ran

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ran"

English

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɹæn/
Audio (US): (file)
Rhymes: -æn

Etymology 1

Verb

ran

simple past of run
simple past of rin
(nonstandard, colloquial) past participle of run
- 1731, Philippus van Limborch, translated by Samuel Chandler, The History of the Inquisition‎^[1], volume 1, page 231:
  […] rather to convince the Underſtanding, than to be eaſily capable of being anſwered ; excuſing your ſelf that you have ran into an Error, ſo foreign as you have declared from your Intention, […]
- 1837, William Keary, Romanism exposed; or, Strictures on two lectures […] ‎^[2], Goddard and Brown, page 6:
  " Heretics and schismatics, because they rebel against her, and only belong to the church, as deserters to an army from which they have ran away ; […]
- 2012 March 5, Helen Summer, Running Crazy‎^[3], John Blake Publishing, →ISBN, page 209:
  I’ve ran this event many times but in the year 2000, when we were running over the Bodmin Moor part of the course, it lashed down with large, freezing-cold hailstones.

Etymology 2

Noun

ran (uncountable)

(nautical) Yarns coiled on a spun-yarn winch.

Anagrams

Arn, NRA, Nar, RNA

Alemannic German

Adjective

ran

(Uri) lanky, slender

References

Abegg, Emil, (1911) Die Mundart von Urseren (Beiträge zur Schweizerdeutschen Grammatik. IV.) [The Dialect of Urseren], Frauenfeld, Switzerland: Huber & Co., page 63.

Arop-Lokep

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /rɑn/, [ˈrɑn]

Noun

ran

water

Catalan

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈran]

Adverb

ran

Alternative form of arran

Chuukese

Noun

ran

day, daylight

Czech

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈran]

Noun

ran

genitive plural of rána

Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse rán.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /raːn/, [ʁɑːˀn]

Noun

ran n (singular definite ranet, plural indefinite ran)

open theft

Inflection

Declension of *ran*
neuter gender	singular		plural
neuter gender	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	ran	ranet	ran	ranene
genitive	rans	ranets	rans	ranenes

Verb

ran

imperative of rane

German

Etymology

Shortened form of heran.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ʁan]
Audio: (file)
Rhymes: -an
Homophone: rann

Adverb

ran

(colloquial) near, close to, over to

Related terms

see list in raus

Gilbertese

Noun

ran

water

References

Thomas Edward Dutton, Darrell T. Tryon, Language Contact and Change in the Austronesian World (1994)

Haitian Creole

Etymology

From French rang.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɣã/

Noun

ran

row, line
rank, position

References

Targète, Jean and Urciolo, Raphael G. Haitian Creole-English dictionary (1993; →ISBN)

Japanese

Romanization

ran

Rōmaji transcription of らん

Karnai

Noun

ran

water

Malasanga

Noun

ran

water

Mandarin

Romanization

ran

Nonstandard spelling of rán.
Nonstandard spelling of rǎn.

Usage notes

Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Namakura

Noun

ran

water

References

Malcolm Ross, Andrew Pawley et Meredith Osmond (eds), The lexicon of Proto-Oceanic: The physical environment, Pacific Linguistics, 545-2. Australian National University, Canberra, 2003, page 59

Norwegian Bokmål

Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:

ran

Wikipedia ^no

Etymology 1

From Old Norse rán.

Noun

ran n (definite singular ranet, indefinite plural ran, definite plural rana or ranene)

a robbery

Derived terms

bankran

Related terms

rane

Etymology 2

Verb

ran

imperative of rane

References

“ran” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:

ran

Wikipedia ⁿⁿ

Etymology

From Old Norse rán.

Noun

ran n (definite singular ranet, indefinite plural ran, definite plural rana)

a robbery

Derived terms

bankran

References

“ran” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old English

Alternative forms

rēna

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /rɑːn/

Noun

rān n (nominative plural rān)

unlawful seizure of property; robbery

Declension

Strong a-stem:

	singular	plural
nominative	rān	rān
accusative	rān	rān
genitive	rānes	rāna
dative	rāne	rānum

References

Joseph Bosworth, edited by T. Northcote Toller, An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1882
T. Northcote Toller, An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary: Supplement, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1921

Old Tupi

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *ran, from Proto-Tupian *ran.

Adjective

ran (noun form rana)

Declension

Declension of ran (consonant ending) (See Appendix:Old Tupi adjectives)

Note: not all forms are attested, most of the table is reconstructed based on known patterns.

Deadjectivals
Causative	moran
-ba'e	i ranyba'e
-sab(a)	randaba
	Singular		Singular & Plural	Plural
	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person exclusive	1^st person inclusive	2^nd person
Adjectival forms
Active
Indicative	xe ran	nde ran	i ran	oré ran	îandé ran	pe ran
Imperative		nde ran				pe ran
Permissive	ta xe ran	ta nde ran	t'i ran	t'oré ran	t'îandé ran	ta pe ran
Negative indicative	na xe rani	na nde rani	n'i rani	n'oré rani	n'îandé rani	na pe rani
Negative imperative		nde ran umẽ				pe ran umẽ
Negative permissive	ta xe ran umẽ	ta nde ran umẽ	t'i ran umẽ	t'oré ran umẽ	t'îandé ran umẽ	ta pe ran umẽ
Gerund
Affirmative	xe ranamo	nde ranamo	o ranamo	oré ranamo	îandé ranamo	pe ranamo
Negative	xe rane'ymamo	nde rane'ymamo	o rane'ymamo	oré rane'ymamo	îandé rane'ymamo	pe rane'ymamo
Nominal forms
Infinitive
Affirmative	rana
Negative	rane'yma
Circumstantial
Affirmative	same as gerund¹
Affirmative	xe rani²		i rani²	oré rani²	îandé rani²
Negative	same as gerund¹
Negative	xe rane'ymi²		i rane'ymi²	oré rane'ymi²	îandé rane'ymi²
¹South Tupi ²North Tupi

Derived terms

References

Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2013) “rana”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, page 427, column 1

Polish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈran/
Rhymes: -an
Syllabification: ran

Noun

ran f

genitive plural of rana

Noun

ran n

genitive plural of rano

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ranъ (Russian ра́нний (ránnij), Polish rano).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /râːn/
Rhymes: -âːn

Adjective

rȃn (Cyrillic spelling ра̑н, definite rȃnī, comparative rànijī)

early
Antonym: kȁsan
premature

Declension

positive indefinite forms
singular		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		ran	rana	rano
genitive		rana	rane	rana
dative		ranu	ranoj	ranu
accusative	inanimate animate	ran rana	ranu	rano
vocative		ran	rana	rano
locative		ranu	ranoj	ranu
instrumental		ranim	ranom	ranim

plural		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		rani	rane	rana
genitive		ranih	ranih	ranih
dative		ranim(a)	ranim(a)	ranim(a)
accusative		rane	rane	rana
vocative		rani	rane	rana
locative		ranim(a)	ranim(a)	ranim(a)
instrumental		ranim(a)	ranim(a)	ranim(a)

positive definite forms
singular		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		rani	rana	rano
genitive		ranog(a)	rane	ranog(a)
dative		ranom(u/e)	ranoj	ranom(u/e)
accusative	inanimate animate	rani ranog(a)	ranu	rano
vocative		rani	rana	rano
locative		ranom(e/u)	ranoj	ranom(e/u)
instrumental		ranim	ranom	ranim

plural		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		rani	rane	rana
genitive		ranih	ranih	ranih
dative		ranim(a)	ranim(a)	ranim(a)
accusative		rane	rane	rana
vocative		rani	rane	rana
locative		ranim(a)	ranim(a)	ranim(a)
instrumental		ranim(a)	ranim(a)	ranim(a)

comparative forms
singular		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		raniji	ranija	ranije
genitive		ranijeg(a)	ranije	ranijeg(a)
dative		ranijem(u)	ranijoj	ranijem(u)
accusative	inanimate animate	raniji ranijeg(a)	raniju	ranije
vocative		raniji	ranija	ranije
locative		ranijem(u)	ranijoj	ranijem(u)
instrumental		ranijim	ranijom	ranijim

plural		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		raniji	ranije	ranija
genitive		ranijih	ranijih	ranijih
dative		ranijim(a)	ranijim(a)	ranijim(a)
accusative		ranije	ranije	ranija
vocative		raniji	ranije	ranija
locative		ranijim(a)	ranijim(a)	ranijim(a)
instrumental		ranijim(a)	ranijim(a)	ranijim(a)

superlative forms
singular		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		najraniji	najranija	najranije
genitive		najranijeg(a)	najranije	najranijeg(a)
dative		najranijem(u)	najranijoj	najranijem(u)
accusative	inanimate animate	najraniji najranijeg(a)	najraniju	najranije
vocative		najraniji	najranija	najranije
locative		najranijem(u)	najranijoj	najranijem(u)
instrumental		najranijim	najranijom	najranijim

plural		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		najraniji	najranije	najranija
genitive		najranijih	najranijih	najranijih
dative		najranijim(a)	najranijim(a)	najranijim(a)
accusative		najranije	najranije	najranija
vocative		najraniji	najranije	najranija
locative		najranijim(a)	najranijim(a)	najranijim(a)
instrumental		najranijim(a)	najranijim(a)	najranijim(a)

References

“ran”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *ranъ.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ráːn/

Adjective

rȃn (comparative ránejši, superlative nȁjránejši)

early

Inflection

The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.

Hard
	masculine	feminine	neuter
nom. sing.	rán	rána	ráno
singular
	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	rán ^ind ráni ^def	rána	ráno
genitive	ránega	ráne	ránega
dative	ránemu	ráni	ránemu
accusative	nominative^inan or genitive^anim	ráno	ráno
locative	ránem	ráni	ránem
instrumental	ránim	ráno	ránim
dual
	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	rána	ráni	ráni
genitive	ránih	ránih	ránih
dative	ránima	ránima	ránima
accusative	rána	ráni	ráni
locative	ránih	ránih	ránih
instrumental	ránima	ránima	ránima
plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	ráni	ráne	rána
genitive	ránih	ránih	ránih
dative	ránim	ránim	ránim
accusative	ráne	ráne	rána
locative	ránih	ránih	ránih
instrumental	ránimi	ránimi	ránimi

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English run.

Noun

ran

To run
- 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Jenesis 2:14:
  Nem bilong namba 3 wara em Taigris na em i ran i go long hap sankamap bilong kantri Asiria. Na nem bilong namba 4 wara em Yufretis.
  →New International Version translation

Ulau-Suain

Noun

ran

water

References

Stephen Adolphe Wurm, New Guinea Area Languages and Language Study (1976)

Vietnamese

Etymology

Attested in Phật thuyết đại báo phụ mẫu ân trọng kinh (佛說大報父母恩重經) as 波散 (MC pa sanX) (modern SV: ba tản).

Pronunciation

(Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [zaːn˧˧]
(Huế) IPA^(key): [ʐaːŋ˧˧]
(Saigon) IPA^(key): [ɹaːŋ˧˧]

Verb

ran

to resound; to spread widely

Welsh

Noun

ran

Soft mutation of rhan.

Mutation

Mutated forms of *rhan*
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
rhan	ran	unchanged	unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Welsh Romani

Noun

ran f

rod, wand
fishing rod

Derived terms

References

“ran” in Welsh Romani-English Dictionary, ROMLEX – the Romani Lexicon Project, 2000.

English

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Verb

Etymology 2

Noun

See also

Anagrams

Alemannic German

Adjective

References

Arop-Lokep

Pronunciation

Noun

Further reading

Catalan

Pronunciation

Adverb

See also

Chuukese

Noun

Czech

Pronunciation

Noun

Danish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Inflection

Verb

German

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adverb

Related terms

Further reading

Gilbertese

Noun

References

Haitian Creole

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

References

Japanese

Romanization

Karnai

Noun

Further reading

Malasanga

Noun

Further reading

Mandarin

Romanization

Usage notes

Namakura

Noun

References

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology 1

Noun

Derived terms

Related terms

Etymology 2

Verb

References

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

Noun

Derived terms

References

Old English

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

References

Old Tupi

Etymology

Adjective