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Missionary Sons of the Immaculate Heart of Mary
Claretians
Congregatio Missionariorum Filiorum Immaculati Cordis Beatae Mariae Virginis
Formation16 July 1849; 175 years ago (16 July 1849)
FounderSt. Anthony Mary Claret
TypeClerical Religious Congregation of Pontifical Right (for Men)
HeadquartersVia del Sacro Cuore di Maria, 5, 00197 Roma, Italia
Membership (2017)
3,028 members (2,258 priests)
Superior General
Fr.Mathew Vattamattam, CMF
Post nominal initials
C.M.F.
Websiteclaret.org

The Claretians, formally the Congregation of Missionaries, Sons of the Immaculate Heart of the Blessed Virgin Mary (Template:Lang-la; abbreviation C.M.F. for Cordis Mariae Filii), are a community of Roman Catholic priests and brothers, founded in 1849 by Anthony Mary Claret. They are active as missionaries worldwide, in more than 65 countries on five continents. The number of Claretian priests and brothers is estimated at more than 3,000.[year needed][1] The Congregation has a particular devotion to the Immaculate Heart of Mary[1] and members have published extensively in Mariology.[2]

History

Main article: Anthony Mary Claret

The Congregation of the "Missionary Sons of the Immaculate Heart of Mary" was founded by Anthony Mary Claret on July 16, 1849 at the seminary in Vic, in the province of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.[3]

Claret had been thinking for a long time about preparing priests to proclaim the Gospel and bring together a group of priests who shared his vision to accomplish work he could not do alone. Through his missionary work in Catalonia and the Canary Islands he was convinced that people needed to be evangelized and there were not enough priests who were sufficiently prepared or zealous enough for this mission. Only 20 days after the CMF's founding, Claret received news of his appointment as Archbishop of Cuba,[3] which he accepted despite his reluctance. The Congregation was left under the guidance of one of the co-founders, Esteban Sala, who died in 1858. Another co-founder, José Xifré, took over the directorship.[4] Under his leadership the Congregation established its first mission in Equatorial Guinea.

With the coming of the Revolution of 1868, the Congregation was suppressed by the state and all the Missionaries had to seek refuge in France. Archbishop Claret also went into exile there.[3] He played a major role editing the Constitutions, which the Holy See approved on February 11, 1870, only a few months before his death. At this time the institute had its first martyr, Francisco Crusats. Archbishop Claret, the founder, had the great satisfaction of seeing new foundations established throughout Spain, as well as in Africa (Argel), and in Latin America in México, Chile, and also, in the Philippines.[5]

The missionaries often faced extreme hardships. Of the eleven that made up the first expedition to Cuba all but two died a few days after arriving on the island. During the Mexican Revolution, Father Andres Sola died a martyr; and in the Spanish Civil War, 270 missionary priests, brothers and students were killed. Among them are the "51 Blessed Martyrs of Barbastro", members of the Claretian community at the seminary in Barbastro, Spain who were executed in August 1936, including nine priests and five brothers. Two were spared as they were foreigners from Argentina.[6] These 51 Claretian Martyrs were the companions of the 18 Benedictine Martyrs of El Pueyo, Barbastro. They were beatified by Pope John Paul II on 25 October 1992, and are commemorated on 25 October.[7] The relics of all fifty-one martyrs are kept at their original seminary in Barbastro, which now functions as a museum and chapel.

Coat of arms of the Claretians

From 1949 to 1952 the missionaries were expelled from China. In 1973 through the instrumentality of Fr Christian Ihedoro, the Congregation came to Nigeria.[8] In May 2000 Father Rhoel Gallardo was murdered by Islamic separatists in Mindanao.[5]

Publications

The Congregation has an academic publishing company, Editiones Institutum Iuridicum Claretianum (Ediurcla), based in Rome.[9] Their journal Commentarium pro Religiosis has been appearing since 1920, from 1935 as Commentarium pro Religiosis et Missionariis (abbreviated CRM, ISSN 1124-0172).

A number of "Claretian publishing houses" are united in the Claret Publishing Group, including Misioneros Claretianos (Sevilla), Editorial Claretiana (Buenos Aires), Misioneros Claretianos (Madrid), Claretian Communications Foundation Inc. (Quezon City, formerly Claretian Publications, established 1981[10]) Claretian Publications (Bangalore[11]) and Congregation Des Missionaires Claretians (Yaoundé).[12] Another publisher called Claretian Publications is based in Chicago, Illinois[13] and[clarification needed] Skokie, Illinois. It issues the magazine U.S. Catholic.[14]

Organization

ECLA - Europe Conference

  • Santiago Province (Spain (Aragón, Asturias, Cantabria, Castilla-León, Castilla La Mancha, Galicia, La Rioja, Madrid, Valencia) Paris (France), Zürich (Schweiz), european Russia).
  • Fátima Province (Portugal, Spain ( Andalucía, Extremadura, Canarias), United Kingdom-Ireland, Zimbabwue).
  • Sanctus Paulus Province (Italy, France, Spain (Catalunya, Euskal Herria, Navarra)).
  • Deutschland Province (Germany, Osterreich, Schweiz).
  • Polska Province (Poland, Belarús, Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, Rep. Cesko, Russia).

ASCLA EAST - East Asia Conference

  • East Asia Delegation (Japan, China, Taiwan).
  • Fr. Rhoel Gallardo Province (Philippines, Australia, Vietnam, Myanmar).
  • Indonesia-Timor Leste Independent Delegation.
  • Korea Independent Delegation.

ASCLA WEST - West Asia Conference

  • India
    • Bangalore Province
    • Chennai Province
    • St. Thomas Province
    • Kolkata Independent Delegation
    • Northeast India Independent Delegation
  • St. Jospeh Vaz Independent Delegation (Sri Lanka).

ACLA - Africa Conference

  • East Nigeria Province (Nigeria (except the states of Delta, Edo, Ekiti, Kogi, Kwara, Lagos, Niger, Ogun, Ondo, Osun, Oyo, Federal D. of Abuja); Chad; Ghana).
  • West Nigeria Independent Delegation (States of Delta, Edo, Ekiti, Kogi, Kwara, Lagos, Niger, Ogun, Ondo, Osun, Oyo, Federal D. of Abuja).
  • Cameroun Independet Delegation.
  • Congo Independet Delegation.
  • St. Charle Lwanga Independet Delegation (Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda).
  • Padre Xifré Independet Delegation (Guinea Ecuatorial, Gabon).
  • Mãe da África Independet Delegation (Angola, São Tomé e Príncipe).

MICLA - América Conference

  • Antillas Independet Delegation (Cuba, Haití, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico).
  • USA-Canada Province.
  • México Province.
  • Centroamérica Province (Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama).
  • Colombia-Venezuela Province.
  • Colombia-Ecuador Province.
  • Brazil Province (Brazil, Mozambique).
  • Perú-Bolivia Province.
  • San José del Sur Province (Argentina, Chile, Paraguay, Uruguay).

By location

California

Fr. Aloysius Ellacuria, CMF

The Missionary Sons of the Immaculate Heart of Mary in Rome (aka: The Claretians), had come to Southern California by way of Mexico in the early 1900s, working in Los Angeles inner city missions. Since 1908 the Claretians have operated the historic La Iglesia de Nuestra Señora Reina de los Angeles in Pueblo de Los Angeles near Downtown Los Angeles, as well as Mission San Gabriel, one of the original Spanish missions in California.[15]

One noted member of the Claretian community in the Los Angeles area was Aloysius Ellacuria, C.M.F., born in Spain, who arrived there in 1930. He spent nearly fifty years in various position of the congregation in the American Southwest, but mostly Los Angeles. He became known as a man of deep faith, who touched thousands in his ministry and is considered by many as a mystic. The cause for his canonization is under consideration by the congregation, after hundreds of requests prompted the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Los Angeles to refer the matter to them.[16]

From 1952 to 1977 The Claretians also served from the Theological Seminary of Claretville and Immaculate Heart Claretian novitiate, on the former King Gillette Ranch in Calabasas, located in the Santa Monica Mountains of rural western Los Angeles County. The Thomas Aquinas College was also here from 1971 until moving to a permanent campus in Santa Paula, California in 1975. The land and structures are now part of Malibu Creek State Park.[17]

The Claretians returned to their original Southern California location, the Dominguez Seminary near the Dominguez Rancho Adobe of Rancho San Pedro, in Rancho Dominguez, California near Long Beach.

Our Lady of Guadelupe church, South Chicago, Chicago

National Shrine of St. Jude, Chicago

Main article: National Shrine of Saint Jude (United States)

The national shrine of St. Jude was founded by Father James Tort, C.M.F., pastor of Our Lady of Guadalupe Church in Chicago, Illinois, United States. Many of Tort's parishioners were laborers in the nearby steel mills, which were drastically cutting back their work forces early in 1929.[18] Tort was saddened to see that about 90% of his parishioners were without jobs and in difficult financial situations.

In an effort to lift the spirits of his parishioners, Tort began regular devotions to Saint Jude. The first novena honoring the saint was held on February 17, 1929.[18] During the Depression of the 1930s and during World War II, thousands of men, women, and children attended novenas at the shrine and devotion to the patron saint of desperate causes spread throughout the country.[19]

United Kingdom

Buckden Towers

The community established the parish of the Immaculate Heart of Mary in Hayes in 1912 to offer services to Spanish speaking immigrants in the London area. The parish ministry continues to serve the different immigrant communities that pass through Hayes. Buckden Towers was left by a Mrs Edelston to the diocese of Northampton. It served as the Claretians Junior Seminary until 1965. Parish work was undertaken in the area, especially in the American Air bases at Chalveston, Alconbury and Molesworth. Then in 1969 the diocese of Northampton asked the Claretians to make Buckden Towers a parish under the title of St Hugh of Lincoln. The parish has grown in numbers and the Bishop of East Anglia asked the Claretians to take over the parish of St Neots as well in 2011.[20] In 1997 the Claretians took over the multi-ethnic and multi-lingual parish of St Josephs, Leyton, Brentwood diocese.[21]

In India

At the invitation by the Bishop of Quilon, Fr. Peter Schweiger, the Claretian General Superior visited India in May 1956 to see the conditions for Claretian mission expansion. Later in 1961 Bishop Sebastian Vayalil of Pala diocese, Kerala, facilitated the selection of candidates for the congregation. Accordingly, five students from India were sent to Germany for their studies, of whom Fr. Joseph Madhavath is the first Indian Claretian priest, ordained on 27 July 1968. Under the guidance of Fr. Franz Dirnberger, the Claretians grew in numbers and spread all over India. As of January 2018 there are three provinces, one independent delegation and one dependent delegation of Claretians in India with more than 500 full pledged members.

In the Philippines

After the end of World War II, the Claretians arrived in the Philippines and took over Sta. Barbara Parish, Sta. Barbara, Pangasinan upon the invitation by the late Bishop Mariano Aspiras Madriaga, D.D. of the then Diocese of Lingayen-Dagupan. The first Claretian missionaries in the Philippines were Fr. Raymond Catalan, CMF, Fr. Arcadio Hortelano Martin, CMF and Fr. Thomas Mitchell, CMF. Through the years, the Claretians were able to establish different institutions like Claret Schools of Quezon City and Zamboanga, Claret College of Isabela, Claretian Publications Philippines (now Claretian Communications Foundation, Inc.). Likewise, they managed mission areas especially in Mindanao.[22]

In Portugal

In Portugal, the Claretians direct the Pio XII University College, in Lisbon, and the Internal College of Carvalhos, in Vila Nova de Gaia, and also they have the Seminary of the Heart of Mary and a large Host and Spirituality House in Cova da Iria, Fatima, near the Sanctuary of Our Lady of the Rosary of Fatima.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Who is a Claretian?", St. Thomas Province of the Clarentians
  2. ^ O'Carroll, Michael. Theotokos: A Theological Encyclopedia of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Wipf and Stock Publishers, 2000 ISBN 9781579104542
  3. ^ a b c "The Congregation", Claretian Missionaries-USA
  4. ^ "About us", The Claretian Missionaries, Rome
  5. ^ a b "The Beginnings", Claretian Missionaries, Sri Lanka
  6. ^ Valderrabano cmf, Jose Felix. "The Martyr Seminary"
  7. ^ Bunson, Matthew et al. "Martyrs of Barbastro, Blessed", Our Sunday Visitor's Encyclopedia of Saints, OSV Publishing, 2003 ISBN 9781931709750
  8. ^ ""History", Claretian Missionaries, Delegation of West Nigeria". Archived from the original on 2015-02-06. Retrieved 2016-01-25.
  9. ^ ediurcla.it
  10. ^ claretianpublications.com
  11. ^ claretianpublications.org
  12. ^ bibleclaret.org
  13. ^ shrineofstjude.org
  14. ^ uscatholic.org
  15. ^ Arnold, Richard J., San Gabriel, Arcadia Publishing, 2013 ISBN 9781467130615
  16. ^ Levy, Francis X., Aloysius, Llumina Press, 2013 ISBN 9781605949970
  17. ^ Guide to King Gillette Ranch Archived November 8, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
  18. ^ a b "History of the Claretians and the National Shrine of St. Jude", National Shrine of St. Jude, Chicago, Illinois
  19. ^ Orsi, Robert A., Thank You, St. Jude: Womens Devotion to the Patron Saint of Hopeless Causes, Yale University Press, 2014 ISBN 9780300162691
  20. ^ St. Joseph and St. Hugh, Catholic Parish of St. Neots and Buckden
  21. ^ Claretian Missionaries, United Kingdom and Ireland
  22. ^ "Claret Philippines".
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