rostir

See also: rôtir

Catalan

Etymology

Via Old French rostir (“to roast”) from Frankish *rōstjan (“to roast”), from Proto-Germanic *raustijaną (“to roast”), from Proto-Indo-European *reus- (“to crackle, roast”). Compare Spanish rostir, French rôtir and Italian arrostire.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [rusˈti]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [rosˈtiɾ]

Verb

rostir (first-person singular present rosteixo, first-person singular preterite rostí, past participle rostit)

1. to roast
2. (pronominal) to turn brown due to frost damage (of vegetation)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of rostir (third conjugation, with -eix-)

infinitive			rostir
gerund			rostint
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		rostit		rostida
		plural		rostits		rostides
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	rosteixo	rosteixes	rosteix	rostim	rostiu	rosteixen
	imperfect	rostia	rosties	rostia	rostíem	rostíeu	rostien
	future	rostiré	rostiràs	rostirà	rostirem	rostireu	rostiran
	preterite	rostí	rostires	rostí	rostírem	rostíreu	rostiren
	conditional	rostiria	rostiries	rostiria	rostiríem	rostiríeu	rostirien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	rosteixi	rosteixis	rosteixi	rostim	rostiu	rosteixin
	imperfect	rostís	rostissis	rostís	rostíssim	rostíssiu	rostissin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	rosteix	rosteixi	rostim	rostiu	rosteixin
	negative (no)	—	no rosteixis	no rosteixi	no rostim	no rostiu	no rosteixin

Derived terms

• rostida
• rostidor
• rostilló
• rostiment
• rostit

 

Related terms

• rostisseria

Further reading

• “rostir” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

Middle French

Verb

rostir

1. Alternative form of roustir

Occitan

Etymology

From Frankish *rōstjan (“to roast”), from Proto-Germanic *raustijaną (“to roast”), from Proto-Indo-European *reus- (“to crackle, roast”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rusˈti/

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

rostir (transitive)

1. to roast

Old French

Etymology

From Frankish *rōstjan (“to roast”), from Proto-West Germanic *raustijan (“to roast”), from Proto-Indo-European *reus- (“to crasckle, roast”). Cognate with Old High German rōsten (“to roast”), Middle Dutch roosten (“to roast”). More at roast.

Verb

rostir

1. to roast (specifically, to cook on an open fire)
2. to torture by subjecting to fire

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a second-group verb (ending in -ir, with an -iss- infix). Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of rostir (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		rostir			avoir rosti
gerund		en rostissant			gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle		rostissant
past participle		rosti
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	il	nos	vos	il
simple tenses	present	rostis	rostis	rostist	rostissons	rostissez	rostissent
	imperfect	rostissoie, rostisseie	rostissoies, rostisseies	rostissoit, rostisseit	rostissiiens, rostissiens	rostissiiez, rostissiez	rostissoient, rostisseient
	preterite	rosti	rostis	rosti	rostimes	rostistes	rostirent
	future	rostirai	rostiras	rostira	rostirons	rostiroiz, rostireiz, rostirez	rostiront
	conditional	rostiroie, rostireie	rostiroies, rostireies	rostiroit, rostireit	rostiriiens, rostiriens	rostiriiez, rostiriez	rostiroient, rostireient
compound tenses	present perfect	present tense of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	preterite tense of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future tense of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que tu	qu’il	que nos	que vos	qu’il
simple tenses	present	rostisse	rostisses	rostisse	rostissons	rostissez	rostissent
	imperfect	rostisse	rostisses	rostist	rostissons, rostissiens	rostissoiz, rostissez, rostissiez	rostissent
compound tenses	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos	vos	–
		—	rostis	—	rostissons	rostissez	—

Descendants

• English: roast
• French: rôtir
• → Galician: rustrir

References

• Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IX^e au XV^e siècle (1881) (rostir, supplement)
• Etymology and history of “rôtir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Old French rostir, of Germanic origin, from Frankish *hraustjan, *rōstjan (“to roast”), from Proto-West Germanic *raustijan, see also Old High German rôsten (modern German rösten).

Verb

rostir (first-person singular present rosto, first-person singular preterite rostí, past participle rostido)

1. to roast

Conjugation

    Conjugation of rostir (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			rostir
gerund			rostiendo
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		rostido		rostida
		plural		rostidos		rostidas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	rosto	rostestú rostísvos	roste	rostimos	rostís	rosten
	imperfect	rostía	rostías	rostía	rostíamos	rostíais	rostían
	preterite	rostí	rostiste	rostió	rostimos	rostisteis	rostieron
	future	rostiré	rostirás	rostirá	rostiremos	rostiréis	rostirán
	conditional	rostiría	rostirías	rostiría	rostiríamos	rostiríais	rostirían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	rosta	rostastú rostásvos2	rosta	rostamos	rostáis	rostan
	imperfect (ra)	rostiera	rostieras	rostiera	rostiéramos	rostierais	rostieran
	imperfect (se)	rostiese	rostieses	rostiese	rostiésemos	rostieseis	rostiesen
	future1	rostiere	rostieres	rostiere	rostiéremos	rostiereis	rostieren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		rostetú rostívos	rosta	rostamos	rostid	rostan
	negative		no rostas	no rosta	no rostamos	no rostáis	no rostan

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

Further reading

• “rostir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28

Venetan

Etymology

From Old French rostir, of Germanic origin, from Frankish *hraustjan, *rōstjan (“to roast”), from Proto-West Germanic *raustijan. Compare Italian arrostire; also Old High German rôsten (modern German rösten).

Verb

rostir

1. (transitive) to roast

Conjugation

• Venetan conjugation varies from one region to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.

Conjugation of rostir (third conjugation)

infinitive	rostir
auxiliary verb		aver	gerund		rosténdo
past participle		rostito, rostìo
person	singular			plural
	first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	mi	ti	eło / eła	noialtri / noialtre	voialtri / voialtre	łuri / łore
present	rostiso	(te) rostisi	(el/ła) rostise	rostimo	rostì	(i/łe) rostise
imperfect	rostìa	(te) rostivi	(el/ła) rostìa	rostìvimo	rostivi	(i/łe) rostìa
future	rostirò	(te) rostirè	(el/ła) rostirà	rostirémo	rostirè	(i/łe) rostirà
conditional	mi	ti	eło / eła	noialtri / noialtre	voialtri / voialtre	łuri / łore
present	rostirìa	(te) rostirisi	(el/ła) rostirìa	rostirìsimo	rostirisi	(i/łe) rostirìa
subjunctive	che mi	che ti	che eło / eła	che noialtri / noialtre	che voialtri / voialtre	che łuri / łore
present	rostisa	(te) rostisi	(el/ła) rostisa	rostimo	rostì	(i/łe) rostisa
imperfect	rostise	(te) rostisi	(el/ła) rostise	rostisimo	rostisi	(i/łe) rostise
imperative	—	ti	eło / eła	noialtri / noialtre	voialtri / voialtre	łuri / łore
	—	(te) rostisi	(el/ła) rostisa	rostimo	rostì	(i/łe) rostisa