朗

朗 U+6717, 朗 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6717 ← 朖 [U+6716] CJK Unified Ideographs 朘 → [U+6718]

朗 U+F929, 朗 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F929 ← 廊 [U+F928] CJK Compatibility Ideographs 浪 → [U+F92A]

朗 U+FA92, 朗 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA92 ← 晴 [U+FA91] CJK Compatibility Ideographs 望 → [U+FA93]

朗 U+2F8D8, 朗 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F8D8 ← 䏙 [U+2F8D7] CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 望 → [U+2F8D9]

Translingual

Han character

朗 (Kangxi radical 74, 月+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 戈戈月 (IIB), four-corner 3772₀, composition ⿰良月)

Derived characters

• 𠻴, 㙟, 𢠯, 𪮡, 𣼽, 樃, 𤎜, 𤨡, 𦄺, 𫆍, 𬡨, 𠓇, 𨅉, 𡂯, 𫻠, 𬂆, 蓢, 𢀬, 𬕨, 𩅜, 𩡜, 塱, 㮾

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 505, character 23
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14362
• Dae Jaweon: page 884, character 19
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2072, character 6
• Unihan data for U+6717

• Unihan data for U+F929

• Unihan data for U+FA92

• Unihan data for U+2F8D8

Chinese

simp. and trad.		朗
alternative forms		朖 㫰 誏／𬣼 朤 𣊧 朖 㫰 誏／𬣼 朤 𣊧 𣍷

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 朗
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (良) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
剆	*raːl, *raːlʔ
郎	*raːŋ
稂	*raːŋ
桹	*raːŋ
鋃	*raːŋ
硠	*raːŋ
浪	*raːŋ, *raːŋs
蜋	*raːŋ, *raŋ
琅	*raːŋ
狼	*raːŋ
欴	*raːŋ
踉	*raːŋ, *raŋ, *raŋs
莨	*raːŋ, *raːŋs
艆	*raːŋ
駺	*raːŋ
躴	*raːŋ
筤	*raːŋ
閬	*raːŋ, *raːŋs
哴	*raːŋ, *raŋs
蓈	*raːŋ
廊	*raːŋ
榔	*raːŋ, *raːŋʔ
螂	*raːŋ
瑯	*raːŋ
朗	*raːŋʔ
朖	*raːŋʔ
誏	*raːŋʔ
俍	*raːŋʔ
崀	*raːŋʔ
埌	*raːŋs
蒗	*raːŋs
娘	*naŋ
良	*raŋ
粮	*raŋ
悢	*raŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raːŋʔ) : phonetic 良 (OC *raŋ) + semantic 月 (“moon”)

Etymology

Areal etymon. Compare Khmer រង (rɔɔng, “be light, bright, become clear, clarify”), Old Mon to glitter (ˀaråṅ), Burmese ရောင် (raung, “brightness”), အရောင် (a.raung, “appearance, colour, luster”). Possibly related to 亮 (OC raŋh). (Schuessler, 2007)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): lǎng (lang³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄤˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): long⁵
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): lóng / long

  (Meixian, Guangdong): long⁴

• Eastern Min (BUC): lāng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): lóng / láng / lang

  (Teochew, Peng'im): lang⁶

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶laon

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: lǎng
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄤˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: lǎng
    • Wade–Giles: lang³
    • Yale: lǎng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: laang
    • Palladius: лан (lan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɑŋ²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: long⁵
    • Yale: lóhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: long⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: long⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɔːŋ¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lóng / long
    • Hakka Romanization System: long^ˋ / long
    • Hagfa Pinyim: long³ / long⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /loŋ³¹/, /loŋ⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: long⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /lɔŋ⁵³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: lāng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /l̃aŋ³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lóng
    • Tâi-lô: lóng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: lorng
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /lɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /lɔŋ⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /lɔŋ⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: láng
    • Tâi-lô: láng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: larng
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /laŋ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /laŋ⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lang
    • Tâi-lô: lang
    • Phofsit Daibuun: lafng
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /laŋ⁴⁴/

Note:

• láng/lang - vernacular;
• lóng - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: lang⁶
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lăng
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /laŋ³⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶laon
    • MiniDict: laon^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³laan
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /lɑ̃²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: langX

Rime
Character	朗
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	唐 (101)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	盧黨切
Baxter	langX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɑŋX/
Pan Wuyun	/lɑŋX/
Shao Rongfen	/lɑŋX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/laŋX/
Li Rong	/lɑŋX/
Wang Li	/lɑŋX/
Bernard Karlgren	/lɑŋX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lǎng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	long5

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*k.rˤaŋʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*raːŋʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	朗
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	lǎng
Middle Chinese	‹ langX ›
Old Chinese	/*k.rˁaŋʔ/
English	bright
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	朗
Reading #	1/1
No.	8034
Phonetic component	良
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	朗
Old Chinese	/*raːŋʔ/

Definitions

朗

1. clear; bright
2. loud and clear

   朗讀／朗读  ―  lǎngdú  ―  to read aloud

3. (literary) understanding; enlightened

Compounds

• 不朗朗
• 伊朗 (Yīlǎng)
• 伊朗高原 (Yīlǎng Gāoyuán)
• 健朗 (jiànlǎng)
• 光朗朗
• 克朗 (kèlǎng)
• 勃朗峰 (Bólǎng Fēng)
• 勃朗特
• 勃朗運動／勃朗运动 (Bólǎng yùndòng)
• 天朗氣清／天朗气清 (tiānlǎngqìqīng)
• 天清氣朗／天清气朗
• 布朗族 (Bùlǎngzú)
• 布朗運動／布朗运动 (Bùlǎng yùndòng)
• 明朗 (mínglǎng)
• 晃朗
• 晴朗 (qínglǎng)
• 書聲朗朗／书声朗朗
• 月朗風清／月朗风清
• 朗如 (Lǎngrú)
• 朗巴兒／朗巴儿
• 朗悟
• 朗抱
• 朗暢／朗畅
• 朗月
• 朗月清風／朗月清风
• 朗朗 (lǎnglǎng)
• 朗朗上口 (lǎnglǎngshàngkǒu)
• 朗朗雲天／朗朗云天
• 朗朗高談／朗朗高谈
• 朗格的
• 朗照
• 朗目疏眉
• 朗聲／朗声 (lǎngshēng)
• 朗誦／朗诵 (lǎngsòng)
• 朗誦詩／朗诵诗
• 朗誦調／朗诵调
• 朗讀／朗读 (lǎngdú)
• 朗鑒／朗鉴
• 清朗 (qīnglǎng)
• 清風朗月／清风朗月
• 燎朗
• 爽朗 (shuǎnglǎng)
• 珠穆朗瑪／珠穆朗玛 (Zhūmùlǎngmǎ)
• 白朗寧／白朗宁
• 白朗峰
• 目若朗星
• 眉清目朗
• 硬朗
• 神清氣朗／神清气朗
• 科朗 (kēlǎng)
• 秦庭朗鏡／秦庭朗镜
• 豁朗
• 豁然開朗／豁然开朗 (huòránkāilǎng)
• 軒朗／轩朗
• 通朗
• 遼朗／辽朗
• 開朗／开朗 (kāilǎng)
• 雋朗／隽朗
• 風恬日朗／风恬日朗
• 風恬月朗／风恬月朗
• 風清月朗／风清月朗
• 高朗
• 高聲朗誦／高声朗诵

 

References

• “朗”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Shinjitai	朗
Kyūjitai	朗 朗
	朗󠄀 朗+󠄀? (Adobe-Japan1)
	朗󠄆 朗+󠄆? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

朗

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 朗)

1. (visually) bright, clear
2. (auditorily) sonorant, clear
3. (psychologically) merry, cheerful
4. Used in personal names.

Readings

• Go-on: ろう (rō, Jōyō)^{←らう (rau, historical)}
• Kan-on: ろう (rō, Jōyō)^{←らう (rau, historical)}
• Kun: ほがらか (hogaraka, 朗らか, Jōyō)、あきらか (akiraka, 朗らか)、ほがら (hogara, 朗ら)
• Nanori: あき (aki)、あきら (akira)、お (o)、さえ (sae)、とき (toki)、ほがら (hogara)、ろ (ro)

Compounds

• 晴(せい)朗(ろう) (seirō)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 朗 (MC langX). Recorded as Middle Korean 랑 (lang) (Yale: lang) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

Pronunciation

• (initial position)
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [na̠(ː)ŋ]
  • Phonetic hangul: [낭(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
• (non-initial position)
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ɾa̠ŋ]
  • Phonetic hangul: [랑]

Hanja

Wikisource

朗 (eumhun 밝을 랑 (balgeul rang), word-initial (South Korea) 밝을 낭 (balgeul nang))

1. hanja form^? of 랑/낭 (“clear; bright”)

Compounds

Compounds

• 명랑 (明朗, myeongnang)
• 낭송 (朗誦, nangsong)
• 낭랑 (朗朗, nangnang)
• 낭음 (朗吟, nang'eum)
• 낭오 (朗悟, nang'o)
• 청랑 (晴朗, cheongnang)
• 광랑 (曠朗, gwangnang)
• 광랑 (光朗, gwangnang)
• 낭독 (朗讀, nangdok, “reading out loud”)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

Vietnamese

Han character

朗: Hán Việt readings: lãng (里(lí)黨(đảng)切(thiết))
朗: Nôm readings: lẳng, lặng, rạng, lảng, lững, lãng, lửng, láng, lắng, sang, sáng, lựng, lẵng, trắng, rang, lăng, lứng

1. Nôm form of lặng (“calm; silent; quiet”).