醉

See also: 酔

醉 U+9189, 醉 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9189 ← 醈 [U+9188] CJK Unified Ideographs 醊 → [U+918A]

Translingual

Han character

醉 (Kangxi radical 164, 酉+8, 15 strokes, cangjie input 一田卜人十 (MWYOJ), four-corner 1064₈, composition ⿰酉卒)

Derived characters

• 𤂭

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1284, character 24
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39906
• Dae Jaweon: page 1784, character 17
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3587, character 14
• Unihan data for U+9189

Chinese

trad.		醉
simp. #		醉
2nd round simp.		酔
alternative forms		酔

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 醉
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (卒) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
晬	*ʔsuːds
祽	*ʔsuːds
綷	*ʔsuːds
淬	*sʰuːds
啐	*sʰuːds, *suːds, *sʰroːds, *ʔsud
倅	*sʰuːds, *ʔsuːd
焠	*sʰuːds
碎	*suːds
誶	*suːds, *suds, *zud
濢	*ʔslulʔ, *sʰluds
噿	*ʔslulʔ
臎	*ʔslulʔ, *sʰluds
醉	*ʔsuds
翠	*sʰuds
悴	*zuds
萃	*zuds
瘁	*zuds
顇	*zuds
粹	*suds
睟	*suds
賥	*suds
卒	*ʔsuːd, *sʰuːd, *ʔsud
稡	*ʔsuːd
猝	*sʰuːd
椊	*zuːd
捽	*zuːd, *zud
崪	*zuːd
窣	*suːd
崒	*zud
踤	*zud
錊	*ʔsuːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsuds) : semantic 酉 (“alcoholic drink”) + phonetic 卒 (OC *ʔsuːd, *sʰuːd, *ʔsud).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zuì (zui⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄗㄨㄟˋ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zeoi³

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): dui¹

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chui

  (Meixian, Guangdong): zui⁴

• Eastern Min (BUC): cói
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zui⁴
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chùi

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zui³

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵tsoe

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zuì
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄟˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zuèi
    • Wade–Giles: tsui⁴
    • Yale: dzwèi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzuey
    • Palladius: цзуй (czuj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡su̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zeoi³
    • Yale: jeui
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzoey³
    • Guangdong Romanization: zêu³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɵy̯³³/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: dui¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tui³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chui
    • Hakka Romanization System: zui
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zui⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡su̯i⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: zui⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡suɪ⁵³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cói
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sui²¹³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: zui⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sui⁴²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chùi
    • Tâi-lô: tsuì
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zuix
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sui²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sui⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sui²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sui¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sui²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zui³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsùi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sui²¹³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵tsoe
    • MiniDict: tsoe^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²tsoe
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sø³⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: tswijH

Rime
Character	醉
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	脂 (16)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	將遂切
Baxter	tswijH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡siuɪH/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʷiH/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sjuɪH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡swiH/
Li Rong	/t͡suiH/
Wang Li	/t͡swiH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡swiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zuì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zeoi3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.tsu[t]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsuds/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	醉
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zuì
Middle Chinese	‹ tswijH ›
Old Chinese	/*Cə.tsu[t]-s/
English	drunk (adj.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	醉
Reading #	1/1
No.	17943
Phonetic component	卒
Rime group	隊
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	醉
Old Chinese	/*ʔsuds/

Definitions

醉

1. to become drunk; to become intoxicated

   喝醉  ―  hēzuì  ―  to become drunk

   • 厭厭夜飲，不醉無歸。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     厌厌夜饮，不醉无归。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Yàn yàn yè yǐn, bù zuì wú guī. [Pinyin]

     Happily and long into the night we drink; till all are drunk, there is no retiring.

   • 漁父見而問之曰：「子非三閭大夫與？何故至於斯！」
     屈原曰：「舉世皆濁我獨清，眾人皆醉我獨醒，是以見放！」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     渔父见而问之曰：「子非三闾大夫与？何故至于斯！」
     屈原曰：「举世皆浊我独清，众人皆醉我独醒，是以见放！」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Verses of Chu, 4^th century BCE – 2^nd century CE

     Yúfù jiàn ér wèn zhī yuē: “Zǐ fēi sānlǘdàfū yú? Hégù zhì yú sī!”
     Qū Yuán yuē: “Jǔshì jiē zhuó wǒ dú qīng, zhòngrén jiē zuì wǒ dú xǐng, shìyǐ jiàn fàng!” [Pinyin]

     The fisherman saw him and asked: "Were you not the sanlü dafu [a high position in the Chu court]? How have you ended up like this?"
     Qu Yuan said: "The whole world was muddy and I was clean alone; all men were drunk and I was sober alone; and I was exiled for that!"

2. to intoxicate; to make someone drunk

   • 許之，飲先從者酒，醉之，竊馬而獻之子常，子常歸唐侯。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     许之，饮先从者酒，醉之，窃马而献之子常，子常归唐侯。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4^th century BCE

     Xǔ zhī, yǐn xiān cóng zhě jiǔ, zuì zhī, qiè mǎ ér xiàn zhī Zǐcháng, Zǐcháng guī Táng hóu. [Pinyin]

     When they were allowed this, they made the earlier attendants drink alcohol, making them drunk; stole their horses; and presented them to Zichang. Zichang then let the marquis return to Tang.

   • 酒不醉人人自醉，色不迷人人自迷。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad. and simp.]

     From: The Plum in the Golden Vase, circa 1610 CE

     Jiǔ bù zuì rén rén zì zuì, sè bù mí rén rén zì mí. [Pinyin]

     Alcohol does not intoxicate men, men are intoxicated by themselves; women do not infatuate men, men are infatuated by themselves.

3. to be fascinated with; to be enchanted by; to be crazy about; to be addicted to

   醉心  ―  zuìxīn  ―  to be infatuated with

4. to marinate in cooking wine

   醉蝦／醉虾  ―  zuìxiā  ―  drunken shrimp (dish name)

5. (literary) to drink alcoholic drink moderately

Synonyms

• (to become drunk):

edit

• 喝醉 (hēzuì)
• 喝高 (hēgāo) (colloquial)
• 沉醉 (chénzuì)
• 酒醉 (jiǔzuì)
• 酣醉 (hānzuì)
• 醉酒 (zuìjiǔ)
• 霑醉／沾醉 (zhānzuì) (literary)
• 飲醉／饮醉 (dialectal)

 

• (to be fascinated with):

edit

• 入迷 (rùmí)
• 沉湎 (chénmiǎn) (formal)
• 沉溺 (chénnì)
• 沉迷 (chénmí)
• 沉陷 (chénxiàn)
• 熱咬／热咬 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 瘋魔／疯魔 (fēngmó)
• 眩著／眩着 (Xiamen Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)
• 著迷／着迷
• 迷戀／迷恋 (míliàn)
• 醉心 (zuìxīn)
• 陷入 (xiànrù)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (醉):

• → Korean: 취(醉) (chwi)
• → Vietnamese: túy (醉)

Compounds

• 似醉如痴
• 半醉 (bànzuì)
• 喝醉 (hēzuì)
• 大醉
• 如夢如醉／如梦如醉
• 如痴似醉
• 如痴如醉 (rúchīrúzuì)
• 如醉初醒
• 如醉如夢／如醉如梦
• 如醉如狂
• 如醉如痴 (rúzuìrúchī)
• 如醉方醒
• 宿醉 (sùzuì)
• 山簡醉酒／山简醉酒
• 心醉 (xīnzuì)
• 惡醉強酒／恶醉强酒
• 憂心如醉／忧心如醉
• 憂心若醉／忧心若醉
• 我醉欲眠
• 打醉眼子
• 既醉
• 沉醉 (chénzuì)
• 泥醉
• 灌醉 (guànzuì)
• 灞陵醉尉
• 爛醉／烂醉
• 爛醉如泥／烂醉如泥
• 痴然如醉
• 眠花醉柳
• 眾醉獨醒／众醉独醒
• 神怡心醉
• 紙醉金迷／纸醉金迷 (zhǐzuìjīnmí)
• 自我陶醉
• 薄醉
• 貴妃醉酒／贵妃醉酒
• 買醉／买醉 (mǎizuì)
• 越扶越醉
• 轟醉／轰醉
• 迷醉 (mízuì)
• 酒醉 (jiǔzuì)
• 酒醉飯飽／酒醉饭饱
• 酣醉 (hānzuì)
• 酩酊大醉 (mǐngdǐngdàzuì)
• 醉中逐月
• 醉兀兀
• 醉厭厭／醉厌厌
• 醉咧咧兒／醉咧咧儿
• 醉如泥
• 醉妝／醉妆 (zuìzhuāng)
• 醉尉
• 醉心 (zuìxīn)
• 醉意 (zuìyì)
• 醉態／醉态 (zuìtài)
• 醉打山門／醉打山门
• 醉拳 (zuìquán)
• 醉漢／醉汉 (zuìhàn)
• 醉瓜
• 醉生夢死／醉生梦死 (zuìshēngmèngsǐ)
• 醉眼 (zuìyǎn)
• 醉翁
• 醉翁之意
• 醉翁亭
• 醉聖／醉圣 (Zuìshèng)
• 醉臥／醉卧
• 醉舞狂歌
• 醉蟹
• 醉話／醉话 (zuìhuà)
• 醉貌咕咚 (zuìmaogūdōng)
• 醉貓兒／醉猫儿
• 醉鄉／醉乡 (zuìxiāng)
• 醉酒 (zuìjiǔ)
• 醉酒飽德／醉酒饱德
• 醉醺醺 (zuìxūnxūn)
• 醉雷公
• 醉鬼 (zuìguǐ)
• 醉墨
• 金迷粉醉
• 金迷紙醉／金迷纸醉
• 針灸麻醉／针灸麻醉
• 陶醉 (táozuì)
• 電針麻醉／电针麻醉
• 霑醉／沾醉 (zhānzuì)
• 霸陵醉尉
• 顛張醉素／颠张醉素
• 飲醇自醉／饮醇自醉
• 馬醉木／马醉木 (mǎzuìmù)
• 麻醉 (mázuì)
• 麻醉劑／麻醉剂 (mázuìjì)
• 麻醉藥品／麻醉药品

 

Japanese

Shinjitai	酔
Kyūjitai	醉

Kanji

醉

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 酔)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: すい (sui)^{←すゐ (swi, historical)}
• Kan-on: すい (sui)^{←すゐ (swi, historical)}
• Kun: よい (yoi, 醉い)^{←ゑひ (wefi, 醉ひ, historical)}、よう (you, 醉う)^{←ゑふ (wefu, 醉ふ, historical)}

Korean

Hanja

醉 (eum 취 (chwi))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

醉: Hán Nôm readings: túy/tuý, xúy/xuý

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.