hederīs
vocative	hedera	hederae

Derived terms

• hederāceus
• hederātus
• hederiger
• hederōsus

Descendants

• Balkan Romance:
  • Aromanian: eadirã, eadiri, iadiră
  • Megleno-Romanian: jadiră
  • Romanian: iederă
• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: edera
  • Sicilian: èdira, ètira
  • →? Maltese: liedna
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: edora, edola, edera
• North Italian:
  • Friulian: èdare, jêre
  • Gallo-Italic:
    • Emilian: lèdra, lèdria
    • Piedmontese: edra, lédra
  • Romansch: edra
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Franco-Provençal: ira
  • Old French: ierre
    • French: lierre m
    • Norman: hierre
    • Picard: ierre
• Occitano-Romance:
  • Catalan: heura, edra
  • Gascon: ièira, gèira, gèdra
  • Occitan: èdra
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Aragonese: liedra
  • Asturian: hiedra, yedra
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: edra
    • Galician: hedra
    • Portuguese: hera
  • Spanish: hiedra, yedra
• Vulgar Latin:
  • *elena
    • Italo-Romance:
      • Neapolitan: ènnela
    • North Italian:
      • Gallo-Italic:
        • Lombard: irna, ergna
      • Ladin: èlena
      • Venetan: ènera, èrena, èrna
    • Occitano-Romance:
      • Languedocien: èuna
      • Limousin: leuna
  • *elera
    • Dalmatian:
      • jalara
    • Italo-Romance:
      • Italian: ellera, lellera, lillera, lellara
    • North Italian:
      • Gallo-Italic:
        • Emilian: èrla
        • Ligurian: léloa, êloa, êlora, éleja, lèlera
        • Romagnol: èrla, arla, lèlar, rèlar, élar, rèla
      • Friulian: elare
      • Istriot: ilara
      • Ladin: elora
      • Romansch: eller
      • Venetan: èłera
    • Occitano-Romance:
      • Gascon: ilura
      • Occitan: elra, eura
• Borrowings:
  • → Esperanto: hedero

References

• Buchi, Éva, Schweickard, Wolfgang (2008–) “*/ˈɛder-a/”, in Dictionnaire Étymologique Roman, Nancy: Analyse et Traitement Informatique de la Langue Française.

Further reading

• “hedera”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “hedera”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• hedera in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• hedera in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.