倭
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]倭 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+8, 10 strokes, cangjie input 人竹木女 (OHDV), four-corner 22244, composition ⿰亻委)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 109, character 6
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 796
- Dae Jaweon: page 232, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 179, character 8
- Unihan data for U+502D
- Shuowen Jiezi: volume 15, page 46, character 18
Chinese
[edit]| trad. | 倭 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 倭 | |
Glyph origin
[edit]| Historical forms of the character 倭 |
|---|
s05700 Transcribed ancient scripts L34578 |
|
References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qoːl, *qoːlʔ, *qrol) : semantic 人 + phonetic 委 (OC *qrol, *qrolʔ).
Etymology 1
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Various theories suggest that 倭 was influenced by Old Japanese 我 (wa, “I, me”) or referring to the practice of bowing among the ancient Japanese.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): wo1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): vô
- Eastern Min (BUC): uŏ
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): e / oe
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1u
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄨㄛ
- Tongyong Pinyin: wo
- Wade–Giles: wo1
- Yale: wō
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: uo
- Palladius: во (vo)
- Sinological IPA (key): /wɔ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: wo1
- Yale: wō
- Cantonese Pinyin: wo1
- Guangdong Romanization: wo1
- Sinological IPA (key): /wɔː⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vô
- Hakka Romanization System: voˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: vo1
- Sinological IPA: /vo²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: uŏ
- Sinological IPA (key): /uo⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- e - vernacular;
- oe - literary.
- Middle Chinese: 'wa
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*qoːl/
Definitions
[edit]倭
- (historical, now derogatory) Japan; Yamato
- (in some animal names) dwarf; pygmy
- 倭蛙 ― wōwā ― Nanorana pleskei
- 倭河馬／倭河马 ― wōhémǎ ― pygmy hippopotamus
- 倭黑猩猩 ― wōhēixīngxīng ― bonobo; pygmy chimpanzee
Synonyms
[edit]- (Japan):
Compounds
[edit]See also
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄨㄟ
- Tongyong Pinyin: wei
- Wade–Giles: wei1
- Yale: wēi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: uei
- Palladius: вэй (vɛj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /weɪ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: wai1 / wai2
- Yale: wāi / wái
- Cantonese Pinyin: wai1 / wai2
- Guangdong Romanization: wei1 / wei2
- Sinological IPA (key): /wɐi̯⁵⁵/, /wɐi̯³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Middle Chinese: 'jwe
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*qrol/
Definitions
[edit]倭
- Used in 倭遲／倭迟, alternative form of 逶迤 (wēiyí, “winding; meandering”)
Etymology 3
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄨㄛˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: wǒ
- Wade–Giles: wo3
- Yale: wǒ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: woo
- Palladius: во (vo)
- Sinological IPA (key): /wɔ²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: wo2
- Yale: wó
- Cantonese Pinyin: wo2
- Guangdong Romanization: wo2
- Sinological IPA (key): /wɔː³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Middle Chinese: 'waX
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*qoːlʔ/
Definitions
[edit]倭
- Only used in 倭墮髻／倭堕髻 (wǒduòjì, “a hairstyle for women that was popular during the Han Dynasty in which the hair was gathered up in a lopsided bun”).
Compounds
[edit]Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]倭
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: い (i)←ゐ (wi, historical)、わ (wa)
- Kan-on: い (i)←ゐ (wi, historical)、わ (wa)
- Kun: やまと (yamato, 倭)、したがう (shitagau, 倭う)
Etymology 1
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 倭 |
| やまと Jinmeiyō |
| kun'yomi |
| For pronunciation and definitions of 倭 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 倭, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Etymology 2
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 倭 |
| わ Jinmeiyō |
| on'yomi |
From Middle Chinese 倭 (MC 'wa). Various theories suggest that 倭 was influenced by Old Japanese 我 (wa, “I, me”) or referring to the practice of bowing among the ancient Japanese.
Pronunciation
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]Usage notes
[edit]During the Nara period, Japanese scholars believed that 倭 was derogatory as a name for their own country, because the Chinese word depicted a man bending down. Around 757 CE, Japan replaced 倭 with 和 (Wa), which had the same pronunciation in Old Japanese, but instead meant "harmonious".
References
[edit]- ^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From a corrupted or unorthodox reading. The original reading is 와 (wa) based on Middle Chinese 倭 (MC 'wa).
Historical readings
- Recorded as Middle Korean ᅙᅪᆼ (Yale: qwa) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
- Recorded as Middle Korean 와 (wa)訓 (Yale: wa) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [wɛ] ~ [we̞]
- Phonetic hangul: [왜/웨]
Hanja
[edit]倭 (eumhun 왜나라 왜 (waenara wae))
Compounds
[edit]Compounds
Etymology 2
[edit]From Middle Chinese 倭 (MC 'jwe).
Historical readings
- Recorded as Middle Korean ᅙᅱᆼ (Yale: qwuy) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
Hanja
[edit]倭 (eumhun 유순할 위 (yusunhal wi))
References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]倭: Hán Nôm readings: uy, oải, nụy/nuỵ, oa
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
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- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading わ
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- Japanese kanji with kun reading したが・う
- Japanese terms spelled with 倭 read as やまと
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