rama

See also: Appendix:Variations of "rama"

Languages (30)

Anguthimri • Azerbaijani • Balinese • Bavarian • Chavacano • French • Galician • Garo • Hausa • Indonesian • Italian • Javanese • Kashubian • Malay • Maltese • Maori • Old High German • Old Polish • Pitjantjatjara • Polish • Portuguese • Rapa Nui • Romanian • Romansch • Sicilian • Slovene • Spanish • Sundanese • Swedish • Veps

Page categories

Anguthimri

Adjective

rama

(Mpakwithi) empty

References

Terry Crowley, The Mpakwithi dialect of Anguthimri (1981), page 188

Azerbaijani

Etymology

From Russian ра́ма (ráma).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈrɑmɑ]
Hyphenation: ra‧ma

Noun

rama (definite accusative ramanı, plural ramalar)

frame (structural elements of a building, bicycle, or other constructed object)

Declension

Declension of rama
	singular	plural
nominative	rama	ramalar
definite accusative	ramanı	ramaları
dative	ramaya	ramalara
locative	ramada	ramalarda
ablative	ramadan	ramalardan
definite genitive	ramanın	ramaların

Possessive forms of rama
	nominative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	ramam	ramalarım
sənin (“your”)	raman	ramaların
onun (“his/her/its”)	raması	ramaları
bizim (“our”)	ramamız	ramalarımız
sizin (“your”)	ramanız	ramalarınız
onların (“their”)	raması or ramaları	ramaları
	accusative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	ramamı	ramalarımı
sənin (“your”)	ramanı	ramalarını
onun (“his/her/its”)	ramasını	ramalarını
bizim (“our”)	ramamızı	ramalarımızı
sizin (“your”)	ramanızı	ramalarınızı
onların (“their”)	ramasını or ramalarını	ramalarını
	dative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	ramama	ramalarıma
sənin (“your”)	ramana	ramalarına
onun (“his/her/its”)	ramasına	ramalarına
bizim (“our”)	ramamıza	ramalarımıza
sizin (“your”)	ramanıza	ramalarınıza
onların (“their”)	ramasına or ramalarına	ramalarına
	locative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	ramamda	ramalarımda
sənin (“your”)	ramanda	ramalarında
onun (“his/her/its”)	ramasında	ramalarında
bizim (“our”)	ramamızda	ramalarımızda
sizin (“your”)	ramanızda	ramalarınızda
onların (“their”)	ramasında or ramalarında	ramalarında
	ablative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	ramamdan	ramalarımdan
sənin (“your”)	ramandan	ramalarından
onun (“his/her/its”)	ramasından	ramalarından
bizim (“our”)	ramamızdan	ramalarımızdan
sizin (“your”)	ramanızdan	ramalarınızdan
onların (“their”)	ramasından or ramalarından	ramalarından
	genitive
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	ramamın	ramalarımın
sənin (“your”)	ramanın	ramalarının
onun (“his/her/its”)	ramasının	ramalarının
bizim (“our”)	ramamızın	ramalarımızın
sizin (“your”)	ramanızın	ramalarınızın
onların (“their”)	ramasının or ramalarının	ramalarının

Balinese

Romanization

rama

Romanization of ᬭᬵᬫ

Bavarian

Alternative forms

raman

Etymology

From Middle High German rūmen, from Old High German rūmen, from Proto-West Germanic *rūmijan, from Proto-Germanic *rūmijaną, derived from *rūmaz.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈrama/, [ˈrɑmɑ]
Hyphenation: ra‧ma

Verb

rama (past participle gramt)

to clear
to vacate
to evacuate

Conjugation

Conjugation of rama

infinitive	rama
	present tense	past tense	subjunctive
1st person sing.	ram	-	ramad
2nd person sing.	ramst	-	ramadst
3rd person sing.	ramt	-	ramad
1st person plur.	rama	-	ramadn
2nd person plur.	ramts	-	ramads
3rd person plur.	rama	-	ramadn

imperative sing.	ram
imperative plur.	ramts

past participle	gramt

Derived terms

Chavacano

Etymology

Inherited from Spanish rama (“branch”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈrama/, [ˈra.ma]
Hyphenation: ra‧ma

Noun

rama

branch

French

Pronunciation

Audio: (file)

Verb

rama

third-person singular past historic of ramer

Anagrams

arma

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese rama (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), a collective from ramo, from Latin ramus.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈramɐ]

Noun

rama f (plural ramas)

branch
- 1336, M. Lucas Alvarez & M. J. Justo Martín (eds.), Fontes documentais da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Pergameos da serie Bens do Arquivo Histórico Universitario (Anos 1237-1537). Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 157:
  con suas casas, casâês, chantados, jures, perteenças et dereituras per rama et per colmo et per terra
  with its houses, farmhouses, plantations, rights, belongings and limits, by branch and thatch and earth [in medieval Galician it was customary that the seller would give a branch, thatch and earth taken from the sold property to the buyer, as symbol of the transference of the property]
Synonyms: galla, póla, varelo
foliage
A rama da pataca usábase durante a guerra como substitutivo do tabaco.
During the Spanish Civil War, potato foliage was used as a substitute of tobacco.

Synonyms: ramallada, ramaxe
field, branch, discipline

Related terms

References

Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “rama”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “rama”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “rama”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “rama”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “rama”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Garo

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *lam (“road”).

Noun

rama

road, way, path
means

Synonyms

sorok

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

rama

to spread (so that the object(s) dry in the sun)

Hausa

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɽá.màː/
- (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA^(key): [ɽə́.màː]

Noun

ramā̀ f (possessed form ramàr̃)

hemp, jute

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɽàː.má/
- (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA^(key): [ɽàː.mə́]

Noun

rā̀ma f (possessed form rā̀mar̃)

emaciation

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay rama, from Classical Malay rama.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈrama]
Hyphenation: ra‧ma

Noun

rama (first-person possessive ramaku, second-person possessive ramamu, third-person possessive ramanya)

(Java) father.
Synonym: bapak
title conferred on an adult male
Synonym: bapak
(Catholicism) standard spelling of romo (“priest”).

Italian

Verb

rama

inflection of ramare:
1. third-person singular present indicative
2. second-person singular imperative

Anagrams

amar, arma, marà

Javanese

Romanization

rama

Romanization of ꦫꦩ

Kashubian

FWOTD – 20 February 2024

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈra.ma/
Rhymes: -ama
Syllabification: ra‧ma

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Polish rama.

Noun

rama f (diminutive ramka)

frame (connected strips surrounding a mirror, picture or glass)
frame (main structural element of a vehicle to which other parts are attached)
frame (rectangular object made of strips or tubing used to hold something in place)

Declension

Declension of rama

	singular	plural
nominative	rama	ramë
genitive	ramë	ram/ramów
dative	ramie	ramóm
accusative	ramã	ramë
instrumental	ramą	ramama
locative	ramie	ramach
vocative	rama/ramò	ramë

Etymology 2

Borrowed from German Ramme.^[1] Compare German Rammklotz for the semantic shift.

Noun

rama f (diminutive ramka)

(figurative) obese woman
old cow

Declension

Declension of rama

	singular	plural
nominative	rama	ramë
genitive	ramë	ram/ramów
dative	ramie	ramóm
accusative	ramã	ramë
instrumental	ramą	ramama
locative	ramie	ramach
vocative	rama/ramò	ramë

References

^ Wiesław Boryś, Hanna Popowska-Taborska (1994) “ramca”, in Słownik etymologiczny Kaszubszczyzny, volume 4, →ISBN, page 171

Malay

Etymology

From Old Javanese rāma (“father”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *da-amax (“father”), from Proto-Austronesian *ama-h (“father”).

Pronunciation

(Johor-Selangor) IPA^(key): /ramə/
(Riau-Lingga) IPA^(key): /rama/
Rhymes: -amə, -mə, -ə

Noun

rama (Jawi spelling راما, plural rama-rama, informal 1st possessive ramaku, 2nd possessive ramamu, 3rd possessive ramanya)

father (male parent)

Synonyms

bapa (bapanda, bapai, bapak, bapang, baba, papa)
abah (aba, bah)
ayah (ayahanda, aya, yah)

Maltese

Root
r-m-j (arm)
2 terms

Alternative forms

arma

Etymology

Borrowed from Sicilian armari. Sense 3 is from Arabic رَمَعَ (ramaʕa).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈra.ma/

Verb

rama (imperfect jarma, past participle armat, verbal noun armar)

(transitive) to arm (to supply with armour or weapons)
(reflexive) to arm oneself; to become armed
Rama ruħu ― He armed himself
(followed by the imperfect) to begin, to start
Alternative form: rama’
(transitive) to contain, to hold inside
(transitive) to furnish, to equip
(transitive) to harness (to place a harness on something)

Conjugation

Conjugation of rama
		singular			plural
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
perfect	m	rmajt	rmajt	rama	rmajna	rmajtu	rmaw
perfect	f	rmajt	rmajt	rmat	rmajna	rmajtu	rmaw
imperfect	m	narma	tarma	jarma	narmaw	tarmaw	jarmaw
imperfect	f	narma	tarma	tarma	narmaw	tarmaw	jarmaw
imperative			arma			armaw

Related terms

Maori

Etymology 1

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian (compare Indonesian damar).

Noun

rama

torch
light

Etymology 2

From English rum.

Noun

rama

rum

Old High German

Alternative forms

ram m or f

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *hramu (“frame, support”).

Noun

rama f

support

Descendants

> Middle High German: rame, ram (inherited)
- Alemannic German: Ramme
- German: Rahmen m, Ramen, Rahme, Rame (obsolete)
  - → Czech: rám
  - → Romanian: ramă
  - → Russian: рама (rama)
- Luxembourgish: Rumm
- Vilamovian: raom
- → Old Polish: rama, ram
  - Polish: rama
    - → Belarusian: ра́ма (ráma)
    - → Kashubian: rama
    - → Russian: ра́ма (ráma)
      - → Azerbaijani: rama
      - → Ingush: рама (rama)
      - → Yakut: араама (araama)
    - → Ukrainian: ра́ма (ráma)
  - Silesian: rama, rōma

Old Polish

Alternative forms

ram

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle High German rame. First attested in 1394.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /ra(ː)ma/
IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /rama/, /rɒma/

Noun

rama f

(attested in Lesser Poland) frame (device consisting of wooden or metal boards or strips rigidly connected at their ends)
- 1879-1920 [1461], Sprawozdania Komisji do Badania Historii Sztuki w Polsce‎^[2], volume V, Krakow, page XXIX:
  Pro rami seu fenestralia membranarum
  [Pro ramy seu fenestralia membranarum]
- 1450, Piotr z Uścia, Rozariusz kapitulny, Ujście: Archiwum i Biblioteki Krakowskiej Kapituły Katedralnej, sygn. Ms 224, page 81r:
  Expansale dicitur illud cum quo pannus expanditur sev extenditur proprie rami circa textores uel pravydlo circa sartores
  [Expansale dicitur illud cum quo pannus expanditur sev extenditur proprie ramy circa textores uel pravydlo circa sartores]

Descendants

Polish: rama
- → Belarusian: ра́ма (ráma)
- → Kashubian: rama
- → Russian: ра́ма (ráma)
  - → Azerbaijani: rama
  - → Ingush: рама (rama)
  - → Yakut: араама (araama)
- → Ukrainian: ра́ма (ráma)
Silesian: rama, rōma

References

Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “rama”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
Mańczak, Witold (2017) “rama”, in Polski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, →ISBN
Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “rama”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego (in Polish)
B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “rama”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
Ewa Deptuchowa, Mariusz Frodyma, Katarzyna Jasińska, Magdalena Klapper, Dorota Kołodziej, Mariusz Leńczuk, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, editors (2023), “rama”, in Rozariusze z polskimi glosami. Internetowa baza danych (in Polish), Kraków: Pracownia Języka Staropolskiego Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk

Pitjantjatjara

Adjective

rama

mad
crazy

Polish

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:

rama

Wikipedia ^pl

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish rama. Compare German Rahmen.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈra.ma/

(Middle Polish) IPA^(key): /ˈrɒ.ma/

Audio: (file)
Rhymes: -ama
Syllabification: ra‧ma

Noun

rama f (diminutive ramka)

frame (connected strips surrounding a mirror, picture or glass)
frame (main structural element of a vehicle to which other parts are attached)
1. crossbar (tube of a bicycle frame)
frame (rectangular object made of strips or tubing used to hold something in place)
frame (specific conventional limit of something)
(obsolete) package containing 250 matchboxes
(obsolete) edge (outside most part of something, particularly of fabric)

Declension

Declension of rama

	singular	plural
nominative	rama	ramy
genitive	ramy	ram
dative	ramie	ramom
accusative	ramę	ramy
instrumental	ramą	ramami
locative	ramie	ramach
vocative	ramo	ramy

Derived terms

noun

antyrama

Descendants

→ Belarusian: ра́ма (ráma)
→ Kashubian: rama
→ Russian: ра́ма (ráma)
- → Azerbaijani: rama
- → Ingush: рама (rama)
- → Yakut: араама (araama)
→ Ukrainian: ра́ма (ráma)

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), rama is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 15 times in scientific texts, 23 times in news, 28 times in essays, 2 times in fiction, and 1 time in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 69 times, making it the 935th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.^[1]

References

^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “rama”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (in Polish), volume 2, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 483

Portuguese

Pronunciation

(Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈʁɐ̃.mɐ/ [ˈhɐ̃.mɐ]
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ˈʁɐ̃.mɐ/ [ˈχɐ̃.mɐ]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈʁɐ.ma/ [ˈhɐ.ma]

(Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈʁɐ.mɐ/
- (Northern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈʁa.mɐ/

Rhymes: (Portugal) -ɐmɐ, (Brazil) -ɐ̃mɐ
Hyphenation: ra‧ma

Noun

rama f (plural ramas)

foliage

Rapa Nui

Noun

rama

torch

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French ramer.

Verb

a rama (third-person singular present ramează, past participle ramat) 1st conj.

(intransitive) to row

Conjugation

conjugation of rama (first conjugation, -ez- infix)

number		singular			plural
infinitive			a rama
gerund			ramând
past participle			ramat
person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		eu	tu	el/ea	noi	voi	ei/ele
	present	ramez	ramezi	ramează	ramăm	ramați	ramează
	imperfect	ramam	ramai	rama	ramam	ramați	ramau
	simple perfect	ramai	ramași	ramă	ramarăm	ramarăți	ramară
	pluperfect	ramasem	ramaseși	ramase	ramaserăm	ramaserăți	ramaseră
subjunctive		eu	tu	el/ea	noi	voi	ei/ele
subjunctive	present	să ramez	să ramezi	să rameze	să ramăm	să ramați	să rameze
imperative		—	tu	—	—	voi	—
	affirmative		ramează			ramați
	negative		nu rama			nu ramați

Romansch

Etymology

From a Germanic language (compare German Rahmen).

Noun

rama m (plural ramas)

(Sursilvan) frame, framework

Alternative forms

rom (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Vallader)
ram (Puter)

Sicilian

Alternative forms

ramu (italianized)

Etymology

Inherited from Vulgar Latin rāma.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈʐa.ma/ (Standard)
IPA^(key): /ˈɾa.ma/ (Weakened)
Hyphenation: rà‧ma

Noun

rama f (plural rami)

branch (woody part of a tree arising from the trunk and usually dividing)
(figuratively) offshoot (that which develops from something else)

Derived terms

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *òrmę.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ràːma/

Noun

ráma f

shoulder (joint between arm and torso)

Inflection

The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.

Feminine, a-stem
nom. sing.	ráma
gen. sing.	ráme
	singular	dual	plural
nominative (imenovȃlnik)	ráma	rámi	ráme
genitive (rodȋlnik)	ráme	rám	rám
dative (dajȃlnik)	rámi	rámama	rámam
accusative (tožȋlnik)	rámo	rámi	ráme
locative (mẹ̑stnik)	rámi	rámah	rámah
instrumental (orọ̑dnik)	rámo	rámama	rámami

Spanish

Etymology

From ramo.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈrama/ [ˈra.ma]
Audio (Colombia): (file)
Rhymes: -ama
Syllabification: ra‧ma

Noun

rama f (plural ramas)

branch (woody part of a tree arising from the trunk and usually dividing)
(figuratively) offshoot (that which develops from something else)
Synonym: vástago

Derived terms

Anagrams

amar
arma

Sundanese

Romanization

rama

Romanization of ᮛᮙ

Swedish

Etymology

From ram (“frame”) +‎ -a.

Verb

rama (present ramar, preterite ramade, supine ramat, imperative rama)

(transitive) to frame (put a frame around)
(transitive, Scania, Malmö) to give somebody a lift on a bicycle

Conjugation

Conjugation of rama (weak)

	Active		Passive
Infinitive	rama		ramas
Supine	ramat		ramats
Imperative	rama		—
Imper. plural¹	ramen		—
	Present	Past	Present	Past
Indicative	ramar	ramade	ramas	ramades
Ind. plural¹	rama	ramade	ramas	ramades
Subjunctive²	rame	ramade	rames	ramades
	Participles
Present participle	ramande
Past participle	ramad
¹ Archaic. ² Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

Related terms

Adjective

rama (not comparable)

Only used in rena rama

References

rama in Svensk ordbok (SO)
rama in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
rama in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
“’Ska jag rama dig?’”, in Språket i P1‎^[3], Sveriges Radio, 2016 June 7, retrieved 14 April 2020

Anagrams

aram., arma, mara

Veps

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

rama

frame

Inflection

Inflection of rama (inflection type 5/sana)
nominative sing.	rama
genitive sing.	raman
partitive sing.	ramad
partitive plur.	ramoid
	singular	plural
nominative	rama	ramad
accusative	raman	ramad
genitive	raman	ramoiden
partitive	ramad	ramoid
essive-instructive	raman	ramoin
translative	ramaks	ramoikš

inessive	ramas	ramoiš
elative	ramaspäi	ramoišpäi
illative	ramaha	ramoihe

adessive	ramal	ramoil
ablative	ramalpäi	ramoilpäi
allative	ramale	ramoile

abessive	ramata	ramoita
comitative	ramanke	ramoidenke
prolative	ramadme	ramoidme

approximative I	ramanno	ramoidenno
approximative II	ramannoks	ramoidennoks
egressive	ramannopäi	ramoidennopäi

terminative I	ramahasai	ramoihesai
terminative II	ramalesai	ramoilesai
terminative III	ramassai	—

additive I	ramahapäi	ramoihepäi
additive II	ramalepäi	ramoilepäi

References

Zajceva, N. G., Mullonen, M. I. (2007) “оправа”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ‎^[4], Petrozavodsk: Periodika

[1] Wiesław Boryś, Hanna Popowska-Taborska (1994) “ramca”, in Słownik etymologiczny Kaszubszczyzny, volume 4, →ISBN, page 171

[2] Ida Kurcz (1990) “rama”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (in Polish), volume 2, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 483

[1]

[1]

rama

Anguthimri

Adjective

References

Azerbaijani

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Further reading

Balinese

Romanization

Bavarian

Alternative forms

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Derived terms

Chavacano

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

French

Pronunciation

Verb

Anagrams

Galician

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Related terms

References

Garo

Etymology 1

Noun

Synonyms

Etymology 2

Verb

Hausa

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

Indonesian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Further reading

Italian

Verb

Anagrams

Javanese

Romanization

Kashubian

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Declension

Etymology 2

Noun

Declension

References

Further reading

Malay

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Synonyms

Further reading

Maltese

Alternative forms

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Related terms

Maori