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==Life and career==
==Life and career==
===1979–1991: Early life===
===1979–1990: Early life===
Aaliyah Dana Haughton was born on January 16, 1979, in [[Brooklyn]], [[New York City]], [[New York]].<ref name="Allmusic">{{cite web|last=Huey|first=Steve|title=Aaliyah - Biography|work=[[Allmusic]]|url=http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=11:fxfwxqe5ldde~T1|accessdate=2008-11-08}}</ref> Born of [[African American]] and [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] descent,<ref name="CNN">{{cite web|url=http://archives.cnn.com/2001/COMMUNITY/08/27/welbekin.cnna/index.html|title=Vibe Magazine's Emil Wilbekin: Remembering Aaliyah|date=2001-08-27|work=[[CNN]]|accessdate=2009-05-06}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Sutherland|2005|p=9}}</ref> she was the second and youngest child of Diane and Michael Haughton.<ref>{{harvnb|Sutherland|2005|p=1}}</ref> At a young age, Aaliyah was enrolled in voice lessons by her mother.<ref name="Allmusic"/> When she was five years old, her family moved to [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]], where she was raised along with her older brother, Rashad.<ref>{{harvnb|Kenyatta|2002|p=3}}</ref><ref name="AMG rock">{{harvnb|Bogdanov|Woodstra|Erlewine|2002|p=1|Ref=none}}</ref> She attended a Catholic school, Gesu Elementary, where she received a part in the stage play ''[[Annie (musical)|Annie]]'' in [[first grade]]; from then on, she was determined to be an entertainer.<ref>{{harvnb|Farley|2002|p=23}}</ref> Aaliyah's mother was a vocalist, and her uncle, [[Barry Hankerson]], was an [[entertainment law]]yer who was previously married to [[Gladys Knight]].<ref name="AMG rock"/> As a child, Aaliyah traveled with Knight and worked with an agent in New York to audition for commercials and [[television program]]s, including ''[[Family Matters]]''; she went on to appear appeared on ''[[Star Search]]'' at the age of nine.<ref name="Allmusic"/><ref>{{harvnb|Sutherland|2005|p=15}}</ref> She then auditioned for several record labels and appeared in concert alongside Knight at age 11.<ref name="AMG rock"/><ref name="The Independent">{{cite web|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/aaliyah-755377.html|title=Aaliyah - Obituaries, News|last=Perrone|first=Pierre|date=2001-08-27|work=[[The Independent]]|publisher=[[Independent News & Media]]|accessdate=2009-04-04}}</ref>
Aaliyah Dana Haughton was born on January 16, 1979, in [[Brooklyn]], [[New York City]], [[New York]].<ref name="Allmusic">{{cite web|last=Huey|first=Steve|title=Aaliyah - Biography|work=[[Allmusic]]|url=http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=11:fxfwxqe5ldde~T1|accessdate=2008-11-08}}</ref> Born of [[African American]] and [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] descent,<ref name="CNN">{{cite web|url=http://archives.cnn.com/2001/COMMUNITY/08/27/welbekin.cnna/index.html|title=Vibe Magazine's Emil Wilbekin: Remembering Aaliyah|date=2001-08-27|work=[[CNN]]|accessdate=2009-05-06}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Sutherland|2005|p=9}}</ref> she was the second and youngest child of Diane and Michael Haughton.<ref>{{harvnb|Sutherland|2005|p=1}}</ref> At a young age, Aaliyah was enrolled in voice lessons by her mother.<ref name="Allmusic"/> When she was five years old, her family moved to [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]], where she was raised along with her older brother, Rashad.<ref>{{harvnb|Kenyatta|2002|p=3}}</ref><ref name="AMG rock">{{harvnb|Bogdanov|Woodstra|Erlewine|2002|p=1|Ref=none}}</ref> She attended a Catholic school, Gesu Elementary, where she received a part in the stage play ''[[Annie (musical)|Annie]]'' in [[first grade]]; from then on, she was determined to be an entertainer.<ref>{{harvnb|Farley|2002|p=23}}</ref> Aaliyah's mother was a vocalist, and her uncle, [[Barry Hankerson]], was an [[entertainment law]]yer who was previously married to [[Gladys Knight]].<ref name="AMG rock"/> As a child, Aaliyah traveled with Knight and worked with an agent in New York to audition for commercials and [[television program]]s, including ''[[Family Matters]]''; she went on to appear appeared on ''[[Star Search]]'' at the age of nine.<ref name="Allmusic"/><ref>{{harvnb|Sutherland|2005|p=15}}</ref> She then auditioned for several record labels and appeared in concert alongside Knight at age 11.<ref name="AMG rock"/><ref name="The Independent">{{cite web|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/aaliyah-755377.html|title=Aaliyah - Obituaries, News|last=Perrone|first=Pierre|date=2001-08-27|work=[[The Independent]]|publisher=[[Independent News & Media]]|accessdate=2009-04-04}}</ref>


===1992–1995: ''Age Ain't Nothing But a Number''===
===1991–1995: ''Age Ain't Nothing But a Number''===
After [[Barry Hankerson]] signed a distribution deal with [[Jive Records]], he signed Aaliyah to his [[Blackground Records]] label at the age of 12.<ref>{{harvnb|Farley|2002|p=35}}</ref><ref name="Telegraph">{{cite web|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1338606/Aaliyah.html|title=Aaliyah|date=2001-11-22|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|publisher=Telegraph Media Group|accessdate=2009-05-10}}</ref> Hankerson then introduced her to recording artist and producer [[R. Kelly]].<ref name="The Independent"/> He became Aaliyah's mentor, as well as lead [[songwriter]] and producer of the album.<ref name="Latest Victim">{{cite web|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1077/is_1_57/ai_79515051/|title=Aaliyah: Latest Victim Of Crashes That Cut Short Fame - Obituary|date=2001-11|work=[[FindArticles]]|publisher=[[CBS Corporation]]|accessdate=2009-05-10}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/aaliyah/articles/story/5933021/aaliyah_dies_in_plane_crash|title=Aaliyah Dies in Plane Crash |last=Dansby|first=Andrew|date=2001-08-27|work=[[Rolling Stone]]|publisher=[[Jann Wenner|Wenner Media]]|accessdate=2009-05-10}}</ref> They began recording her debut album, ''[[Age Ain't Nothing But a Number]]'', when she was 14.<ref name="Telegraph"/> Released in June 1994, the album peaked at number 18 on the [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]] and sold over two million copies in the United States.<ref name="Aaliyah albums">{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/#/artist/aaliyah/chart-history/36610?f=305&g=Albums|title=Artist Chart History - Aaliyah - Albums|work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|publisher=[[Nielsen Company|Nielsen Business Media]]|accessdate=2009-07-23}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Pesselnick|first=Jill|date=2001-11-17|title=Madonna Earns Another RIAA Diamond|publisher=Nielsen Business Media|volume=113|issue=46|page=69|issn=0006-2510|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=ExIEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA69&dq|accessdate=2009-05-15}}</ref> Aaliyah's debut single, "[[Back & Forth (song)|Back & Forth]]", topped the ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs]] chart for three weeks and was certified [[music recording sales certification|Gold]] by the [[Recording Industry Association of America|RIAA]].<ref name="Billboard">{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/#/news/chart-beat-bonus-1036092.story|title=Chart Beat Bonus|date=2001-08-31|work=Billboard|publisher=Nielsen Business Media|accessdate=2009-07-23}}</ref><ref name="RIAA">{{cite web|url=http://riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?resultpage=1&table=SEARCH_RESULTS&artist=aaliyah&sort=Artist&perPage=25|title=RIAA - Gold & Platinum|work=[[Recording Industry Association of America|RIAA]]|accessdate=2009-04-14}}</ref> The second single, a [[cover version|cover]] of [[The Isley Brothers]]' "[[At Your Best (You Are Love)]]", peaked at number six on the [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]] and was also certified Gold by the RIAA.<ref name="Billboard"/><ref name="RIAA"/> The title track, "[[Age Ain't Nothing But a Number (song)|Age Ain't Nothing But a Number]]", peaked at number 75 on the Hot 100.<ref name="Billboard"/>
After [[Barry Hankerson]] signed a distribution deal with [[Jive Records]], he signed Aaliyah to his [[Blackground Records]] label at the age of 12.<ref>{{harvnb|Farley|2002|p=35}}</ref><ref name="Telegraph">{{cite web|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1338606/Aaliyah.html|title=Aaliyah|date=2001-11-22|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|publisher=Telegraph Media Group|accessdate=2009-05-10}}</ref> Hankerson then introduced her to recording artist and producer [[R. Kelly]].<ref name="The Independent"/> He became Aaliyah's mentor, as well as lead [[songwriter]] and producer of the album.<ref name="Latest Victim">{{cite web|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1077/is_1_57/ai_79515051/|title=Aaliyah: Latest Victim Of Crashes That Cut Short Fame - Obituary|date=2001-11|work=[[FindArticles]]|publisher=[[CBS Corporation]]|accessdate=2009-05-10}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/aaliyah/articles/story/5933021/aaliyah_dies_in_plane_crash|title=Aaliyah Dies in Plane Crash |last=Dansby|first=Andrew|date=2001-08-27|work=[[Rolling Stone]]|publisher=[[Jann Wenner|Wenner Media]]|accessdate=2009-05-10}}</ref> They began recording her debut album, ''[[Age Ain't Nothing But a Number]]'', when she was 14.<ref name="Telegraph"/> Released in June 1994, the album peaked at number 18 on the [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]] and sold over two million copies in the United States.<ref name="Aaliyah albums">{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/#/artist/aaliyah/chart-history/36610?f=305&g=Albums|title=Artist Chart History - Aaliyah - Albums|work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|publisher=[[Nielsen Company|Nielsen Business Media]]|accessdate=2009-07-23}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Pesselnick|first=Jill|date=2001-11-17|title=Madonna Earns Another RIAA Diamond|publisher=Nielsen Business Media|volume=113|issue=46|page=69|issn=0006-2510|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=ExIEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA69&dq|accessdate=2009-05-15}}</ref> Aaliyah's debut single, "[[Back & Forth (song)|Back & Forth]]", topped the ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs]] chart for three weeks and was certified [[music recording sales certification|Gold]] by the [[Recording Industry Association of America|RIAA]].<ref name="Billboard">{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/#/news/chart-beat-bonus-1036092.story|title=Chart Beat Bonus|date=2001-08-31|work=Billboard|publisher=Nielsen Business Media|accessdate=2009-07-23}}</ref><ref name="RIAA">{{cite web|url=http://riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?resultpage=1&table=SEARCH_RESULTS&artist=aaliyah&sort=Artist&perPage=25|title=RIAA - Gold & Platinum|work=[[Recording Industry Association of America|RIAA]]|accessdate=2009-04-14}}</ref> The second single, a [[cover version|cover]] of [[The Isley Brothers]]' "[[At Your Best (You Are Love)]]", peaked at number six on the [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]] and was also certified Gold by the RIAA.<ref name="Billboard"/><ref name="RIAA"/> The title track, "[[Age Ain't Nothing But a Number (song)|Age Ain't Nothing But a Number]]", peaked at number 75 on the Hot 100.<ref name="Billboard"/>


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Aaliyah attended the [[Detroit School of Arts|Detroit High School for the Performing Arts]], where she majored in [[drama]] and graduated in 1997 with a 4.0 [[grade (education)|grade point average]].<ref name="The Independent"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.usatoday.com/life/music/2001-08-25-aaliyah.htm|title=Aaliyah: A life in the spotlight, lost far too early|last=Jones|first=Steve|date=2001-08-28|work=[[USA Today]]|publisher=[[Gannett Company]]|accessdate=2009-06-11}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Farley|2002|p=77}}</ref> Aaliyah began her acting career that same year; she played herself in the [[police procedural|police drama]] television series ''[[New York Undercover]]''.<ref>{{harvnb|Sutherland|2005|p=79}}</ref> She then released "[[The Thing I Like]]" from the soundtrack of ''[[A Low Down Dirty Shame]]'';<ref name="Farley">{{harvnb|Farley|2002|p=103}}</ref> it peaked at number 33 on the [[UK Singles Chart]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chartstats.com/artistinfo.php?id=586|title=Chart Stats - Aaliyah|work=Chart Stats|accessdate=2009-05-15}}</ref> Aaliyah appeared on the soundtrack album for the [[Fox Animation Studios]] animated feature ''[[Anastasia (1997 movie)|Anastasia]]'', performing a [[cover version]] of "[[Journey to the Past]]".<ref name="Farley"/> The song was nominated for an [[Academy Award]], where she performed the song at the [[70th Academy Awards|1998 Academy Awards ceremony]], becoming the youngest singer to perform at the ceremony.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1355/is_13_100/ai_78545740/|title=Singer Aaliyah, Eight Others Die In Plane Crash In Bahamas|date=2001-09-10|work=FindArticles|publisher=CBS Corporation|accessdate=2009-05-10}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chocolatemagazine.co.uk/features.php?article=39|title=Feature: A–Z of Aaliyah|last=Boobyer|first=Danielle|work=Chocolate|publisher=GET Publishing|accessdate=2009-05-10}}</ref>
Aaliyah attended the [[Detroit School of Arts|Detroit High School for the Performing Arts]], where she majored in [[drama]] and graduated in 1997 with a 4.0 [[grade (education)|grade point average]].<ref name="The Independent"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.usatoday.com/life/music/2001-08-25-aaliyah.htm|title=Aaliyah: A life in the spotlight, lost far too early|last=Jones|first=Steve|date=2001-08-28|work=[[USA Today]]|publisher=[[Gannett Company]]|accessdate=2009-06-11}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Farley|2002|p=77}}</ref> Aaliyah began her acting career that same year; she played herself in the [[police procedural|police drama]] television series ''[[New York Undercover]]''.<ref>{{harvnb|Sutherland|2005|p=79}}</ref> She then released "[[The Thing I Like]]" from the soundtrack of ''[[A Low Down Dirty Shame]]'';<ref name="Farley">{{harvnb|Farley|2002|p=103}}</ref> it peaked at number 33 on the [[UK Singles Chart]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chartstats.com/artistinfo.php?id=586|title=Chart Stats - Aaliyah|work=Chart Stats|accessdate=2009-05-15}}</ref> Aaliyah appeared on the soundtrack album for the [[Fox Animation Studios]] animated feature ''[[Anastasia (1997 movie)|Anastasia]]'', performing a [[cover version]] of "[[Journey to the Past]]".<ref name="Farley"/> The song was nominated for an [[Academy Award]], where she performed the song at the [[70th Academy Awards|1998 Academy Awards ceremony]], becoming the youngest singer to perform at the ceremony.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1355/is_13_100/ai_78545740/|title=Singer Aaliyah, Eight Others Die In Plane Crash In Bahamas|date=2001-09-10|work=FindArticles|publisher=CBS Corporation|accessdate=2009-05-10}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chocolatemagazine.co.uk/features.php?article=39|title=Feature: A–Z of Aaliyah|last=Boobyer|first=Danielle|work=Chocolate|publisher=GET Publishing|accessdate=2009-05-10}}</ref>


===2000–2001: ''Romeo Must Die'' and eponymous album===
===2000–2001: ''Aaliyah''===
In 2000, Aaliyah landed her first major movie role in ''[[Romeo Must Die]]''. A loose adaptation of [[William Shakespeare]]'s ''[[Romeo and Juliet]]'', Aaliyah starred opposite martial artist [[Jet Li]], playing a couple who fall in love amid their warring families. It grossed [[United States dollar|$]]18.6 million in its first weekend, ranking number two at the box office.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,85088,00.html|title='Romeo' and Julia |last=Wolk|first=Josh|date=2000-03-26|work=[[Entertainment Weekly]]|publisher=[[Time Inc.|Time]]|accessdate=2009-05-10}}</ref> In addition to acting, Aaliyah served as an executive producer of the [[Romeo Must Die (soundtrack)|film soundtrack]], where she contributed four songs.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2001/08/27/arts/aaliyah-22-singer-who-first-hit-the-charts-at-14.html|title=Aaliyah, 22, Singer Who First Hit the Charts at 14|last=Pareles|first=Jon|date=2001-08-27|work=[[The New York Times]]|publisher=[[The New York Times Company]]|accessdate=2009-05-10}}</ref> "[[Try Again]]" was released as a single from the soundtrack; the song topped the [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]], making Aaliyah the first artist to top the chart based solely on [[airplay (radio)|radio airplay]]; this led the song to be released in a [[12-inch single|12" vinyl]] and [[gramophone record|7" single]].<ref name="Billboard"/><ref>{{harvnb|Bronson|2003|p=896}}</ref> The video for the song earned Aaliyah [[MTV Video Music Award for Best Female Video|Best Female Video]] and [[MTV Video Music Award for Best Video from a Film|Best Video from a Film]] at the [[2000 MTV Video Music Awards]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/915759.stm|title=MTV Video Music Awards: The winners|date=2000-09-08|work=[[BBC News]]|accessdate=2009-05-21}}</ref> It also earned her a [[Grammy Award]] nomination for Best Female R&B Vocalist.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/1510034.stm|title=R&B's Aaliyah dies in plane crash|date=2001-08-26|work=BBC News|accessdate=2009-05-21}}</ref> The soundtrack went on to sell 1.5 million copies in the United States.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/#/news/aaliyah-returns-to-music-963309.story|title=Aaliyah Returns To Music|last=Hall|first=Rashaun|date=2001-07-20|work=Billboard|publisher=Nielsen Business Media|accessdate=2009-07-23}}</ref>
In 2000, Aaliyah landed her first major movie role in ''[[Romeo Must Die]]''. A loose adaptation of [[William Shakespeare]]'s ''[[Romeo and Juliet]]'', Aaliyah starred opposite martial artist [[Jet Li]], playing a couple who fall in love amid their warring families. It grossed [[United States dollar|$]]18.6 million in its first weekend, ranking number two at the box office.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,85088,00.html|title='Romeo' and Julia |last=Wolk|first=Josh|date=2000-03-26|work=[[Entertainment Weekly]]|publisher=[[Time Inc.|Time]]|accessdate=2009-05-10}}</ref> In addition to acting, Aaliyah served as an executive producer of the [[Romeo Must Die (soundtrack)|film soundtrack]], where she contributed four songs.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2001/08/27/arts/aaliyah-22-singer-who-first-hit-the-charts-at-14.html|title=Aaliyah, 22, Singer Who First Hit the Charts at 14|last=Pareles|first=Jon|date=2001-08-27|work=[[The New York Times]]|publisher=[[The New York Times Company]]|accessdate=2009-05-10}}</ref> "[[Try Again]]" was released as a single from the soundtrack; the song topped the [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]], making Aaliyah the first artist to top the chart based solely on [[airplay (radio)|radio airplay]]; this led the song to be released in a [[12-inch single|12" vinyl]] and [[gramophone record|7" single]].<ref name="Billboard"/><ref>{{harvnb|Bronson|2003|p=896}}</ref> The video for the song earned Aaliyah [[MTV Video Music Award for Best Female Video|Best Female Video]] and [[MTV Video Music Award for Best Video from a Film|Best Video from a Film]] at the [[2000 MTV Video Music Awards]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/915759.stm|title=MTV Video Music Awards: The winners|date=2000-09-08|work=[[BBC News]]|accessdate=2009-05-21}}</ref> It also earned her a [[Grammy Award]] nomination for Best Female R&B Vocalist.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/1510034.stm|title=R&B's Aaliyah dies in plane crash|date=2001-08-26|work=BBC News|accessdate=2009-05-21}}</ref> The soundtrack went on to sell 1.5 million copies in the United States.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/#/news/aaliyah-returns-to-music-963309.story|title=Aaliyah Returns To Music|last=Hall|first=Rashaun|date=2001-07-20|work=Billboard|publisher=Nielsen Business Media|accessdate=2009-07-23}}</ref>


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The [[aviation accidents and incidents|plane crashed]] shortly after takeoff, about {{convert|200|ft|m|-1}} from the runway.<ref name="MTV News"/> Aaliyah, [[aviator|pilot]] Luis Morales III, hair stylist Eric Forman, Anthony Dodd, [[security guard]] Scott Gallin, [[video production|video producer]] Douglas Kratz, stylist Christopher Maldonado, and [[Blackground Records]] employees Keith Wallace and Gina Smith were killed.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://archives.cnn.com/2001/SHOWBIZ/Music/08/26/death.aaliyah/|title=U.S. investigators to probe Aaliyah crash|date=2001-08-27|work=CNN|accessdate=2009-04-08}}</ref> According to findings from an inquest conducted by the coroner's office in The Bahamas, Aaliyah suffered from "severe burns and a blow to the head", in addition to severe shock. The coroner theorized that, even if Aaliyah had survived the crash, her recovery would have been virtually impossible given the severity of her injuries.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.caribbeannetnews.com/2003/11/21/aaliyah.htm|title=Bahamas Coroner delivers verdict in Aaliyah death crash|date=2003-11-21|work=Caribbean News|accessdate=2007-02-07}}</ref> The [[National Transportation Safety Board]] (NTSB) report stated that "the airplane was seen lifting off the runway, and then nose down, impacting in a marsh on the south side of the departure end of runway 27."<ref name="NTSB">{{cite web|url=http://www.ntsb.gov/ntsb/brief2.asp?ev_id=20010907X01905&ntsbno=MIA01RA225&akey=1|title=NTSB Identification: MIA01RA225|work=[[National Transportation Safety Board]]|accessdate=2009-06-11}}</ref> It also indicated that the pilot was not approved to pilot the plane he was attempting to fly. Morales falsely obtained his [[Federal Aviation Administration]] (FAA) license by showing hundreds of hours never flown, and he may also have falsified how many hours he had flown in order to get a job with his employer, Blackhawk International Airways.<ref>{{harvnb|Simmonds|2008|p=455}}</ref> Additionally, an [[autopsy]] performed on Morales revealed traces of [[cocaine]] and [[alcohol]] in his system.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2003/11/19/entertainment/main584494.shtml|title=Aaliyah Crash Pilot Was On Cocaine|last=Holguin|first=Jaime|date=2003-11-11|work=CBS News|accessdate=2009-04-07}}</ref>
The [[aviation accidents and incidents|plane crashed]] shortly after takeoff, about {{convert|200|ft|m|-1}} from the runway.<ref name="MTV News"/> Aaliyah, [[aviator|pilot]] Luis Morales III, hair stylist Eric Forman, Anthony Dodd, [[security guard]] Scott Gallin, [[video production|video producer]] Douglas Kratz, stylist Christopher Maldonado, and [[Blackground Records]] employees Keith Wallace and Gina Smith were killed.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://archives.cnn.com/2001/SHOWBIZ/Music/08/26/death.aaliyah/|title=U.S. investigators to probe Aaliyah crash|date=2001-08-27|work=CNN|accessdate=2009-04-08}}</ref> According to findings from an inquest conducted by the coroner's office in The Bahamas, Aaliyah suffered from "severe burns and a blow to the head", in addition to severe shock. The coroner theorized that, even if Aaliyah had survived the crash, her recovery would have been virtually impossible given the severity of her injuries.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.caribbeannetnews.com/2003/11/21/aaliyah.htm|title=Bahamas Coroner delivers verdict in Aaliyah death crash|date=2003-11-21|work=Caribbean News|accessdate=2007-02-07}}</ref> The [[National Transportation Safety Board]] (NTSB) report stated that "the airplane was seen lifting off the runway, and then nose down, impacting in a marsh on the south side of the departure end of runway 27."<ref name="NTSB">{{cite web|url=http://www.ntsb.gov/ntsb/brief2.asp?ev_id=20010907X01905&ntsbno=MIA01RA225&akey=1|title=NTSB Identification: MIA01RA225|work=[[National Transportation Safety Board]]|accessdate=2009-06-11}}</ref> It also indicated that the pilot was not approved to pilot the plane he was attempting to fly. Morales falsely obtained his [[Federal Aviation Administration]] (FAA) license by showing hundreds of hours never flown, and he may also have falsified how many hours he had flown in order to get a job with his employer, Blackhawk International Airways.<ref>{{harvnb|Simmonds|2008|p=455}}</ref> Additionally, an [[autopsy]] performed on Morales revealed traces of [[cocaine]] and [[alcohol]] in his system.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2003/11/19/entertainment/main584494.shtml|title=Aaliyah Crash Pilot Was On Cocaine|last=Holguin|first=Jaime|date=2003-11-11|work=CBS News|accessdate=2009-04-07}}</ref>

[[File:Ferncliff.jpg|left|thumb|The entrance to [[Ferncliff Cemetery]], where Aaliyah was buried]]


Further investigations determined the plane was over its total gross weight by 700 pounds and was loaded with one more passenger than it was allowed to carry.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1456119/20020716/aaliyah.jhtml|title=Cocaine, Alcohol Found In Pilot Of Aaliyah's Plane|last=Moss|first=Corey|date=2002-07-16|work=MTV News|accessdate=2009-06-17}}</ref> John Frank of the Cessna Pilots Association stated that the plane was "definitely overloaded".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1448577/20010831/aaliyah.jhtml|title=Report Shows Aaliyah's Plane Was Overloaded|last=Schumacher-Rasmussen|first=Eric|date=2001-08-31|work=MTV News|accessdate=2009-07-02}}</ref> The NTSB reported that the total gross weight of the place was "substantially exceeded", which caused the center of gravity to be pushed too far [[aft]].<ref name="NTSB"/> Aaliyah's funeral was held on August 31, 2001, at the Saint Ignatius Loyola Church in [[New York]], which was attended by over 800 mourners.<ref name="Latest Victim"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2001/08/26/entertainment/main308179.shtml|title=Hundreds Say Good-Bye To Aaliyah|last=Miliano|first=Lou|date=2001-08-31|work=[[CBS News]]|accessdate=2009-04-24}}</ref> After service, 22 white [[columbidae|dove]]s were released to symbolize each year of her life.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1448581/20010831/aaliyah.jhtml|title=Fans, Artists Pay Last Respects To Aaliyah|last=Reid|first=Shaheem|date=2001-08-31|work=MTV News|accessdate=2009-06-17}}</ref> Aaliyah was buried at the [[Ferncliff Cemetery]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,622609,00.html|title=Friday: Funeral, Memorial for Aaliyah|last=Silverman|first=Stephen M.|date=2001-08-31|work=People|publisher=Time|accessdate=2009-07-02}}</ref>
Further investigations determined the plane was over its total gross weight by 700 pounds and was loaded with one more passenger than it was allowed to carry.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1456119/20020716/aaliyah.jhtml|title=Cocaine, Alcohol Found In Pilot Of Aaliyah's Plane|last=Moss|first=Corey|date=2002-07-16|work=MTV News|accessdate=2009-06-17}}</ref> John Frank of the Cessna Pilots Association stated that the plane was "definitely overloaded".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1448577/20010831/aaliyah.jhtml|title=Report Shows Aaliyah's Plane Was Overloaded|last=Schumacher-Rasmussen|first=Eric|date=2001-08-31|work=MTV News|accessdate=2009-07-02}}</ref> The NTSB reported that the total gross weight of the place was "substantially exceeded", which caused the center of gravity to be pushed too far [[aft]].<ref name="NTSB"/> Aaliyah's funeral was held on August 31, 2001, at the Saint Ignatius Loyola Church in [[New York]], which was attended by over 800 mourners.<ref name="Latest Victim"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2001/08/26/entertainment/main308179.shtml|title=Hundreds Say Good-Bye To Aaliyah|last=Miliano|first=Lou|date=2001-08-31|work=[[CBS News]]|accessdate=2009-04-24}}</ref> After service, 22 white [[columbidae|dove]]s were released to symbolize each year of her life.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1448581/20010831/aaliyah.jhtml|title=Fans, Artists Pay Last Respects To Aaliyah|last=Reid|first=Shaheem|date=2001-08-31|work=MTV News|accessdate=2009-06-17}}</ref> Aaliyah was buried at the [[Ferncliff Cemetery]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,622609,00.html|title=Friday: Funeral, Memorial for Aaliyah|last=Silverman|first=Stephen M.|date=2001-08-31|work=People|publisher=Time|accessdate=2009-07-02}}</ref>
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The day of the crash was Morales' first official day with Blackhawk International Airways, an FAA Part 135 single-pilot operation. In addition, Morales was not registered with the FAA to fly for Blackhawk. As a result of the accident, a [[wrongful death claim|wrongful death]] lawsuit was filed by Aaliyah's parents and was later settled out of court for an undisclosed amount.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,624572,00.html|title=Aaliyah Remembered One Year Later|last=Silverman|first=Stephen M.|date=2002-08-26|work=[[People (magazine)|People]]|publisher=Time|accessdate=2009-04-04}}</ref> Barry & Sons, Inc., a corporation formed in 1992 to develop, promote and capitalize Aaliyah and to oversee the production and distribution of her records and music videos, brought an unsuccessful lawsuit in the [[New York Supreme Court]] against Instinct Productions LLC, the company that was hired in August 2001 to produce the music video for "[[Rock the Boat (Aaliyah song)|Rock the Boat]]". The case was dismissed due to New York's wrongful death statute only permitting certain people to recover damages for wrongful death.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1495396/20050107/aaliyah.jhtml|title=Aaliyah's Label Can't Sue Video Producer Who Booked Ill-Fated Flight|last=Rashbaum|first=Alyssa|date=2005-01-07|work=MTV News|accessdate=2009-06-17}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.courts.state.ny.us/reporter/3dseries/2005/2005_00096.htm|title=Barry & Sons, Inc. v Instinct Prods. LLC|last=Sullivan|first=J.|date=2005-01-06|work=New York State Law Reporting Bureau|accessdate=2009-06-11}}</ref>
The day of the crash was Morales' first official day with Blackhawk International Airways, an FAA Part 135 single-pilot operation. In addition, Morales was not registered with the FAA to fly for Blackhawk. As a result of the accident, a [[wrongful death claim|wrongful death]] lawsuit was filed by Aaliyah's parents and was later settled out of court for an undisclosed amount.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,624572,00.html|title=Aaliyah Remembered One Year Later|last=Silverman|first=Stephen M.|date=2002-08-26|work=[[People (magazine)|People]]|publisher=Time|accessdate=2009-04-04}}</ref> Barry & Sons, Inc., a corporation formed in 1992 to develop, promote and capitalize Aaliyah and to oversee the production and distribution of her records and music videos, brought an unsuccessful lawsuit in the [[New York Supreme Court]] against Instinct Productions LLC, the company that was hired in August 2001 to produce the music video for "[[Rock the Boat (Aaliyah song)|Rock the Boat]]". The case was dismissed due to New York's wrongful death statute only permitting certain people to recover damages for wrongful death.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1495396/20050107/aaliyah.jhtml|title=Aaliyah's Label Can't Sue Video Producer Who Booked Ill-Fated Flight|last=Rashbaum|first=Alyssa|date=2005-01-07|work=MTV News|accessdate=2009-06-17}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.courts.state.ny.us/reporter/3dseries/2005/2005_00096.htm|title=Barry & Sons, Inc. v Instinct Prods. LLC|last=Sullivan|first=J.|date=2005-01-06|work=New York State Law Reporting Bureau|accessdate=2009-06-11}}</ref>


===2001–2005: Posthumous career===
===Posthumous career===
The week after Aaliyah's death, her third studio album, ''[[Aaliyah (album)|Aaliyah]]'', rose from number 19 to number one on the [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/#/news/aaliyah-posthumously-tops-album-chart-1046803.story|title=Aaliyah Posthumously Tops Album Chart|last=Martens|first=Todd|date=2001-09-06|work=Billboard|publisher=Nielsen Business Media|accessdate=2009-07-23}}</ref> "[[Rock the Boat (Aaliyah song)|Rock the Boat]]" became a posthumous single, peaking at number 14 on the [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]] and number two on ''Billboard'' [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs]] chart.<ref name="singles chart">{{cite web|url=http://allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&searchlink=AALIYAH&sql=11:fxfwxqe5ldde~T51|title=Aaliyah = Charts & Awards|work=Allmusic|accessdate=2009-07-23}}</ref> The song was also included on the ''[[Now That's What I Call Music! 8 (U.S. series)|Now That's What I Call Music! 8]]'' compilation series; a portion of the album's profits were donated to the Aaliyah Memorial Fund.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/#/news/now-8-dedicated-to-aaliyah-1108342.story|title='NOW! 8' Dedicated To Aaliyah|last=Jeckell|first=Barry A.|date=2001-11-16|work=Billboard|publisher=Nielsen Business Media|accessdate=2009-07-23}}</ref> The following two singles from ''Aaliyah'', "[[More than a Woman (Aaliyah song)|More than a Woman]]" and "[[I Care 4 U (song)|I Care 4 U]]", peaked within the top 25 of the ''Billboard'' Hot 100.<ref name="singles chart"/> The album was certified double [[music recording sales certification|Platinum]] by the [[Recording Industry Association of America|RIAA]] and sold 2.5 million copies in the United States.<ref name="RIAA"/><ref name="IC4U">{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/#/news/holiday-sales-keep-shania-up-on-top-1780686.story|title=Holiday Sales Keep Shania 'Up' On Top|last=Martens|first=Todd|date=2002-12-18|work=Billboard|publisher=Nielsen Business Media|accessdate=2009-07-23}}</ref>
The week after Aaliyah's death, her third studio album, ''[[Aaliyah (album)|Aaliyah]]'', rose from number 19 to number one on the [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/#/news/aaliyah-posthumously-tops-album-chart-1046803.story|title=Aaliyah Posthumously Tops Album Chart|last=Martens|first=Todd|date=2001-09-06|work=Billboard|publisher=Nielsen Business Media|accessdate=2009-07-23}}</ref> "[[Rock the Boat (Aaliyah song)|Rock the Boat]]" became a posthumous single, peaking at number 14 on the [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]] and number two on ''Billboard'' [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs]] chart.<ref name="singles chart">{{cite web|url=http://allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&searchlink=AALIYAH&sql=11:fxfwxqe5ldde~T51|title=Aaliyah = Charts & Awards|work=Allmusic|accessdate=2009-07-23}}</ref> The song was also included on the ''[[Now That's What I Call Music! 8 (U.S. series)|Now That's What I Call Music! 8]]'' compilation series; a portion of the album's profits were donated to the Aaliyah Memorial Fund.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/#/news/now-8-dedicated-to-aaliyah-1108342.story|title='NOW! 8' Dedicated To Aaliyah|last=Jeckell|first=Barry A.|date=2001-11-16|work=Billboard|publisher=Nielsen Business Media|accessdate=2009-07-23}}</ref> The following two singles from ''Aaliyah'', "[[More than a Woman (Aaliyah song)|More than a Woman]]" and "[[I Care 4 U (song)|I Care 4 U]]", peaked within the top 25 of the ''Billboard'' Hot 100.<ref name="singles chart"/> The album was certified double [[music recording sales certification|Platinum]] by the [[Recording Industry Association of America|RIAA]] and sold 2.5 million copies in the United States.<ref name="RIAA"/><ref name="IC4U">{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/#/news/holiday-sales-keep-shania-up-on-top-1780686.story|title=Holiday Sales Keep Shania 'Up' On Top|last=Martens|first=Todd|date=2002-12-18|work=Billboard|publisher=Nielsen Business Media|accessdate=2009-07-23}}</ref>


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In 2005, Aaliyah's second compilation album, ''[[Ultimate Aaliyah]]'' was released in the UK by Blackground Records.<ref name="Ultimate">{{cite web|url=http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=10:gxfuxqwsldje|title=Ultimate Aaliyah Overview|last=Kellman|first=Andy|date=2005|publisher=Allmusic|accessdate=2009-06-23}}</ref> ''Ultimate Aaliyah'' is a three disc set which comprises a greatest hits audio CD, a second audio CD which includes music from the ''Romeo Must Die'' soundtrack and songs by other artists on which Aaliyah is featured, and a DVD.<ref name="Ultimate"/> Andy Kellman of Allmusic remarked "''Ultimate Aaliyah'' adequately represents the shortened career of a tremendous talent who benefited from some of the best songwriting and production work by Timbaland, Missy Elliott, and R. Kelly."<ref name="Ultimate"/>
In 2005, Aaliyah's second compilation album, ''[[Ultimate Aaliyah]]'' was released in the UK by Blackground Records.<ref name="Ultimate">{{cite web|url=http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=10:gxfuxqwsldje|title=Ultimate Aaliyah Overview|last=Kellman|first=Andy|date=2005|publisher=Allmusic|accessdate=2009-06-23}}</ref> ''Ultimate Aaliyah'' is a three disc set which comprises a greatest hits audio CD, a second audio CD which includes music from the ''Romeo Must Die'' soundtrack and songs by other artists on which Aaliyah is featured, and a DVD.<ref name="Ultimate"/> Andy Kellman of Allmusic remarked "''Ultimate Aaliyah'' adequately represents the shortened career of a tremendous talent who benefited from some of the best songwriting and production work by Timbaland, Missy Elliott, and R. Kelly."<ref name="Ultimate"/>

==Musical style and image==
{{Listen|filename=Aaliyah - More Than a Woman sample.ogg|title="More Than a Woman" (2001)|description=As her albums progressed, [[music critic]]s felt that Aaliyah had matured, noting a "near-flawless declaration of strength and independence".<ref name="Rolling Stone">{{cite web|url=http://www.rollingstone.com/reviews/album/123191/review/6067616/aaliyah|title=Aaliyah - Aaliyah - Review|last=Hardy|first=Ernest|date=2001-08-02|work=Rolling Stone|publisher=Wenner Media|accessdate=2009-05-10}}</ref>|format=[[Ogg]]|pos=right}}
Aaliyah had a [[vocal range]] of a [[soprano]].<ref name="The Independent"/> With the release of her debut single "[[Back & Forth (song)|Back & Forth]]", Dimitri Ehrlich of ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]'' expressed that Aaliyah's "silky vocals are more agile than those of self-proclaimed queen of hip-hop soul [[Mary J. Blige]]."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,302670,00.html|title=Age Ain't Nothing But a Number - Music Review|last=Ehrlich|first=Dimitri|date=1994-06-17|work=Entertainment Weekly|publisher=Time|accessdate=2009-04-04}}</ref> Aaliyah described her sound as "street but sweet", which featured her "gentle" vocals over a "hard" [[beat (music)|beat]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,168489,00.html|title=Street But Sweet|last=Farley|first=Christopher John|date=2001-07-22|work=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|publisher=Time|accessdate=2009-05-21}}</ref> Though Aaliyah did not write any of her own material,<ref name="The Independent"/> her lyrics were described to be in-depth.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.slantmagazine.com/music/music_review.asp?ID=424|title=Slant Magazine Music Review: Aaliyah: Age Ain't Nothing But A Number|last=Cinquemani|first=Sal|date=2001|work=Slant Magazine|accessdate=2009-04-04}}</ref><ref name="eponymous">{{cite web|url=http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=A180e4jj75wat|title=Aaliyah - Overview|last=Erlewine|first=Stephen Thomas|work=Allmusic|accessdate=2009-04-04}}</ref> She incorporated [[contemporary R&B|R&B]], [[pop music|pop]] and [[hip hop music|hip hop]] into her music. Her songs were often uptempo and [[melancholia|melancholy]], revolving around matters of the heart.<ref name="Aaliyah review">{{cite web|url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,168502~4~~aaliyah,00.html|title=Aaliyah - Music Review|last=Seymour|first=Craig|date=2001-06-23|work=Entertainment Weekly|publisher=Time|accessdate=2009-04-04}}</ref><ref name="Rolling Stone"/> Her songs have been said to have "crisp production" and "staccato arrangements" that "extend genre boundaries" while containing "old-school" [[soul music]]. When experimenting with other genres, such as [[Latin pop]] and [[heavy metal music|heavy metal]], writers panned the attempt.<ref name="Aaliyah review"/>

As her albums progressed, writers felt that Aaliyah matured, calling her progress a "declaration of strength and independence".<ref name="eponymous"/><ref name="Rolling Stone"/> [[Stephen Thomas Erlewine]] of [[Allmusic]] described her eponymous album, ''[[Aaliyah (album)|Aaliyah]]'', as "a statement of maturity and a stunning artistic leap forward" and called it one of the strongest urban soul records of its time.<ref name="eponymous"/> She portrayed "unfamiliar sounds, styles and emotions", but managed to please critics with the contemporary sound it contained.<ref name="eponymous"/> Ernest Hardy of ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' felt that Aaliyah reflected a stronger technique, where she gave her best vocal performance.<ref name="Rolling Stone"/> Others felt that she was "satisfying rather than extraordinary", stating that she added little to modern R&B.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nme.com/reviews/aaliyah/5400|title=Aaliyah - Aaliyah - Album Reviews|last=Mulvey |first=John|date=2001-07-11|work=[[NME]]|publisher=Time|accessdate=2009-04-04}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/reviews/album-aaliyah-677489.html|title= Album: Aaliyah - Reviews, Music|date=2001-07-13|work=The Independent|publisher=Independent News & Media|accessdate=2009-04-05}}</ref>

As an artist, Aaliyah often voiced that she was inspired by a number of performers. These include [[Michael Jackson]], [[Stevie Wonder]], [[Sade Adu|Sade]], [[En Vogue]], [[Nine Inch Nails]], [['N Sync]], [[Korn]], [[Britney Spears]], [[The Notorious B.I.G.]], [[Prince (musician)|Prince]], [[Naughty by Nature]], [[Johnny Mathis]] and [[Janet Jackson]].<ref name="Aaliyah">{{harvnb|Sutherland|2005|p=8–10}}</ref> Aaliyah expressed that Michael Jackson's ''[[Thriller (album)|Thriller]]'' was her "favorite album" and that "[n]othing will ever top ''Thriller''."<ref name="Aaliyah"/> She stated that she admired Sade because "she stays true to her style no matter what... she's an amazing artist, an amazing performer... and I absolutely love her."<ref name="Aaliyah"/> Aaliyah expressed Janet Jackson—whom she had drawn frequent comparison to over the course of her career—was someone she had always desired to work with, stating "I admire her a great deal. She's a total performer... I'd love to do a duet with Janet Jackson."<ref name="Aaliyah"/><ref>Actually, she's a streetwise Jackson with a far more soulful song selection. The gritty beats just don't stop on "One in a Million," which, a la Jackson, has one track after another aching for sensual choreography. {{citation|last1=Drennen|first1=Eileen M.|last2=Murray|first2=Sonia|last3=Hamilton|first3=Doug|last4=Dollar|first4=Steve|last5=Henry|first5=Derrick|last6= Janich|first6=Kathy|last7=DeVault|first7=Russ |title=Home Entertainment The Latest In Music, Videos And Books New Music Mini Reviews Review|newspaper=[[The Atlanta Journal-Constitution]]|date=1996-08-09|page=G.06}}</ref><ref>Kelly, who produced Aaliyah's 1994 hits "Back and Forth" and "At Your Best (You Are Love)," took a girl with admittedly thin vocal chops--but a truckload of poise and precocity--and turned her into the most convincing studio-produced marvel this side of "Control"-era Janet Jackson. {{citation|last=Johnson|first=Connie|title= Aaliyah's Spirit Sounds Like a 'Million'|newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=1996-09-28|page=8|issn=04583035}}</ref><ref>Aaliyah is a contemporary of those other barely-post-adolescent R&B crooners, from Mya to Monica to Brandy et al. But with her edge and attitude—not to mention dance skills—the 21-year-old actually has more in common with Janet Jackson. {{citation|last=Wiltz|first=Teresa|title=Aaliyah's Peek Performance|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|date=2001-07-22|page=G.02|issn=01908286}}</ref> Jackson reciprocated Aaliyah's affections, commenting "I've loved her from the beginning because she always comes out and does something different, musically." Jackson also stated she would have enjoyed collaborating with Aaliyah.<ref name="Aaliyah"/>

Since the beginning of her career, Aaliyah focused on her public image. She often wore baggy clothes and sunglasses, stating that she "wanted to be me".<ref>{{harvnb|Sutherland|2005|p=51}}</ref> She described her image as being "important… to differentiate yourself from the rest of the pack".<ref>{{harvnb|Sutherland|2005|p=52}}</ref> She often wore black clothing, which led women in the United States and Japan to utilize her look.<ref name="The Independent"/><ref name="Sutherland">{{harvnb|Sutherland|2005|p=53}}</ref> Aaliyah participated in fashion designer [[Tommy Hilfiger]]'s All America Tour and was featured in Tommy Jean ads, which depicted her in [[boxer shorts]], baggy jeans and a [[tube top]]. Hilfiger's brother, [[Andy Hilfiger|Andy]], called it "a whole new look" that was "classy but sexy".<ref name="Sutherland"/> When she changed her hairstyle, Aaliyah took her mother's advice to cover her left eye, much like [[Veronica Lake]].<ref>{{harvnb|Sutherland|2005|p=54}}</ref> In 1998, Aaliyah hired a [[personal trainer]] to keep in shape. She exercised five days a week and ate [[diet food]]s.<ref>{{harvnb|Sutherland|2005|p=50}}</ref> Aaliyah was praised for her "clean-cut image" and "moral values".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://archives.cnn.com/2001/SHOWBIZ/Music/08/26/death.aaliyah/|title=U.S. investigators to probe Aaliyah crash|date=2001-08-27|work=CNN|accessdate=2009-05-21}}</ref>


==Legacy==
==Legacy==
Line 94: Line 82:
* ''[[I Care 4 U]]'' (2002)
* ''[[I Care 4 U]]'' (2002)
* ''[[Ultimate Aaliyah]]'' (2005)
* ''[[Ultimate Aaliyah]]'' (2005)
* [[Blackground Records|TBA]] (2011)
{{col-end}}
{{col-end}}


Revision as of 22:08, 8 August 2009

This article is about the singer. For her self-titled album, see Aaliyah (album).
Aaliyah

Aaliyah Dana Haughton (January 16, 1979 – August 25, 2001), who performed under the mononym Aaliyah (Template:PronEng), was an American recording artist, actress and model. She was born in Brooklyn, New York, and was raised in Detroit, Michigan. At an early age, she appeared on Star Search and performed in concert alongside Gladys Knight. At age 12, Aaliyah was signed to Jive Records and Blackground Records by her uncle, Barry Hankerson. He introduced her to R. Kelly, who became her mentor, as well as lead songwriter and producer of her debut album. Age Ain't Nothing But a Number sold two million copies in the United States and was certified double Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). After facing allegations of an illegal marriage with Kelly, Aaliyah ended her contract with Jive and signed to Atlantic Records.

Aaliyah worked with record producers Timbaland and Missy Elliott for her second album, One in a Million, which sold two million copies in the United States and over eight million copies worldwide. In 2000, Aaliyah appeared in her first major film, Romeo Must Die. She also contributed to the film's soundtrack, where "Try Again" was released as a single. The song topped the Billboard Hot 100 solely on radio airplay, making Aaliyah the first artist in Billboard history to achieve this feat. "Try Again" earned Aaliyah a Grammy Award nomination for Best Female R&B Vocalist.

After filming Romeo Must Die, Aaliyah filmed her part in Queen of the Damned. She released her third and final album, Aaliyah, in 2001. On August 25, 2001, Aaliyah and eight others were killed in an airplane crash in The Bahamas after filming the music video for the single "Rock the Boat". The pilot, Luis Morales III, was unlicensed at the time of the accident and had traces of cocaine and alcohol in his system. Aaliyah's family later filed a wrongful death lawsuit against Blackhawk International Airways, which was settled out of court. Since then, Aaliyah has achieved commercial success with several posthumous releases. Selling over 24 million records worldwide, she has been credited for helping redefine R&B and hip hop and has been named the "Queen of Urban Pop".

Life and career

1979–1990: Early life

Aaliyah Dana Haughton was born on January 16, 1979, in Brooklyn, New York City, New York.[1] Born of African American and Native American descent,[2][3] she was the second and youngest child of Diane and Michael Haughton.[4] At a young age, Aaliyah was enrolled in voice lessons by her mother.[1] When she was five years old, her family moved to Detroit, Michigan, where she was raised along with her older brother, Rashad.[5][6] She attended a Catholic school, Gesu Elementary, where she received a part in the stage play Annie in first grade; from then on, she was determined to be an entertainer.[7] Aaliyah's mother was a vocalist, and her uncle, Barry Hankerson, was an entertainment lawyer who was previously married to Gladys Knight.[6] As a child, Aaliyah traveled with Knight and worked with an agent in New York to audition for commercials and television programs, including Family Matters; she went on to appear appeared on Star Search at the age of nine.[1][8] She then auditioned for several record labels and appeared in concert alongside Knight at age 11.[6][9]

1991–1995: Age Ain't Nothing But a Number

After Barry Hankerson signed a distribution deal with Jive Records, he signed Aaliyah to his Blackground Records label at the age of 12.[10][11] Hankerson then introduced her to recording artist and producer R. Kelly.[9] He became Aaliyah's mentor, as well as lead songwriter and producer of the album.[12][13] They began recording her debut album, Age Ain't Nothing But a Number, when she was 14.[11] Released in June 1994, the album peaked at number 18 on the Billboard 200 and sold over two million copies in the United States.[14][15] Aaliyah's debut single, "Back & Forth", topped the Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart for three weeks and was certified Gold by the RIAA.[16][17] The second single, a cover of The Isley Brothers' "At Your Best (You Are Love)", peaked at number six on the Billboard Hot 100 and was also certified Gold by the RIAA.[16][17] The title track, "Age Ain't Nothing But a Number", peaked at number 75 on the Hot 100.[16]

With the release of Age Ain't Nothing But a Number, rumors began to circulate of a relationship between Aaliyah and Kelly.[9][18] Shortly after, rumors of a secret marriage began with the release of "Age Ain't Nothing But a Number" and the adult content that Kelly had written for Aaliyah.[19] Vibe magazine later revealed a marriage certificate that listed the couple, where they were allegedly married on August 31, 1994, in Sheraton Gateway Suites in Rosemont, Illinois.[9][19] Aaliyah, who was 15 at the time, was listed as 18 on the certificate; the illegal marriage was reportedly annulled by her parents.[12][19] The pair continued to deny marriage allegations, stating that neither was married.[18]

1996–1999: One in a Million

"If Your Girl Only Knew" (1996)
In her second album, Aaliyah was noted for having "smoother, more seductive, and stronger" singing.[20]
Problems playing this file? See media help.

In 1996, Aaliyah left Jive Records and signed to Atlantic Records.[9] She worked with record producers Timbaland and Missy Elliott, who contributed to her second studio album, One in a Million.[6] The album yielded "If Your Girl Only Knew", which topped the Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs for two weeks.[16] It also generated the singles "Hot like Fire" and "4 Page Letter"; the following year, Aaliyah was featured on Timbaland & Magoo's debut single, "Up Jumps da Boogie".[21] One in a Million peaked at number 18 on the Billboard 200,[14] selling over two million copies in the United States and over eight million copies worldwide.[22][23]

Aaliyah attended the Detroit High School for the Performing Arts, where she majored in drama and graduated in 1997 with a 4.0 grade point average.[9][24][25] Aaliyah began her acting career that same year; she played herself in the police drama television series New York Undercover.[26] She then released "The Thing I Like" from the soundtrack of A Low Down Dirty Shame;[27] it peaked at number 33 on the UK Singles Chart.[28] Aaliyah appeared on the soundtrack album for the Fox Animation Studios animated feature Anastasia, performing a cover version of "Journey to the Past".[27] The song was nominated for an Academy Award, where she performed the song at the 1998 Academy Awards ceremony, becoming the youngest singer to perform at the ceremony.[29][30]

2000–2001: Aaliyah

In 2000, Aaliyah landed her first major movie role in Romeo Must Die. A loose adaptation of William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet, Aaliyah starred opposite martial artist Jet Li, playing a couple who fall in love amid their warring families. It grossed $18.6 million in its first weekend, ranking number two at the box office.[31] In addition to acting, Aaliyah served as an executive producer of the film soundtrack, where she contributed four songs.[32] "Try Again" was released as a single from the soundtrack; the song topped the Billboard Hot 100, making Aaliyah the first artist to top the chart based solely on radio airplay; this led the song to be released in a 12" vinyl and 7" single.[16][33] The video for the song earned Aaliyah Best Female Video and Best Video from a Film at the 2000 MTV Video Music Awards.[34] It also earned her a Grammy Award nomination for Best Female R&B Vocalist.[35] The soundtrack went on to sell 1.5 million copies in the United States.[36]

After Romeo Must Die, Aaliyah began to film for her second film, Queen of the Damned. She had the role of an ancient vampire, Queen Akasha, which she described as a "manipulative, crazy, sexual being".[11] She was scheduled to film for the sequels of The Matrix as the character Zee.[9][37] Aaliyah went on to release her eponymous album, Aaliyah, in July 2001. Produced primarily by Timbaland,[1] the album debuted at number two on the Billboard 200, selling 187,000 copies in its first week.[38] The first single from the album, "We Need a Resolution", peaked at number 59 on the Billboard Hot 100.[16]

Plane crash, death and wrongful death lawsuit

On August 25, 2001, at 6:45 pm (EST), Aaliyah and various members of her record company boarded a twin engine Cessna 402B (N8097W) at Marsh Harbour, Abaco Islands, The Bahamas, to travel to an airport in Opa-locka, Florida, after they completed filming the music video for "Rock the Boat".[39] The crew had a flight scheduled the following day, but Aaliyah and her entourage were eager to return to the United States due to the filming finishing early, so they demanded that their heavy equipment be loaded on the plane rather than left behind. It resulted in the aircraft being well beyond the standard weight and balance tolerance provided by Cessna.[40]

The plane crashed shortly after takeoff, about 200 feet (60 m) from the runway.[39] Aaliyah, pilot Luis Morales III, hair stylist Eric Forman, Anthony Dodd, security guard Scott Gallin, video producer Douglas Kratz, stylist Christopher Maldonado, and Blackground Records employees Keith Wallace and Gina Smith were killed.[41] According to findings from an inquest conducted by the coroner's office in The Bahamas, Aaliyah suffered from "severe burns and a blow to the head", in addition to severe shock. The coroner theorized that, even if Aaliyah had survived the crash, her recovery would have been virtually impossible given the severity of her injuries.[42] The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) report stated that "the airplane was seen lifting off the runway, and then nose down, impacting in a marsh on the south side of the departure end of runway 27."[43] It also indicated that the pilot was not approved to pilot the plane he was attempting to fly. Morales falsely obtained his Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) license by showing hundreds of hours never flown, and he may also have falsified how many hours he had flown in order to get a job with his employer, Blackhawk International Airways.[44] Additionally, an autopsy performed on Morales revealed traces of cocaine and alcohol in his system.[45]

Further investigations determined the plane was over its total gross weight by 700 pounds and was loaded with one more passenger than it was allowed to carry.[46] John Frank of the Cessna Pilots Association stated that the plane was "definitely overloaded".[47] The NTSB reported that the total gross weight of the place was "substantially exceeded", which caused the center of gravity to be pushed too far aft.[43] Aaliyah's funeral was held on August 31, 2001, at the Saint Ignatius Loyola Church in New York, which was attended by over 800 mourners.[12][48] After service, 22 white doves were released to symbolize each year of her life.[49] Aaliyah was buried at the Ferncliff Cemetery.[50]

The day of the crash was Morales' first official day with Blackhawk International Airways, an FAA Part 135 single-pilot operation. In addition, Morales was not registered with the FAA to fly for Blackhawk. As a result of the accident, a wrongful death lawsuit was filed by Aaliyah's parents and was later settled out of court for an undisclosed amount.[51] Barry & Sons, Inc., a corporation formed in 1992 to develop, promote and capitalize Aaliyah and to oversee the production and distribution of her records and music videos, brought an unsuccessful lawsuit in the New York Supreme Court against Instinct Productions LLC, the company that was hired in August 2001 to produce the music video for "Rock the Boat". The case was dismissed due to New York's wrongful death statute only permitting certain people to recover damages for wrongful death.[52][53]

Posthumous career

The week after Aaliyah's death, her third studio album, Aaliyah, rose from number 19 to number one on the Billboard 200.[54] "Rock the Boat" became a posthumous single, peaking at number 14 on the Billboard Hot 100 and number two on Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.[55] The song was also included on the Now That's What I Call Music! 8 compilation series; a portion of the album's profits were donated to the Aaliyah Memorial Fund.[56] The following two singles from Aaliyah, "More than a Woman" and "I Care 4 U", peaked within the top 25 of the Billboard Hot 100.[55] The album was certified double Platinum by the RIAA and sold 2.5 million copies in the United States.[17][57]

She went on to win two posthumous awards at the American Music Awards of 2002; Favorite Female R&B Artist and Favorite R&B/Soul Album for Aaliyah.[58] Her second and final film, Queen of the Damned, was released in February 2002. Before its release, Aaliyah's brother, Rashad, re-dubbed part of her lines during post-production.[59][60] It grossed $15.2 million in its first weekend, ranking number one at the box office.[61] In December 2002, a collection of previously unreleased material was released as Aaliyah's first posthumous album, I Care 4 U. A portion of proceeds was donated to the Aaliyah Memorial Fund, a program that benefits the Revlon UCLA Women Cancer Research Program and Harlem's Sloan Kettering Cancer Center.[62] It debuted at number three on the Billboard 200, selling 280,000 copies in its first week.[57] The album's lead single, "Miss You", peaked at number three on the Billboard Hot 100 and topped the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.[55] In August of the following year, clothing retailer Christian Dior donated profits from sales in honor of Aaliyah.[63]

Aaliyah was signed to appear in future films, including Honey (recast to Jessica Alba);[64] Some Kind of Blue and a Whitney Houston-produced remake of the 1976 film Sparkle were cancelled due to Aaliyah's death.[2][65] Before her death, Aaliyah had filmed part of her role in The Matrix Reloaded and was scheduled to appear in The Matrix Revolutions as Zee.[21] The role was later recast to Nona Gaye.[37] With the release of the Matrix Ultimate Collection series, clips of Aaliyah were included in the tribute section.[66]

In 2005, Aaliyah's second compilation album, Ultimate Aaliyah was released in the UK by Blackground Records.[67] Ultimate Aaliyah is a three disc set which comprises a greatest hits audio CD, a second audio CD which includes music from the Romeo Must Die soundtrack and songs by other artists on which Aaliyah is featured, and a DVD.[67] Andy Kellman of Allmusic remarked "Ultimate Aaliyah adequately represents the shortened career of a tremendous talent who benefited from some of the best songwriting and production work by Timbaland, Missy Elliott, and R. Kelly."[67]

Legacy

Aaliyah has been credited for helping redefine R&B and hip hop in the 1990s, "leaving an indelible imprint on the music industry as a whole."[68][69] Steve Huey of Allmusic wrote Aaliyah ranks among the "elite" artists of the R&B genre, as she "played a major role in popularizing the stuttering, futuristic production style that consumed hip-hop and urban soul in the late '90s."[70] Described as one of "R&B's most important artists" during the 1990s,[71] her second studio album, One in a Million, became one of the most influential R&B albums of the decade.[72] According to Sal Cinquemani of Slant Magazine, Aaliyah provided a "missing link between hip-hop and electronica".[73] Having sold 8.1 million albums in the United States and over 24 million records worldwide,[74][75] Aaliyah has been named the "Queen of Urban Pop"[76] and "prove[d] she was a muse in her own right".[77] Ernest Hardy of Rolling Stone dubbed her as the "undisputed queen of the midtempo come-on".[78]

Aaliyah was honored at the 2001 MTV Video Music Awards by Janet Jackson, Missy Elliott, Timbaland, Ginuwine and her brother, Rashad, who all paid tribute to her.[79] In the same year, the United States Social Security Administration ranked the name Aaliyah one of the 100 most popular names for newborn girls.[80] Aaliyah was ranked as one of "The Top 40 Women of the Video Era" and "100 Sexiest Artists" in VH1's 2003 The Greatest series.[81][82] She was also ranked at number 18 on BET's "Top 25 Dancers of All Time".[83] In memory of Aaliyah, the Entertainment Industry Foundation created the Aaliyah Memorial Fund to donate money raised to charities she supported.[84][85]

Discography

Main article: Aaliyah discography

Filmography

Television
Year Title Role Notes
1997 New York Undercover Herself "Fade Out" (season 3, episode 65)
Film
Year Title Role Notes
2000 Romeo Must Die Trish O'Day
2002 Queen of the Damned Queen Akasha Posthumous release

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d Huey, Steve. "Aaliyah - Biography". Allmusic. Retrieved 2008-11-08.
  2. ^ a b "Vibe Magazine's Emil Wilbekin: Remembering Aaliyah". CNN. 2001-08-27. Retrieved 2009-05-06.
  3. ^ Sutherland 2005, p. 9
  4. ^ Sutherland 2005, p. 1
  5. ^ Kenyatta 2002, p. 3
  6. ^ a b c d Bogdanov, Woodstra & Erlewine 2002, p. 1
  7. ^ Farley 2002, p. 23
  8. ^ Sutherland 2005, p. 15
  9. ^ a b c d e f g Perrone, Pierre (2001-08-27). "Aaliyah - Obituaries, News". The Independent. Independent News & Media. Retrieved 2009-04-04.
  10. ^ Farley 2002, p. 35
  11. ^ a b c "Aaliyah". The Daily Telegraph. Telegraph Media Group. 2001-11-22. Retrieved 2009-05-10.
  12. ^ a b c "Aaliyah: Latest Victim Of Crashes That Cut Short Fame - Obituary". FindArticles. CBS Corporation. 2001-11. Retrieved 2009-05-10. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  13. ^ Dansby, Andrew (2001-08-27). "Aaliyah Dies in Plane Crash". Rolling Stone. Wenner Media. Retrieved 2009-05-10.
  14. ^ a b "Artist Chart History - Aaliyah - Albums". Billboard. Nielsen Business Media. Retrieved 2009-07-23.
  15. ^ Pesselnick, Jill (2001-11-17). "Madonna Earns Another RIAA Diamond". 113 (46). Nielsen Business Media: 69. ISSN 0006-2510. Retrieved 2009-05-15. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  16. ^ a b c d e f "Chart Beat Bonus". Billboard. Nielsen Business Media. 2001-08-31. Retrieved 2009-07-23.
  17. ^ a b c "RIAA - Gold & Platinum". RIAA. Retrieved 2009-04-14.
  18. ^ a b Kenyatta 2002, p. 25
  19. ^ a b c "R. Kelly: Indecent Proposal". Vibe. Vibe Media Group. 2008-09-18. Retrieved 2009-05-14.
  20. ^ Stanley, Leo. "One in a Million - Overview". Allmusic. Retrieved 2009-06-21.
  21. ^ a b "Singer Aaliyah, Eight Others Die in Plane Crash in Bahamas". Jet. Johnson Publishing Company: 56. 2001-09-10. ISSN 0021-5996. Retrieved 2009-06-21.
  22. ^ Sullivan, Caroline (2001-08-27). "Obituary: Aaliyah". The Guardian. Guardian Media Group. Retrieved 2009-04-24.
  23. ^ Simmonds 2008, p. 454
  24. ^ Jones, Steve (2001-08-28). "Aaliyah: A life in the spotlight, lost far too early". USA Today. Gannett Company. Retrieved 2009-06-11.
  25. ^ Farley 2002, p. 77
  26. ^ Sutherland 2005, p. 79
  27. ^ a b Farley 2002, p. 103
  28. ^ "Chart Stats - Aaliyah". Chart Stats. Retrieved 2009-05-15.
  29. ^ "Singer Aaliyah, Eight Others Die In Plane Crash In Bahamas". FindArticles. CBS Corporation. 2001-09-10. Retrieved 2009-05-10.
  30. ^ Boobyer, Danielle. "Feature: A–Z of Aaliyah". Chocolate. GET Publishing. Retrieved 2009-05-10.
  31. ^ Wolk, Josh (2000-03-26). "'Romeo' and Julia". Entertainment Weekly. Time. Retrieved 2009-05-10.
  32. ^ Pareles, Jon (2001-08-27). "Aaliyah, 22, Singer Who First Hit the Charts at 14". The New York Times. The New York Times Company. Retrieved 2009-05-10.
  33. ^ Bronson 2003, p. 896
  34. ^ "MTV Video Music Awards: The winners". BBC News. 2000-09-08. Retrieved 2009-05-21.
  35. ^ "R&B's Aaliyah dies in plane crash". BBC News. 2001-08-26. Retrieved 2009-05-21.
  36. ^ Hall, Rashaun (2001-07-20). "Aaliyah Returns To Music". Billboard. Nielsen Business Media. Retrieved 2009-07-23.
  37. ^ a b Goodman, Abbey (2002-04-11). "Aaliyah's 'Matrix' Role To Be Given To Nona Gaye". MTV News. Retrieved 2009-04-14.
  38. ^ Martens, Todd (2001-07-26). "Keys Wards Off Aaliyah, Foxy At No. 1". Billboard. Nielsen Business Media. Retrieved 2009-07-23.
  39. ^ a b Schumacher-Rasmussen, Eric (2001-08-26). "Aaliyah Killed In Plane Crash". MTV News. Retrieved 2009-04-09.
  40. ^ Peisner, David (2009-04-01). "10 Worst Rock Star Plane Crashes". Blender. Alpha Media Group. Retrieved 2009-04-07.
  41. ^ "U.S. investigators to probe Aaliyah crash". CNN. 2001-08-27. Retrieved 2009-04-08.
  42. ^ "Bahamas Coroner delivers verdict in Aaliyah death crash". Caribbean News. 2003-11-21. Retrieved 2007-02-07.
  43. ^ a b "NTSB Identification: MIA01RA225". National Transportation Safety Board. Retrieved 2009-06-11.
  44. ^ Simmonds 2008, p. 455
  45. ^ Holguin, Jaime (2003-11-11). "Aaliyah Crash Pilot Was On Cocaine". CBS News. Retrieved 2009-04-07.
  46. ^ Moss, Corey (2002-07-16). "Cocaine, Alcohol Found In Pilot Of Aaliyah's Plane". MTV News. Retrieved 2009-06-17.
  47. ^ Schumacher-Rasmussen, Eric (2001-08-31). "Report Shows Aaliyah's Plane Was Overloaded". MTV News. Retrieved 2009-07-02.
  48. ^ Miliano, Lou (2001-08-31). "Hundreds Say Good-Bye To Aaliyah". CBS News. Retrieved 2009-04-24.
  49. ^ Reid, Shaheem (2001-08-31). "Fans, Artists Pay Last Respects To Aaliyah". MTV News. Retrieved 2009-06-17.
  50. ^ Silverman, Stephen M. (2001-08-31). "Friday: Funeral, Memorial for Aaliyah". People. Time. Retrieved 2009-07-02.
  51. ^ Silverman, Stephen M. (2002-08-26). "Aaliyah Remembered One Year Later". People. Time. Retrieved 2009-04-04.
  52. ^ Rashbaum, Alyssa (2005-01-07). "Aaliyah's Label Can't Sue Video Producer Who Booked Ill-Fated Flight". MTV News. Retrieved 2009-06-17.
  53. ^ Sullivan, J. (2005-01-06). "Barry & Sons, Inc. v Instinct Prods. LLC". New York State Law Reporting Bureau. Retrieved 2009-06-11.
  54. ^ Martens, Todd (2001-09-06). "Aaliyah Posthumously Tops Album Chart". Billboard. Nielsen Business Media. Retrieved 2009-07-23.
  55. ^ a b c "Aaliyah = Charts & Awards". Allmusic. Retrieved 2009-07-23.
  56. ^ Jeckell, Barry A. (2001-11-16). "'NOW! 8' Dedicated To Aaliyah". Billboard. Nielsen Business Media. Retrieved 2009-07-23.
  57. ^ a b Martens, Todd (2002-12-18). "Holiday Sales Keep Shania 'Up' On Top". Billboard. Nielsen Business Media. Retrieved 2009-07-23.
  58. ^ D'Angelo, Joe (2002-01-10). "Alicia Keys, Destiny's Child, Aaliyah Excel At AMAs". MTV News. Retrieved 2009-04-09.
  59. ^ Silverman, Stephen M. (2002-04-11). "Nona Gaye to Fill in for Aaliyah". People. Time. Retrieved 2009-05-16.
  60. ^ "Movie Preview - Queen of the Damned". Entertainment Weekly. Time. 2002-02-08. Retrieved 2009-05-16.
  61. ^ "Aaliyah film tops US box office". BBC News. 2002-02-25. Retrieved 2009-05-16.
  62. ^ Cohen, Jonathan (2002-10-28). "Unreleased Aaliyah Track Hits The Net". Billboard. Nielsen Business Media. Retrieved 2009-04-24.
  63. ^ "Aaliyah Honoured By Dior". Vogue. Condé Nast Publications. 2003-08-05. Retrieved 2009-04-24.
  64. ^ "Honey (2003)". Torque. SPH Magazines: 103. 2008-07. ISSN 0218-7868. Retrieved 2009-06-21. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  65. ^ Bautz, Mark (2001-08-26). "Music News - Obituary". Entertainment Weekly. Time. Retrieved 2009-05-06.
  66. ^ Sutherland 2005, p. 101
  67. ^ a b c Kellman, Andy (2005). "Ultimate Aaliyah Overview". Allmusic. Retrieved 2009-06-23.
  68. ^ Cinquemani, Sal (2001). "Aaliyah: Age Ain't Nothing But A Number". Slant Magazine. Retrieved 2009-05-17.
  69. ^ Cinquemani, Sal. "Aaliyah (1979-2001)". Slant Magazine. Retrieved 2009-05-10. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  70. ^ Huey, Steve (2009). "Aaliyah: Biography". Allmusic. Retrieved 2009-06-22.
  71. ^ Bush, John. "I Care 4 U - Overview". Allmusic. Retrieved 2009-07-01.
  72. ^ Cinquemani, Sal (2001). "Slant Magazine Music Review: Aaliyah: One In A Million". Slant Magazine. Retrieved 2009-04-04.
  73. ^ Cinquemani, Sal (2001-07-17). "Aaliyah: Aaliyah - Music Review". Slant Magazine. Retrieved 2009-07-01.
  74. ^ Caulfield, Keith (2008-12-12). "Ask Billboard: 'Titanic,' Mid-'90s Singers, Tori Amos". Billboard. Nielsen Business Media. Retrieved 2009-04-24.
  75. ^ Eliot 2008, p. 38
  76. ^ "VH1's 'Behind the Music: Aaliyah' Profiles Soaring Young Singer Whose Life Ended in Recent Tragic Plane Crash When Latest Episode of Emmy-Nominated Hit Series Premieres Sunday, October 14 At 9:00 P.M. (ET/PT)". PR Newswire. 2001-10-03. Retrieved 2009-06-09.
  77. ^ Seymour, Craig (2002-12-13). "I Care 4 U". Entertainment Weekly. Time. Retrieved 2009-07-01.
  78. ^ Cite error: The named reference Rolling Stone was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  79. ^ D'Angelo, Joe (2001-09-06). "Janet, Missy, Others Honor Aaliyah During VMAs". MTV News. Retrieved 2009-06-17.
  80. ^ Brackett & Hoard 2004, p. 1
  81. ^ "The Greatest - Ep. 71 '50 Greatest Women of the Video Era'". VH1. Retrieved 2009-06-15.
  82. ^ "Madonna Tops the List as VH1 Counts Down Music's '100 Sexiest Artists' In Five-Hour, Five Night Special, Premiering September 23-27 at 10:00 P.M. (ET/PT)". PR Newswire. 2003-09-19. Retrieved 2009-06-15.
  83. ^ "Top 25 Dancers". BET. 2008-02-01. Retrieved 2009-06-15.
  84. ^ Endrst, James (2003-08-04). "Celebs party in Aaliyah's honor". USA Today. Gannett Company. Retrieved 2009-06-17.
  85. ^ Sutherland 2005, p. 205

References

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