腊
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See also: 臘
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Translingual
[edit]| Traditional | 臘 |
|---|---|
| Shinjitai (extended) |
𫞇 |
| Simplified | 腊 |
Han character
[edit]腊 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 月廿日 (BTA), four-corner 74261, composition ⿰月昔(GJK) or ⿰⺼昔(HTV))
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 986, character 27
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29614
- Dae Jaweon: page 1439, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2084, character 5
- Unihan data for U+814A
Chinese
[edit]Glyph origin
[edit]| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 借 | *ʔsjaːɡs, *ʔsjaːɡ |
| 唶 | *ʔsjaːɡs |
| 藉 | *zjaːɡs, *zjaːɡ |
| 躤 | *zjaːɡs |
| 蜡 | *zraːɡs, *sʰaːɡs |
| 齰 | *zraːɡs, *zraːɡ |
| 醋 | *sʰaːɡs |
| 錯 | *sʰaːɡs, *sʰaːɡ |
| 措 | *sʰaːɡs |
| 厝 | *sʰaːɡs, *sʰaːɡ |
| 逪 | *sʰaːɡ |
| 剒 | *sʰaːɡ |
| 鵲 | *sʰaɡ |
| 碏 | *sʰaɡ |
| 踖 | *sʰaɡ, *ʔsjaːɡ, *zjaːɡ |
| 趞 | *sʰaɡ |
| 皵 | *sʰaɡ, *sʰjaːɡ |
| 舄 | *sʰjaːɡ, *sʰaɡ, *sjaːɡ, *sjaːɡ |
| 斮 | *ʔsraɡ, *ʔsraːɡ |
| 簎 | *zraːwɢ, *sʰraːɡ, *zjaːɡ |
| 諎 | *ʔsraːɡ |
| 矠 | *sʰreːɡ, *zreːɡ |
| 庴 | *ʔsjaːɡ, *zjaːɡ |
| 籍 | *zjaːɡ |
| 耤 | *zjaːɡ |
| 猎 | *zjaːɡ |
| 昔 | *sjaːɡ |
| 惜 | *sjaːɡ |
| 腊 | *sjaːɡ |
| 焟 | *sjaːɡ |
| 棤 | *sjaːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sjaːɡ) : semantic 肉 (“meat”) + phonetic 昔 (OC *sjaːɡ).
Etymology 1
[edit]| For pronunciation and definitions of 腊 – see 臘 (“year-end sacrifice to the gods; twelfth month of the Chinese lunar calendar; etc.”). (This character is the simplified form of 臘). |
Notes:
|
Etymology 2
[edit]| trad. | 腊 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 腊 | |
| alternative forms | 𦞽 𬛄 𦝙 𦠪 | |
Same word as 昔 (OC *sjaːɡ) (Karlgren, 1957; Schuessler, 2007). See there for more.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧ
- Tongyong Pinyin: si
- Wade–Giles: hsi1
- Yale: syī
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shi
- Palladius: си (si)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: sí
- Wade–Giles: hsi2
- Yale: syí
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyi
- Palladius: си (si)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: sik1
- Yale: sīk
- Cantonese Pinyin: sik7
- Guangdong Romanization: xig1
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɪk̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Middle Chinese: sjek
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*sjaːɡ/
Definitions
[edit]腊
Synonyms
[edit]- 臘／腊 (là): (dried meat)
- 脯 (pú): (dried meat)
- 脩 (xiū): (dried meat used as teacher's payment; shriveled)
Usage notes
[edit]Note that 腊, when used as a simplified Chinese character is pronounced là (refer to the traditional form 臘／腊 (là)). However, when 腊 is encountered in classical Chinese texts, the pronunciation is xī (derived from its phonetic component 昔).
References
[edit]Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]腊
Readings
[edit](Can we verify(+) this pronunciation?)
- Go-on: しゃく (shaku)←しやく (syaku, historical)
- Kan-on: せき (seki)←せき (seki, historical)
- On: ろう (rō)
- Kun: ほじし (hojishi)、きたい (kitai, 腊)←きたひ (kitafi, 腊ひ, historical)、きたう (kitau, 腊う)←きたふ (kitafu, 腊ふ, historical)
Etymology
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 腊 |
| きたい Hyōgai |
| kun'yomi |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 腒 |
From Old Japanese; first attested in a mokkan excavated from the Former Naniwa Palace, 652 - 686, as man'yōgana form 支多比 <ki₁tapi₁>. Noun form of 腊う (kitau, “to dry meat of fish, bird or so on”).
Noun
[edit]- (archaic) whole dried meat of fish, bird or so on
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- 忍照八 難波乃小江尓 廬作 難麻理弖居 葦河尓乎 王召跡 何為牟尓 吾乎召良米夜 明久 吾知事乎 歌人跡 和乎召良米夜 笛吹跡 和乎召良米夜 琴引跡 和乎召良米夜 彼此毛 命受牟跡 今日々々跡 飛鳥尓到 雖置 々勿尓到 雖不策 都久怒尓到 東 中門由 参納来弖 命受例婆 馬尓己曽 布毛太志可久物 牛尓己曽 鼻縄波久例 足引乃 此片山乃 毛武尓礼乎 五百枝波伎垂 天光夜 日乃異尓干 佐比豆留夜 辛碓尓舂 庭立 手碓子尓舂 忍光八 難波乃小江乃 始垂乎 辛久垂来弖 陶人乃 所作瓶乎 今日徃 明日取持来 吾目良尓 塩柒給 腊賞毛 腊賞毛 [Man'yōgana]
- おしてるや 難波の小江に 廬作り 隠りて居る 葦蟹を 大君召すと 何せむに 我を召すらめや 明けく 我が知ることを 歌人と 我を召すらめや 笛吹きと 我を召すらめや 琴弾きと 我を召すらめや かもかくも 命受けむと 今日今日と 飛鳥に至り 置くとも 置勿に至り つかねども 都久野に至り 東の 中の御門ゆ 参入り来て 命受くれば 馬にこそ ふもだしかくもの 牛にこそ 鼻縄はくれ あしひきの この片山の もむ楡を 五百枝剥き垂り 天照るや 日の異に干し さひづるや 韓臼に搗き 庭に立つ 手臼に搗き おしてるや 難波の小江の 初垂りを からく垂り来て 陶人の 作れる瓶を 今日行きて 明日取り持ち来 我が目らに 塩塗りたまひ きたひはやすも きたひはやすも [Modern spelling]
- <Ositeru ya Nanipa no₂ woye ni ipo tukuri namarite woru asigani wo opoki₁mi₁ me₁su to₂ nani semu ni wa wo me₁surame₂ ya aki₁rake₁ku waga siru ko₂to₂ wo utapi₁to₂ to₂ wa wo me₁surame₂ ya puyepuki₁ to₂ wa wo me₁surame₂ ya ko₂to₂pi₁ki₁ to₂ wa wo me₁surame₂ ya ka mo kaku mo mi₁ko₂to₂ uke₂mu to₂ ke₁pu ke₁pu to₂ Asuka ni itari oku to₂ mo₂ Okuna ni itari tukanedo₂ mo Tukuno₁ ni itari pi₁mugasi no₂ naka no₂ mi₁kado₁ yu mawiriki₁te mi₁ko₂to₂ ukureba uma ni ko₂so₂ pumodasi kaku mono₂ usi ni ko₂so₂ panaduna pakure asipi₁ki₁ no₂ ko₂no₂ katayama no₂ momunire wo ipoye paki₁tari amateru ya pi₁ no ke₁ ni posi sapi₁duru ya karausu ni tuki₁ nipa ni tatu te₂usu ni tuki₁ ositeru ya Nanipa no₂ woye no₂ patutari wo karaku tariki₁te suwepi₁to₂ no₂ tukureru kame₂ wo ke₂pu yuki₂te asu to₂rimotiki₁ waga me₂-ra ni sipo nuri tamapi₁ ki₁tapi₁ payasu mo ki₁tapi₁ payasu mo>
→ Oshiteru ya Naniwa no oe ni io tsukuri namarite oru ashigani o ōkimi mesu to nani semu ni wa o mesurame ya akirakeku waga shiru koto o utahito to wa o mesurame ya fuefuki to wa o mesurame ya kotohiki to wa o mesurame ya ka mo kaku mo mikoto ukemu to kyō kyō to Asuka ni itari oku to mo Okuna ni itari tsukanedo mo Tsukuno ni itari himugashi no naka no mikado yu mairikite mikoto ukureba uma ni koso fumodashi kaku mono ushi ni koso hanazuna hakure ashihiki no kono katayama no momunire o ioe hakitari amateru ya hi no ke ni hoshi saizuru ya karausu ni tsuki niwa ni tatsu teusu ni tsuki oshiteru ya Naniwa no oe no hatsutari o karaku tarikite suehito no tsukureru kame o kyō yukite asu torimochiki waga me-ra ni shio nuri tamai kitai hayasu mo kitai hayasu mo - Beaming all over, Naniwa's little creek, a reed-crab built his hut and dwelleth hidden there and the great lord hath summoned him:
What hath my lord summon me to do? Evidently, the things that I know — As a singer, hath my lord summoned me? As a piper, hath my lord summoned me? As a strummer, hath my lord summoned me?
Be that as it may, to receive the dictates, today, today, I reach Asuka «pun on 明日 (asu /あす/, “tomorrow”)» and stay put there, but I reach Okuna «pun on 置くな (okuna /おくな/, “don't put”)» and arrive not there, but I reach Tsukuno «pun on 着く (tsuku /つく/, “to arrive”)», and through the central gate of the east side I pay a visit and receive the dictates:
Horses ought to be tighten with rein; to oxen ropes are put in their noses; foot-dragging slope of this mountain's hundred elms, stripping their five hundred branches to hang, when the heaven shineth, they'll dry me in th'exceptional sun; when I chirrp, they'll pound me in a foot-pedalled mortal and pound me by hand in a mortal standeth in the yard; beaming all over, Naniwa's little creek's first drips, they'll come drip me those saltily; a jar which is made by a potter, they'll go today and bring it back tomorrow; they'll bestow pair of my eyes salt to smear and praise dried meat of mine, praise dried meat of mine!
-
Synonyms
[edit]- 乾肉 / 干肉 / 乾し肉 / 干し肉 (hoshiniku): dried meat, jerky
- 干物 (himono): dried fish or some other marine product
- 脯 / 乾肉 (hoshishi): (archaic) dried meat, jerky
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]腊 (eum 석 (seok))
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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References
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- Japanese kanji with on reading ろう
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