tuntea

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Finnish

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *tuntëdak, from Proto-Uralic *tumte-. Cognates include Estonian tundma, Northern Sami dovdat, Hungarian tud.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈtunteɑˣ/, [ˈt̪un̪t̪e̞ɑ̝(ʔ)]
  • Rhymes: -unteɑ
  • Syllabification(key): tun‧te‧a

Verb

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tuntea

  1. (transitive) to feel, sense (sense by touch)
    tuntea pisto sydämessään ― to feel a sudden sense of guilt (literally, “to feel a sting in one's heart”)
    Tunnetko sykkeen?
    Do/Can you feel the heartbeat?
  2. (transitive, usually atelic) to feel (experience an emotion or other mental state)
    tuntea kipua ― to feel pain
    tuntea surua ― to feel sad
    tuntea pelkoa ― to feel fear
    tuntea iloa ― to feel happy
    tuntea janoa ― to feel thirsty
  3. (transitive) to feel (experience an emotion or other mental state (about))
    Tunnen itseni terveeksi.
    I feel (myself) healthy.
  4. (transitive) to know, be familiar with (implying deeper and more personal knowledge of someone, see the usage notes below)
    Tunnetko ketään, joka osaisi auttaa?
    Do you know anyone who could help?
  5. (transitive) to recognize, sense the identity of
    Synonym: tunnistaa
    Tunsin sinut heti äänestä.
    I recognized you right away by your voice.

Usage notes

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  • (to know): The English verb "to know" can be translated into Finnish with either tietää or tuntea. The difference is that tietää usually expresses superficial knowledge about something, e.g. knowledge that the thing in question exists, whereas tuntea expresses more personal, subjective, detailed or deeper knowledge.
    Tiedän hänet, mutta en tunne häntä.
    I know her (by name), but I don't know her (personally).

Conjugation

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Inflection of tuntea (Kotus type 59*J/tuntea, nt-nn gradation)
indicative mood
present tense perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. tunnen en tunne 1st sing. olen tuntenut en ole tuntenut
2nd sing. tunnet et tunne 2nd sing. olet tuntenut et ole tuntenut
3rd sing. tuntee ei tunne 3rd sing. on tuntenut ei ole tuntenut
1st plur. tunnemme emme tunne 1st plur. olemme tunteneet emme ole tunteneet
2nd plur. tunnette ette tunne 2nd plur. olette tunteneet ette ole tunteneet
3rd plur. tuntevat eivät tunne 3rd plur. ovat tunteneet eivät ole tunteneet
passive tunnetaan ei tunneta passive on tunnettu ei ole tunnettu
past tense pluperfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. tunsin en tuntenut 1st sing. olin tuntenut en ollut tuntenut
2nd sing. tunsit et tuntenut 2nd sing. olit tuntenut et ollut tuntenut
3rd sing. tunsi ei tuntenut 3rd sing. oli tuntenut ei ollut tuntenut
1st plur. tunsimme emme tunteneet 1st plur. olimme tunteneet emme olleet tunteneet
2nd plur. tunsitte ette tunteneet 2nd plur. olitte tunteneet ette olleet tunteneet
3rd plur. tunsivat eivät tunteneet 3rd plur. olivat tunteneet eivät olleet tunteneet
passive tunnettiin ei tunnettu passive oli tunnettu ei ollut tunnettu
conditional mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. tuntisin en tuntisi 1st sing. olisin tuntenut en olisi tuntenut
2nd sing. tuntisit et tuntisi 2nd sing. olisit tuntenut et olisi tuntenut
3rd sing. tuntisi ei tuntisi 3rd sing. olisi tuntenut ei olisi tuntenut
1st plur. tuntisimme emme tuntisi 1st plur. olisimme tunteneet emme olisi tunteneet
2nd plur. tuntisitte ette tuntisi 2nd plur. olisitte tunteneet ette olisi tunteneet
3rd plur. tuntisivat eivät tuntisi 3rd plur. olisivat tunteneet eivät olisi tunteneet
passive tunnettaisiin ei tunnettaisi passive olisi tunnettu ei olisi tunnettu
imperative mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. — — 1st sing. — —
2nd sing. tunne älä tunne 2nd sing. — —
3rd sing. tuntekoon älköön tunteko 3rd sing. olkoon tuntenut älköön olko tuntenut
1st plur. tuntekaamme älkäämme tunteko 1st plur. — —
2nd plur. tuntekaa älkää tunteko 2nd plur. — —
3rd plur. tuntekoot älkööt tunteko 3rd plur. olkoot tunteneet älkööt olko tunteneet
passive tunnettakoon älköön tunnettako passive olkoon tunnettu älköön olko tunnettu
potential mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. tuntenen en tuntene 1st sing. lienen tuntenut en liene tuntenut
2nd sing. tuntenet et tuntene 2nd sing. lienet tuntenut et liene tuntenut
3rd sing. tuntenee ei tuntene 3rd sing. lienee tuntenut ei liene tuntenut
1st plur. tuntenemme emme tuntene 1st plur. lienemme tunteneet emme liene tunteneet
2nd plur. tuntenette ette tuntene 2nd plur. lienette tunteneet ette liene tunteneet
3rd plur. tuntenevat eivät tuntene 3rd plur. lienevät tunteneet eivät liene tunteneet
passive tunnettaneen ei tunnettane passive lienee tunnettu ei liene tunnettu
Nominal forms
infinitives participles
active passive active passive
1st tuntea present tunteva tunnettava
long 1st1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st tunteakseni tunteaksemme
2nd tunteaksesi tunteaksenne
3rd tunteakseen
tunteaksensa
past tuntenut tunnettu
2nd inessive2 tuntiessa tunnettaessa agent4 tuntema
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st tuntiessani tuntiessamme
2nd tuntiessasi tuntiessanne
3rd tuntiessaan
tuntiessansa
negative tuntematon
instructive tuntien —
1) Used only with a possessive suffix.

2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).

4) Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.
3rd inessive tuntemassa —
elative tuntemasta —
illative tuntemaan —
adessive tuntemalla —
abessive tuntematta —
instructive tunteman tunnettaman
4th3 verbal noun tunteminen
5th1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st tuntemaisillani tuntemaisillamme
2nd tuntemaisillasi tuntemaisillanne
3rd tuntemaisillaan
tuntemaisillansa

Derived terms

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adjectives
nouns
verbs

Further reading

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Anagrams

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