塤

See also: 埙 and 壎

塤 U+5864, 塤 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5864 ← 塣 [U+5863] CJK Unified Ideographs 塥 → [U+5865]

Translingual

Han character

塤 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 土口月金 (GRBC), four-corner 4618₆, composition ⿰土員)

Further reading

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 236, character 21
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5360
• Dae Jaweon: page 474, character 12
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 472, character 2
• Unihan data for U+5864

Chinese

trad.		塤
simp.		埙
alternative forms		坃 ancient 𡎖 壎

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (員) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
員	*ɢon, *ɢun
圓	*ɢon
塤	*qʰon
損	*sqʰuːnʔ
縜	*ɢun
隕	*ɢunʔ
殞	*ɢunʔ
溳	*ɢunʔ, *ɢun
磒	*ɢunʔ
霣	*ɢunʔ
愪	*ɢunʔ, *ɢun
勛	*qʰun
鄖	*ɢun
篔	*ɢun
貟	*ɢun, *ɢuns
韻	*ɢʷɯns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰon) : semantic 土 + phonetic 員 (OC *ɢon, *ɢun).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xūn (xun¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄣ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): fan¹ / hyun¹
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hong¹ / huong¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xūn
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: syun
    • Wade–Giles: hsün¹
    • Yale: syūn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiun
    • Palladius: сюнь (sjunʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕyn⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: fan¹ / hyun¹
    • Yale: fān / hyūn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fan¹ / hyn¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: fen¹ / hün¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɐn⁵⁵/, /hyːn⁵⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: hong¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔŋ⁵³³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: huong¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huoŋ⁵³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: xjwon

Rime
Character	塤
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	元 (66)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	況袁切
Baxter	xjwon
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hʉɐn/
Pan Wuyun	/hʷiɐn/
Shao Rongfen	/xiuɐn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/huan/
Li Rong	/xiuɐn/
Wang Li	/xĭwɐn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/xi̯wɐn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xuān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hyun1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*qʰo[n]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*qʰon/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	塤
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xuān
Middle Chinese	‹ xjwon ›
Old Chinese	/*qʰo[n]/
English	ocarina
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	塤
Reading #	1/1
No.	16201
Phonetic component	員
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	暄
Old Chinese	/*qʰon/

Definitions

塤

1. (music, historical) egg-shaped flute made of clay or ceramic

Compounds

• 塤篪／埙篪
• 頌塤／颂埙

 

References

• “塤”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “埙”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 271.

Japanese

Kanji

塤

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. Alternative form of 壎

Readings

• On (unclassified): けん (ken)、こん (kon)
• Kun: つちぶえ (tsuchibue)

Korean

Hanja

塤 (eum 훈 (hun))

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Vietnamese

Han character

塤: Hán Việt readings: huân
塤: Nôm readings: ven

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.