tonus

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See also: tónus

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin tonus (“strain, tension”). Doublet of tone.

Noun

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tonus (countable and uncountable, plural tonuses or toni)

  1. (biology) tonicity; tone
    muscular tonus
    • 1942, Myrtle Gladys Scott, Analysis of Human Motion: A Textbook in Kinesiology, page 51:
      The amount of stretch possible increases with the range in the joint and decreases with the cross section of the muscle and the amount of tonus or contraction in these antagonists .
    • 1956, Personal character and cultural milieu: a collection of readings:
      Dr. H. S. Sullivan, for example, is known to many for his acute understanding of the postural tonuses of his patients.
    • 1964, Vasillĭ Vasilʹevich Parin, ‎F. Z. Myerson, An Outline of the Clinical Physiology of the Circulation, page 210:
      At the same time, from the vasomotor point of view the artrioles are an extremely active part of the vascular bed , and every important change in the peripheral resistance is traceable to a corresponding change in the tonus of the arterioles .
  2. A tonal system or mode used in Gregorian chant.
    • 2021, Irene Caiazzo, ‎Constantinos Macris, ‎Aurélien Robert, Brill's Companion to the Reception of Pythagoras and Pythagoreanism in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, page 69:
      Aurelian associates antiphons and toni of the plain chant, so that the octave-based Pythagorean scale is exemlified by means of the liturgical chant, with the outstanding consequence that church music becomes the sounding representation of the harmony of the spherese and of human beings.

Anagrams

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Finnish

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Etymology

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Latin tonus

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈtonus/, [ˈt̪o̞nus̠]
  • Rhymes: -onus
  • Hyphenation(key): to‧nus

Noun

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tonus

  1. (medicine) Synonym of jänteys

Declension

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Inflection of tonus (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation)
nominative tonus tonukset
genitive tonuksen tonusten
tonuksien
partitive tonusta tonuksia
illative tonukseen tonuksiin
singular plural
nominative tonus tonukset
accusative nom. tonus tonukset
gen. tonuksen
genitive tonuksen tonusten
tonuksien
partitive tonusta tonuksia
inessive tonuksessa tonuksissa
elative tonuksesta tonuksista
illative tonukseen tonuksiin
adessive tonuksella tonuksilla
ablative tonukselta tonuksilta
allative tonukselle tonuksille
essive tonuksena tonuksina
translative tonukseksi tonuksiksi
abessive tonuksetta tonuksitta
instructive — tonuksin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of tonus (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative tonukseni tonukseni
accusative nom. tonukseni tonukseni
gen. tonukseni
genitive tonukseni tonusteni
tonuksieni
partitive tonustani tonuksiani
inessive tonuksessani tonuksissani
elative tonuksestani tonuksistani
illative tonukseeni tonuksiini
adessive tonuksellani tonuksillani
ablative tonukseltani tonuksiltani
allative tonukselleni tonuksilleni
essive tonuksenani tonuksinani
translative tonuksekseni tonuksikseni
abessive tonuksettani tonuksittani
instructive — —
comitative — tonuksineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative tonuksesi tonuksesi
accusative nom. tonuksesi tonuksesi
gen. tonuksesi
genitive tonuksesi tonustesi
tonuksiesi
partitive tonustasi tonuksiasi
inessive tonuksessasi tonuksissasi
elative tonuksestasi tonuksistasi
illative tonukseesi tonuksiisi
adessive tonuksellasi tonuksillasi
ablative tonukseltasi tonuksiltasi
allative tonuksellesi tonuksillesi
essive tonuksenasi tonuksinasi
translative tonukseksesi tonuksiksesi
abessive tonuksettasi tonuksittasi
instructive — —
comitative — tonuksinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative tonuksemme tonuksemme
accusative nom. tonuksemme tonuksemme
gen. tonuksemme
genitive tonuksemme tonustemme
tonuksiemme
partitive tonustamme tonuksiamme
inessive tonuksessamme tonuksissamme
elative tonuksestamme tonuksistamme
illative tonukseemme tonuksiimme
adessive tonuksellamme tonuksillamme
ablative tonukseltamme tonuksiltamme
allative tonuksellemme tonuksillemme
essive tonuksenamme tonuksinamme
translative tonukseksemme tonuksiksemme
abessive tonuksettamme tonuksittamme
instructive — —
comitative — tonuksinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative tonuksenne tonuksenne
accusative nom. tonuksenne tonuksenne
gen. tonuksenne
genitive tonuksenne tonustenne
tonuksienne
partitive tonustanne tonuksianne
inessive tonuksessanne tonuksissanne
elative tonuksestanne tonuksistanne
illative tonukseenne tonuksiinne
adessive tonuksellanne tonuksillanne
ablative tonukseltanne tonuksiltanne
allative tonuksellenne tonuksillenne
essive tonuksenanne tonuksinanne
translative tonukseksenne tonuksiksenne
abessive tonuksettanne tonuksittanne
instructive — —
comitative — tonuksinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative tonuksensa tonuksensa
accusative nom. tonuksensa tonuksensa
gen. tonuksensa
genitive tonuksensa tonustensa
tonuksiensa
partitive tonustaan
tonustansa 		tonuksiaan
tonuksiansa
inessive tonuksessaan
tonuksessansa 		tonuksissaan
tonuksissansa
elative tonuksestaan
tonuksestansa 		tonuksistaan
tonuksistansa
illative tonukseensa tonuksiinsa
adessive tonuksellaan
tonuksellansa 		tonuksillaan
tonuksillansa
ablative tonukseltaan
tonukseltansa 		tonuksiltaan
tonuksiltansa
allative tonukselleen
tonuksellensa 		tonuksilleen
tonuksillensa
essive tonuksenaan
tonuksenansa 		tonuksinaan
tonuksinansa
translative tonuksekseen
tonukseksensa 		tonuksikseen
tonuksiksensa
abessive tonuksettaan
tonuksettansa 		tonuksittaan
tonuksittansa
instructive — —
comitative — tonuksineen
tonuksinensa

French

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin tonus. Doublet of ton, an earlier borrowing.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /tɔ.nys/
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

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tonus m (plural tonus)

  1. muscle tone, tonicity, tonus
  2. (by extension) energy, strength
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Further reading

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Latin

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

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From Ancient Greek τόνος (tónos, “tone”), from Proto-Hellenic *tónos, from Proto-Indo-European *tón-os, from *ten- (“stretch”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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tonus m (genitive tonī); second declension

  1. The stretching or straining of a rope.
  2. (by extension) A strain; tension.
  3. (figuratively) The pitch, sound or tone of something.
  4. (figuratively) A crack of thunder.

Declension

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Second-declension noun.

singular plural
nominative tonus tonī
genitive tonī tonōrum
dative tonō tonīs
accusative tonum tonōs
ablative tonō tonīs
vocative tone tonī

Descendants

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See also

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References

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  • “tonus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • tonus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • tonus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from French tonus.

Noun

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tonus n (plural tonusuri)

  1. muscle tone
  2. tonus

Declension

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singular plural
+ indefinite article + definite article + indefinite article + definite article
nominative/accusative (un) tonus tonusul (niște) tonusuri tonusurile
genitive/dative (unui) tonus tonusului (unor) tonusuri tonusurilor
vocative tonusule tonusurilor
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