आम

See also: आंम, आमा, and आम्

Bhojpuri

Etymology

From Sanskrit आम्र (āmrá).

Noun

आम (ām) m (Kaithi 𑂄𑂧)

1. mango

Hindi

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /ɑːm/, [ä̃ːm]

Etymology 1

Inherited from Sanskrit आम्र (āmrá).

Noun

आम • (ām) m (Urdu spelling آم)

1. mango

Declension

Declension of आम (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	आम ām	आम ām
oblique	आम ām	आमों āmõ
vocative	आम ām	आमो āmo

Descendants

• → Pashto: ام (am)
• → Persian:
  • Dari: آم (ām)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic عَامّ (ʕāmm). Compare Bengali আম (am), Punjabi ਆਮ (ām).

Adjective

आम • (ām) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling عام)

1. common, everyday

   आम आदमी ― ām ādmī ― common man

2. innocent

Alternative forms

• आम्म (āmm)

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Sanskrit आम (āmá).

Adjective

आम • (ām) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling آم)

1. raw, uncooked
2. undigested
3. undressed

Old Gujarati

Adverb

आम • (āma)

1. thus

Descendants

• Gujarati: આમ (āma)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• আম (Assamese script)
• ᬆᬫ (Balinese script)
• আম (Bengali script)
• 𑰁𑰦 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀆𑀫 (Brahmi script)
• အာမ (Burmese script)
• આમ (Gujarati script)
• ਆਮ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌆𑌮 (Grantha script)
• ꦄꦴꦩ (Javanese script)
• 𑂄𑂧 (Kaithi script)
• ಆಮ (Kannada script)
• អាម (Khmer script)
• ອາມ (Lao script)
• ആമ (Malayalam script)
• ᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠮᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘁𑘦 (Modi script)
• ᠠᢗᠮᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦡𑧆 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐁𑐩 (Newa script)
• ଆମ (Odia script)
• ꢃꢪ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆄𑆩 (Sharada script)
• 𑖁𑖦 (Siddham script)
• ආම (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩐𑩛𑩴 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚁𑚢 (Takri script)
• ஆம (Tamil script)
• ఆమ (Telugu script)
• อาม (Thai script)
• ཨཱ་མ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒂𑒧 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨀𑨊𑨢 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₃mós (“raw, uncooked”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ὠμός (ōmós, “raw, crude, uncooked, undressed”), Old Armenian հում (hum, “raw, uncooked”), Old Irish om (“raw, uncooked”), Persian خام (xâm, “crude, raw”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɑː.mɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈɑː.mɐ/

Adjective

आम • (āmá) stem

1. raw, uncooked, unbaked, undressed
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.162.10:

     यदूवध्यमुदरस्यापवाति य आमस्य क्रविषो गन्धो अस्ति ।
     सुकृता तच्छमितारः कृण्वन्तूत मेधं शृतपाकं पचन्तु ॥

     yadūvadhyamudarasyāpavāti ya āmasya kraviṣo gandho asti.
     sukṛtā tacchamitāraḥ kṛṇvantūta medhaṃ śṛtapākaṃ pacantu.

     Undigested food steaming from [the horse's] belly, and any remaining odour of raw flesh,
     This let the immolators set in order and dress the sacrifice with perfect cooking.

2. unripe, immature

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of आम (āmá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	आमः āmáḥ	आमौ / आमा¹ āmaú / āmā́¹	आमाः / आमासः¹ āmā́ḥ / āmā́saḥ¹
Vocative	आम ā́ma	आमौ / आमा¹ ā́mau / ā́mā¹	आमाः / आमासः¹ ā́māḥ / ā́māsaḥ¹
Accusative	आमम् āmám	आमौ / आमा¹ āmaú / āmā́¹	आमान् āmā́n
Instrumental	आमेन āména	आमाभ्याम् āmā́bhyām	आमैः / आमेभिः¹ āmaíḥ / āmébhiḥ¹
Dative	आमाय āmā́ya	आमाभ्याम् āmā́bhyām	आमेभ्यः āmébhyaḥ
Ablative	आमात् āmā́t	आमाभ्याम् āmā́bhyām	आमेभ्यः āmébhyaḥ
Genitive	आमस्य āmásya	आमयोः āmáyoḥ	आमानाम् āmā́nām
Locative	आमे āmé	आमयोः āmáyoḥ	आमेषु āméṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of आमा (āmā́)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	आमा āmā́	आमे āmé	आमाः āmā́ḥ
Vocative	आमे ā́me	आमे ā́me	आमाः ā́māḥ
Accusative	आमाम् āmā́m	आमे āmé	आमाः āmā́ḥ
Instrumental	आमया / आमा¹ āmáyā / āmā́¹	आमाभ्याम् āmā́bhyām	आमाभिः āmā́bhiḥ
Dative	आमायै āmā́yai	आमाभ्याम् āmā́bhyām	आमाभ्यः āmā́bhyaḥ
Ablative	आमायाः / आमायै² āmā́yāḥ / āmā́yai²	आमाभ्याम् āmā́bhyām	आमाभ्यः āmā́bhyaḥ
Genitive	आमायाः / आमायै² āmā́yāḥ / āmā́yai²	आमयोः āmáyoḥ	आमानाम् āmā́nām
Locative	आमायाम् āmā́yām	आमयोः āmáyoḥ	आमासु āmā́su
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of आम (āmá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	आमम् āmám	आमे āmé	आमानि / आमा¹ āmā́ni / āmā́¹
Vocative	आम ā́ma	आमे ā́me	आमानि / आमा¹ ā́māni / ā́mā¹
Accusative	आमम् āmám	आमे āmé	आमानि / आमा¹ āmā́ni / āmā́¹
Instrumental	आमेन āména	आमाभ्याम् āmā́bhyām	आमैः / आमेभिः¹ āmaíḥ / āmébhiḥ¹
Dative	आमाय āmā́ya	आमाभ्याम् āmā́bhyām	आमेभ्यः āmébhyaḥ
Ablative	आमात् āmā́t	आमाभ्याम् āmā́bhyām	आमेभ्यः āmébhyaḥ
Genitive	आमस्य āmásya	आमयोः āmáyoḥ	आमानाम् āmā́nām
Locative	आमे āmé	आमयोः āmáyoḥ	आमेषु āméṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “आम”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 146/1-2.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen‎^[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 170
• Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University