餌

See also: 饵

餌 U+990C, 餌 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-990C ← 餋 [U+990B] CJK Unified Ideographs 餍 → [U+990D]

Translingual

Han character

餌 (Kangxi radical 184, 食+6, 15 strokes, cangjie input 人戈尸十 (OISJ), four-corner 8174₀, composition ⿰飠耳)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1419, character 30
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44146
• Dae Jaweon: page 1944, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4449, character 13
• Unihan data for U+990C

Chinese

trad.		餌
simp.		饵
alternative forms		𩱓 㢽 𧊗 bait 𩚪 𩛣

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (耳) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
佴	*nɯːs, *njɯs
麛	*miː
弭	*mniʔ
渳	*mniʔ
葞	*mniʔ
髶	*njis, *njoŋ
聻	*nɯʔ
恥	*n̥ʰɯʔ
咡	*njɯ, *njɯs
誀	*njɯ, *njɯs
耳	*njɯʔ
洱	*njɯʔ, *njɯs
駬	*njɯʔ
餌	*njɯs
珥	*njɯs
衈	*njɯs
毦	*njɯs
刵	*njɯs
眲	*njɯs, *rnɯːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *njɯs) : semantic 食 (“to eat”) + phonetic 耳 (OC *njɯʔ).

Etymology

An area word. Compare Khmer នុយ (nuy, “bait; lure (especially for catching fish)”), Thai เหยื่อ (yʉ̀ʉa, “bait”) (Schuelsser, 2007).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): ěr (er³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄦˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): nei⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngí
• Eastern Min (BUC): né
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ni⁴ / zi³
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): lī / jī / ní / jíⁿ

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ri⁷ / re²

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶gher

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: ěr
    • Zhuyin: ㄦˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ěr
    • Wade–Giles: êrh³
    • Yale: ěr
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: eel
    • Palladius: эр (er)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀɤɻ²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: nei⁶
    • Yale: neih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: nei⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: néi⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nei̯²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngí
    • Hakka Romanization System: ngi^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ngi³
    • Sinological IPA: /ŋi³¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: né
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nˡɛi²¹³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: ni⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni⁴²/
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: zi³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si⁴⁵³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: zi³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si³³²/

Note:

• ni4 - vernacular;
• zi3 - literary.

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lī
    • Tâi-lô: lī
    • Phofsit Daibuun: li
    • IPA (Taipei): /li³³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /li⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /li²²/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jī
    • Tâi-lô: jī
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ji
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /zi³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡zi²²/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ní
    • Tâi-lô: ní
    • Phofsit Daibuun: nie
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /nĩ⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /nĩ⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jíⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: jínn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: jvie
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡zĩ⁵³/

Note:

• lī/jī - vernacular;
• ní/jíⁿ - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: ri⁷ / re²
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: jī / jṳ́
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /d͡zi¹¹/, /d͡zɯ⁵²/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶gher
    • MiniDict: r^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hher
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦəl²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: nyiH

Rime
Character	餌
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	仍吏切
Baxter	nyiH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵɨH/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵɨH/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑieH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵɨH/
Li Rong	/ȵiəH/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭəH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȵʑiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	èr
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ji6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[C.]nə(ʔ)-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*njɯs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	餌
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	ěr
Middle Chinese	‹ nyiH ›
Old Chinese	/*[C.]nə(ʔ)-s/
English	bait
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	餌
Reading #	1/1
No.	2786
Phonetic component	耳
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	餌
Old Chinese	/*njɯs/

Definitions

餌

1. food made of rice dough
2. food
3. medicine
4. to eat
5. to feed
6. bait (either for fish or for other animals)
7. to lure

Compounds

• 以狸餌鼠／以狸饵鼠
• 抑威餌敵／抑威饵敌
• 服餌／服饵
• 果餌／果饵
• 毒餌／毒饵 (dú'ěr)
• 祿餌／禄饵
• 芳餌／芳饵
• 藥餌／药饵 (yào'ěr)
• 虜餌／虏饵
• 誘餌／诱饵 (yòu'ěr)
• 針餌莫減／针饵莫减
• 釣餌／钓饵 (diào'ěr)
• 餌名釣祿／饵名钓禄
• 餌料生物／饵料生物
• 餌藥／饵药
• 餌誘／饵诱 (ěryòu)
• 餌釣／饵钓
• 餅餌／饼饵 (bǐng'ěr)
• 香餌／香饵
• 魚餌／鱼饵 (yú'ěr)

 

References

• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “饵”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 61.

Japanese

Kanji

餌

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: に (ni)
• Kan-on: じ (ji, Jōyō)
• Kun: えさ (esa, 餌, Jōyō)^{←ゑさ (wesa, 餌, historical)}、え (e, 餌, Jōyō)^{←ゑ (we, 餌, historical)}、もち (mochi)

Compounds

Compounds

• 好餌(こうじ) (kōji)
• 給餌(きゅうじ) (kyūji)
• 擬餌(ぎじ) (giji)
• 索餌(さくじ) (sakuji)
• 食餌(しょくじ) (shokuji)
• 薬餌(やくじ) (yakuji)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
餌
えさ Grade: S
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) えさ [èsáꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
• (Tokyo) えさ [èsá] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [e̞sa̠]

Noun

餌(えさ) • (esa) ^{←ゑさ (wesa)?}

1. animal food, feed

   犬(いぬ)に毎日(まいにち)餌(えさ)を上(あ)げて下(くだ)さい。

   Inu ni mainichi esa o agete kudasai.

   Please feed the dog every day.

   トンビにエサをあたえないでください。

   Tonbi ni esa o ataenaide kudasai.

   Please do not feed the black kites.

   (literally, “Please do not give food to the black kites.”)

2. bait

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 餌場(えさば) (esaba, “feeding grounds”)
• 餌箱(えさばこ) (esabako, “the feed tray of an animal, a feed trough, a feed box; a bait box”)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
餌
え Grade: S
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) え [éꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [e̞]

Noun

餌(え) • (e) ^{←ゑ (we)?}

1. animal food, feed
2. bait

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 餌食(えじき) (ejiki)
• 餌壷(えつぼ) (etsubo)
• 餌付(えづ)く (ezuku)
• 餌袋(えぶくろ) (ebukuro)
• 擂(す)り餌(え) (surie)

Korean

Hanja

餌 • (i) (hangeul 이, revised i, McCune–Reischauer i, Yale i)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

餌: Hán Nôm readings: nhị, nhĩ

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.