海豹

Chinese

		ocean; sea	leopard; panther
simp. and trad. (海豹)		海	豹

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): hǎibào

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄞˇ ㄅㄠˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hoi² paau³
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hái-pà
• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵he-pau

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: hǎibào
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄞˇ ㄅㄠˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: hǎibào
    • Wade–Giles: hai³-pao⁴
    • Yale: hǎi-bàu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: haebaw
    • Palladius: хайбао (xajbao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pɑʊ̯⁵¹/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 海報／海报 海豹

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: hoi² paau³
    • Yale: hói paau
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hoi² paau³
    • Guangdong Romanization: hoi² pao³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔːi̯³⁵ pʰaːu̯³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hái-pà
    • Tâi-lô: hái-pà
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hay'pax
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pa²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ pa⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pa²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pa¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ pa²¹/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵he-pau
    • MiniDict: he^去 pau
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²he-pau
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /he³³ pɔ⁴⁴/

Noun

海豹

1. earless seal (Classifier: 隻／只 m c)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (海豹):

• → Japanese: 海(かい)豹(ひょう) (kaihyō)
• → Korean: 해표(海豹) (haepyo)

See also

• 海狗 (hǎigǒu, “fur seal”)

Japanese

海豹 (azarashi): a true seal, an earless seal.

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
海	豹
あざらし
Grade: 2	Jinmeiyō
jukujikun

Alternative spelling
海豹 (kyūjitai)

Originally a compound of Old Japanese elements 痣 (aza, “bruise”) +‎ 等 (ra, “lots of”, a pluralizer) +‎ 獣 (shi, “beast”, especially one used for meat). The bruise meaning was in reference to the spotted coat.

The kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓), from Chinese 海豹 (hǎibào, literally “sea leopard”).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) あざらし [àzáꜜràshì] (Nakadaka – [2])
• IPA^(key): [a̠za̠ɾa̠ɕi]

Noun

海豹(あざらし) or 海豹(アザラシ) • (azarashi) 

1. a seal, specifically the earless seal or true seal

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as アザラシ.

Note the distinction between 海豹 (azarashi) for seal, which has no external ear flaps, and 海驢 (ashika) for sea lion, which does have external ear flaps.

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 海豹(あざらし)肢(し)症(しょう) (azarashishishō): “seal-limb disease” → phocomelia
• 顎鬚海豹(アゴヒゲアザラシ) (agohige azarashi)
• カスピ海海豹(カイアザラシ) (kasupikai azarashi)
• 蟹食海豹(カニクイアザラシ) (kanikui azarashi)
• 鞍掛海豹(クラカケアザラシ) (kurakake azarashi)
• 胡麻斑海豹(ゴマフアザラシ) (gomafu azarashi)
• 頭巾海豹(ズキンアザラシ) (zukin azarashi)
• 銭形海豹(ゼニガタアザラシ) (zenigata azarashi)
• 象海豹(ゾウアザラシ) (zō azarashi): an elephant seal
• 竪琴海豹(タテゴトアザラシ) (tategoto azarashi)
• 灰色海豹(ハイイロアザラシ) (haīro azarashi)
• バイカル海豹(アザラシ) (baikaru azarashi)
• 豹海豹(ヒョウアザラシ) (hyō azarashi): a leopard seal
• 斑入海豹(ふいりあざらし) (fuiri azarashi)
• 輪紋海豹(ワモンアザラシ) (wamon azarashi)

See also

• 海驢(あしか) (ashika): a sea lion

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
海	豹
かい Grade: 2	ひょう Jinmeiyō
on'yomi

Alternative spelling
海豹 (kyūjitai)

/kaipeu/ → /kaifeu/ → /kaiheu/ → /kaihjoː/

From Middle Chinese 海豹 (hʌi^X pˠau^H, literally “sea + leopard”).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) かいひょー [kàíhyóó] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ka̠iço̞ː]

Noun

海(かい)豹(ひょう) • (kaihyō) ^{←かいへう (kaifeu)?}

1. a seal, specifically the earless seal or true seal

Usage notes

The kaihyō reading appears to be much less common than azarashi above.

Derived terms

• 海(かい)豹(ひょう)島(とう) (Kaihyōtō): “Seal Island” → Tyuleny Island, off the eastern coast of Sakhalin