View source for Hungarian diaspora

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[[File:Map of the Hungarian Diaspora in the World.svg|thumb|300x300px|Hungarian diaspora in the world (includes people with Hungarian ancestry or citizenship).<br />
{{Legend|#000000|Hungary}}
{{Legend|#024730|+1,000,000}}
{{Legend|#007050|+100,000}}
{{Legend|#05C182|+10,000}}
{{Legend|#99F2C7|+1,000}}]]
[[File:MagyarsOutsideHungary.png|right|thumb|300px|Areas with ethnic Hungarian majorities in the neighboring countries of Hungary, according to László Sebők.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sebok1.adatbank.transindex.ro/legbelso.php3?nev=KozEu|title=Sebők László's ethnic map of Central and Southeastern Europe|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090226163228/http://sebok1.adatbank.transindex.ro/legbelso.php3?nev=KozEu|archive-date=2009-02-26}}</ref>]]
There are two main groups of the '''Hungarian diaspora''': the first group includes those who are autochthonous to their homeland and live outside Hungary since the border changes of the post-[[World War I]] [[Treaty of Trianon]] of 1920.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dea.lib.unideb.hu/dea/bitstream/handle/2437/132096/Mathey%20%c3%89va%20doktori%20%c3%a9rtekez%c3%a9s_titkositott.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y|title=Chasing a Mirage: Hungarian Revisionist Search for U.S. Support to Dismantle the Trianon Peace Treaty, 1920–1938|accessdate=2021-05-08|last=Mathey|first=Éva|date=2012-09-14|format=PDF|work=The Trianon Syndrome and Treaty Revision|publisher=University of Debrecen|pages=38–39|language=English|quote=Since the Great Powers who dictated the peace terms disregarded the principle of national self-determination in Hungary’s case and did not draw the new borders of Hungary to follow ethnic and linguistic lines, 3.3 million ethnic [[Hungarians]] were lost to the successor states.}}</ref><ref group="note">During [[World War II]], some areas were regained by Hungary but later lost after the 1947 [[Paris Peace Treaties, 1947|Treaty of Paris]].</ref> The victorious forces redrew the borders of Hungary so that it runs through Hungarian-majority areas. As a consequence, 3.3 million Hungarians found themselves outside the new borders. Although those Hungarians are usually not included in the term "Hungarian diaspora",<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.magyarokegyhelyen.hu/diaszpora-es-szorvany|title=Diaspora and scattering|accessdate=2021-05-05|language=Hungarian|quote=Hungarian communities abroad can be divided into at least two major categories. On the one hand, the so-called indigenous (autochthonous) minority communities – established as a result of border changes, mainly the new state borders set out in the Treaty of Trianon. On the other hand, diaspora communities of migratory (allochthonous) origin.}}</ref> they are listed as such in this article. The other main group is the emigrants who left Hungary at various times (such as the [[Hungarian Revolution of 1956]]). There has been some emigration since Hungary joined the EU in 2004, especially to countries such as Germany,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bamf.de/SharedDocs/Anlagen/DE/Publikationen/Migrationsberichte/migrationsbericht-2012.pdf?__blob=publicationFile|title=See page 21 of this report|access-date=2014-04-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171025011622/http://www.bamf.de/SharedDocs/Anlagen/DE/Publikationen/Migrationsberichte/migrationsbericht-2012.pdf?__blob=publicationFile|archive-date=2017-10-25|url-status=dead}}</ref> but those patterns have been less extensive than for certain other countries of [[Central Europe]] such as [[Poland]] and [[Slovakia]].

Additionally, there is the [[Magyarab people]], a small ethnic group located in Egypt and Sudan.<ref>{{Cite web |last=huconedit |date=2023-06-19 |title=Magyarabs, the Descendants of Hungarians in Africa {{!}} Hungarian Conservative |url=https://www.hungarianconservative.com/articles/culture_society/magyarabs_descendants_of_hungarians_africa_egypt_sudan_hungarian_identity_collective_memory/ |access-date=2023-08-24 |website=www.hungarianconservative.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Distribution by country ==

{| class="wikitable"
! Country
! Hungarian population
! Note
! Article
|-
|bgcolor=#BEE8C2 colspan=4 align=center| '''Neighboring countries'''
|-
|{{flag|Romania}} || 1,002,151 ([[2021 Romanian census|2021]])<ref name="Székelyhon">{{cite web |title=Mintha városok ürültek volna ki |trans-title=As if cities had been emptied |url=https://szekelyhon.ro/aktualis/csikszek/szekelyfoldon-is-fogy-a-nepesseg |last=Széchely |first=István |website=Székelyhon |lang=hu |date=3 January 2023 |access-date=24 January 2023}}</ref> (excluding [[Csángós]])<ref>[http://www.recensamant.ro/datepr/tbl4.html 1,370 persons]  {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090302004629/http://www.recensamant.ro/datepr/tbl4.html |date=March 2, 2009 }} declared themselves Csángós at the 2002 Romanian census. Some estimates of the Csángó population run higher. For instance, the [http://assembly.coe.int/Documents/WorkingDocs/doc01/EDOC9078.htm Council of Europe] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081002012613/http://assembly.coe.int/Documents/WorkingDocs/doc01/edoc9078.htm |date=2008-10-02 }} suggests a figure as high as 260,000.</ref> || [[Ethnic groups in Europe|Native]] to [[Transylvania]],<ref>{{cite book|author=Patrick Heenan, Monique Lamontagne|title=The Central and Eastern Europe Handbook|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8Lg03OMRgywC&pg=PA70|year=1999|isbn=978-1-57958-089-6|publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]]|page=70}}</ref> [[Csángós]] in [[Western Moldavia]] (moved from Transylvania there in the past), and a very small community of [[Székelys|Szeklers]] also in [[Bukovina]] (see also ''[[Székelys of Bukovina]]'')|| [[Hungarians in Romania]]
|-
|{{flag|Slovakia}} || 456,154 (2021)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://felvidek.ma/2022/01/nepszamlalas-2021-nezzunk-szet-a-hazunk-tajekan/ |title=Népszámlálás, 2021: nézzünk szét a "házunk tájékán"! |website=felvidek.ma |date=January 21, 2021 }}</ref> || Autochthonous<ref>{{cite book|author=Roseann Duenas Gonzalez, Ildiko Melis|title=Language Ideologies: Critical Perspectives on the Official English Movement|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dLcX-yR6YloC&pg=PA302|isbn=978-0-8058-4054-4|year=2001|publisher=Lawrence Erlbaum Associates|page=302}}</ref> || [[Hungarians in Slovakia]]
|-
|{{flag|Serbia}} || 184,442 (2021)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pod2.stat.gov.rs/ObjavljenePublikacije/Popis2011/Nacionalna%20pripadnost-Ethnicity.pdf|title=2011 Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Serbia |publisher=Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140811224233/http://pod2.stat.gov.rs/ObjavljenePublikacije/Popis2011/Nacionalna%20pripadnost-Ethnicity.pdf|archive-date=11 August 2014}}</ref> || Autochthonous in [[Vojvodina]] || [[Hungarians in Serbia]]
|-
|{{flag|Ukraine}} || 156,600 (2001)<ref>https://mek.oszk.hu/12300/12394/12394.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}</ref> || Autochthonous in [[Zakarpattia Oblast]] || [[Hungarians in Ukraine]]
|-
|{{flag|Austria}} || 107,347 (2024)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Átlépte a lélektani határt az Ausztriában élő magyarok száma |url=https://24.hu/belfold/2024/02/19/ausztriai-magyarok-szama-tobb-mint-100-ezer/ |website=24.hu|date=19 February 2024 }}</ref> || Autochthonous in [[Burgenland]] || [[Hungarians in Austria]]
|-
|{{flag|Croatia}} || 10,315 (2021)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/type,COUNTRYPROF,,,4954ce1ec,0.html|title=World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples - Croatia : Overview (2001 census data)|date=July 2008|publisher=[[United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees]]|access-date=2009-03-16}}</ref> || Autochthonous in [[Croatia]], except in [[Istria]] and [[Dalmatia]] ||  [[Hungarians in Croatia]]
|-
|{{flag|Slovenia}} || 10,500 (2021)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://peoplegroups.org/explore/PeopleGroupDetails.aspx?peid=980#topmenu|title=PeopleGroups.org - Hungarians of Slovenia|website=peoplegroups.org}}{{Dead link|date=November 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> || Autochthonous in [[Prekmurje]] || [[Hungarians in Slovenia]]
|-
|bgcolor=#BEE8C2 colspan=4 align=center| '''Other countries'''
|-
|{{flag|United States}} || 1,563,081 (2006)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|title=U.S. Census website|first=U.S. Census|last=Bureau|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2017-10-19}}</ref> || [[Immigration|Immigrants]] || [[Hungarian Americans]]
|-
|{{flag|Canada}} || 348,085 (2016)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/dt-td/Rp-eng.cfm?TABID=2&Lang=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=0&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=0&GC=0&GID=1341679&GK=0&GRP=1&PID=110528&PRID=10&PTYPE=109445&S=0&SHOWALL=0&SUB=0&Temporal=2017&THEME=120&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=&D1=0&D2=0&D3=0&D4=0&D5=0&D6=0|title=Ethnic Origin (279), Single and Multiple Ethnic Origin Responses (3), Generation Status (4), Age (12) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data|first=Statistics Canada|last=Government of Canada|date=October 25, 2017|website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref> || Immigrants || [[Hungarian Canadians]]
|-
|{{flag|Germany}} || 296,000 (2021)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bevölkerung in Privathaushalten nach Migrationshintergrund im weiteren Sinn nach Geburtsstaat in Staatengruppen|url=https://www.destatis.de/DE/Themen/Gesellschaft-Umwelt/Bevoelkerung/Migration-Integration/Tabellen/migrationshintergrund-staatsangehoerigkeit-staatengruppen.html|access-date=2022-02-04|website=Statistisches Bundesamt|language=de}}</ref> || Immigrants || [[Hungarians in Germany]]
|-
|{{flag|Israel}} || 200,000 to 250,000 (2000s)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nemzetismeret.hu/?id=7.19|title=MAGYAR NEMZETISMERET|website=nemzetismeret.hu}}</ref> || Immigrants; most are [[Hungarian Jews]]||
|-
|{{flag|United Kingdom}} || 200,000 to 250,000 (2020)<ref name="Far more Hungarians live in the United Kingdom than previously thought">{{cite web|url=https://www.portfolio.hu/gazdasag/20200216/hivatalosan-is-elismertek-sokkal-tobb-magyar-el-az-egyesult-kiralysagban-mint-eddig-hittuk-415911 | title=It has been officially recognized: far more Hungarians live in the United Kingdom than previously thought| publisher=portfolio.hu | date=16 February 2020 | access-date=1 March 2021}}</ref><ref name="auto3">{{Cite web|url=https://index.hu/kulfold/szevasztok/2018/04/21/statisztika_kulfoldi_munkavallalas_magyarok_kikoltozes_egyesult_kiralysag_nemetorszag_ausztria/|title=Hány magyar dolgozik külföldön és hol?|first=Joób|last=Sándor|date=April 21, 2018|website=index.hu}}</ref> || Immigrants || [[Hungarians in the United Kingdom]]
|-
|{{flag|France}} || 200,000 to 250,000 (2021)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.buod.de/D/kere-d.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070204001010/http://www.buod.de/D/kere-d.htm|url-status=dead|title=Hungarians in France|archivedate=February 4, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://peoplegroups.org/explore/PeopleGroupDetails.aspx?peid=42481#topmenu|title=PeopleGroups.org - Hungarians of France|website=peoplegroups.org}}{{Dead link|date=November 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> || Immigrants || [[Hungarians in France]]
|-
|{{flag|Brazil}} || 80,000 (2002)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://epoca.globo.com/edic/214/soci1a.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070922025459/http://epoca.globo.com/edic/214/soci1a.htm|url-status=dead|title=Hungarians in Brazil|archivedate=September 22, 2007}}</ref> || Immigrants || [[Hungarian Brazilians]]
|-
|{{flag|Russia}} || 76,500 (2002) || Immigrants || [[Hungarians in Russia]]
|-
|{{flag|Australia}} || 69,167 (2011)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://abouthungary.hu//speeches-and-remarks/prime-minister-viktor-orbans-address-at-the-9th-meeting-of-the-hungarian-diaspora-council|title=Prime Minister Viktor Orbán's address at the 9th meeting of the Hungarian Diaspora Council|first=About|last=Hungary|date=November 19, 2019|website=Prime Minister Viktor Orbán’s address at the 9th meeting of the Hungarian Diaspora Council}}</ref> || Immigrants || [[Hungarian Australians]]
|-
|{{flag|Argentina}} || 40,000 to 50,000 (2016)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://hungarytoday.hu/thursday-top-ten-top-ten-countries-largest-hungarian-diasopra-world-99916/|title=Thursday Top Ten: Top Ten Countries With The Largest Hungarian Diaspora In The World|date=December 1, 2016|access-date=April 7, 2021|archive-date=December 5, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231205020358/https://hungarytoday.hu/thursday-top-ten-top-ten-countries-largest-hungarian-diasopra-world-99916/|url-status=dead}}</ref> || Immigrants || [[Hungarian Argentines]]
|-
|{{flag|Sweden}} || 33,018 (2018)<ref>Befolkning efter födelseland och ursprungsland 31 december 2018</ref> || Immigrants ||[[Hungarians in Sweden]]
|-
|{{flag|Switzerland}} || 27,000 (2019)<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.migrationpolicy.org/programs/data-hub/charts/immigrant-and-emigrant-populations-country-origin-and-destination|title=Immigrant and Emigrant Populations by Country of Origin and Destination|date=February 10, 2014|website=migrationpolicy.org}}</ref> || Immigrants ||
|-
|{{flag|Netherlands}} || 26,172 (2020)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://opendata.cbs.nl/statline/#/CBS/nl/dataset/37325/table?ts=1597160967965|title=Bevolking; geslacht, leeftijd, generatie en migratieachtergrond, 1 januari|publisher=CBS StatLine|access-date=2021-03-14}}</ref> || Immigrants ||
|-
|{{flag|Czech Republic}} || 20,000 (2013)<ref name="auto4">{{Cite web|url=https://www.korosiprogram.hu/diaszpora|title=A diaszpóra tudományos megközelítése|date=July 3, 2015|website=Kőrösi Csoma Sándor program}}</ref> || People of Hungarian descent forcibly relocated from the Slovak part of the [[Third Czechoslovak Republic]] ||
|-
|{{flag|Belgium}} || 15,000 (2013)<ref name="auto4"/> || Immigrants ||
|-
||{{flag|Italy}} || 14,000 (2019)<ref name="auto"/> || Immigrants ||
|-
|{{flag|Spain}} || 10,000 (2019)<ref name="auto"/> || Immigrants ||
|-
|{{flag|Ireland}} || 9,000 (2019)<ref name="auto"/> || Immigrants ||
|-
|{{flag|Norway}} || 8,316 (2015)<ref name="auto1">https://sefstat.sef.pt/Docs/Rifa2020.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}</ref>|| Immigrants ||
|-
|{{flag|New Zealand}} || 7,000 (2013)<ref name="auto4"/> || Immigrants || [[Hungarian New Zealanders]]
|-
|{{flag|Turkey}} || 6,800 (2001) || Immigrants || [[Hungary-Turkey relations|Hungarians in Turkey]]
|-
|{{flag|Denmark}} || 6,000 (2019)<ref name="auto"/> || Immigrants ||
|-
|{{flag|Japan}} || 5,600 (2022)<ref name="auto"/> || Immigrants ||
|-
|{{flag|Bosnia and Herzegovina}} || 4,000{{cn|date=March 2024}} || Immigrants ||
|-
|{{flag|South Africa}} || 4,000 (2013)<ref name="auto4"/> || Immigrants ||
|-
|{{flag|Venezuela}} || 4,000 (2013)<ref name="auto4"/> || Immigrants || [[Hungarian Venezuelans]]
|-
|{{flag|Mexico}} || 3,500 (2006) || Immigrants || [[Hungarian Mexicans]]
|-
|{{flag|Finland}} || 3,000 (2019)<ref name="auto"/> || Immigrants || [[Hungarians in Finland]]
|-
|{{flag|Uruguay}} || 3,000 (2013)<ref name="auto4"/> || Immigrants || [[Hungarian Uruguayans]]
|-
||{{flag|Greece}} || 2,387 (2018)<ref name="auto3"/> || Immigrants ||
|-
|{{flag|Chile}} || 2,000 (2012)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ikl.org.pl/Estudios/EL7/EL7_4.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160203092216/http://www.ikl.org.pl/Estudios/EL7/EL7_4.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=February 3, 2016|title=Los obreros húngaros emigrados en América Latina entre las dos guerras mundiales. Ilona Varga|website=www.ikl.org.pl}}</ref>|| Immigrants || [[Hungarians in Chile]]
|-
||{{flag|Luxembourg}} || 2,000 (2019)<ref name="auto"/> || Immigrants ||
|-
|{{flag|Poland}} || 1,728 (2011)<ref>[http://www.stat.gov.pl/cps/rde/xbcr/gus/LUD_ludnosc_stan_str_dem_spo_NSP2011.pdf Ludność. Stan i struktura demograficzno-społeczna]. Narodowy Spis Ludności i Mieszkań 2011 (National Census of Population and Housing 2011). [[Central Statistical Office (Poland)|GUS]]. 2013. p. 264.</ref> || Immigrants || [[Hungarians in Poland]]
|-
||{{flag|Portugal}} || 1,230 (2022)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sefstat 2022 |url=https://www.sef.pt/pt/Documents/RIFA2022%20vF2a.pdf}}</ref>|| Foreign citizens only; for instance, excludes 79 Luso-Hungarians who have acquired [[Portuguese nationality law|Portuguese citizenship]] since 2008<ref>{{Cite web |title=Acquisition of citizenship statistics |url=https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Acquisition_of_citizenship_statistics |access-date=2023-05-28 |website=ec.europa.eu |language=en}}</ref> ||
|-
|{{flag|Jordan}} || 1,000 (2019)<ref name="auto"/> || Immigrants ||
|-
|{{flag|Cyprus}} || 620 (2018)<ref name="auto3"/> || Immigrants ||
|-
|{{flag|Kazakhstan}} || 500 (2021)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://astanatimes.com/2018/04/hungarians-kazakhs-are-almost-relatives-says-hungarian-cultural-centre-head/|title=Hungarians, Kazakhs are almost relatives, says Hungarian cultural centre head|first=Assel Satubaldina in People on 19|last=April 2018|date=April 19, 2018}}</ref> || Immigrants ||
|-
||{{flag|Montenegro}} || 400{{cn|date=March 2024}} || Immigrants ||
|-
||{{flag|Latvia}} || 300{{cn|date=March 2024}} || Immigrants ||
|-
||{{flag|Uzbekistan}} || 300{{cn|date=March 2024}} || Immigrants ||
|-
||{{flag|Philippines}} || 206 (2010)<ref>{{Cite web |date=November 19, 2012 |title=Foreign Citizens in the Philippines (Results from the 2010 Census) |url=https://psa.gov.ph/content/foreign-citizens-philippines-results-2010-census |access-date=April 7, 2021 |website=psa.gov.ph |publisher=Philippine Statistics Authority}}</ref> || Immigrants ||
|-
||{{flag|Iceland}} || 200 (2015)<ref name="auto1"/> || Immigrants ||
|-
||{{flag|North Macedonia}} || 200{{cn|date=March 2024}} || Immigrants ||
|-
||{{flag|Estonia}} || 173 (2018)<ref name="auto3"/> || Immigrants ||
|-
||{{flag|Bulgaria}} || 153 (2015)<ref name="auto1"/> || Immigrants ||
|-
||{{flag|Vietnam}} || 100 (2015)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dailynewshungary.com/hungarians-in-vietnam/|title=Hungarians in Vietnam – VIDEO|first=Adrienn|last=Sain|date=December 20, 2015|website=Daily News Hungary}}</ref> || Immigrants ||
|-
||{{flag|Liechtenstein}} || 44 (2015)<ref name="auto1"/> || Immigrants ||
|-
||{{flag|Lithuania}} || 23 (2015)<ref name="auto1"/> || Immigrants ||
|-
|bgcolor=#BEE8C2 colspan=1 align=center| '''Total''' ||bgcolor=#BEE8C2 colspan=1 align=center| '''5.2–5.5 million'''|| bgcolor=#BEE8C2 colspan=1 align=center| ||bgcolor=#BEE8C2 colspan=1 align=center| [[Hungarians]]
|}

Hungarian immigration patterns to Western Europe increased in the 1990s and especially since 2004, after Hungary's admission in the [[European Union]]. Thousands of Hungarians from Hungary sought available work through guest-worker contracts in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Finland, Sweden, Spain, and Portugal.

== Hungarian citizenship ==

[[File:Flag of Hungary.svg|thumb|Flag of Hungary]]

A proposal supported by the [[Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania|DAHR]] to grant Hungarian citizenship to Hungarians living in [[Romania]] but without meeting Hungarian-law residency requirements was narrowly defeated at a 2004 referendum in Hungary.<ref name="Brubaker2006">{{cite book|author=Rogers Brubaker|title=Nationalist Politics and Everyday Ethnicity in a Transylvanian Town|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Zgg6eqKKkbcC&pg=PA328|year=2006|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-0-691-12834-4|page=328}}</ref> The referendum was invalid because of not enough participants. After the failure of the 2004 referendum, the leaders of the Hungarian ethnic parties in the neighboring countries formed the HTMSZF organization in January 2005, as an instrument lobbying for preferential treatment in the granting of Hungarian citizenship.<ref name="MabryMcGarry2013">{{cite book|author1=Tristan James Mabry|author2=John McGarry|author3=Margaret Moore|author4=Brendan O'Leary|title=Divided Nations and European Integration|date=30 May 2013|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PFCbBW18yU4C&pg=PA112|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|isbn=978-0-8122-4497-7|page=112}}</ref>

In 2010, some amendments were passed in Hungarian law facilitating an accelerated naturalization process for ethnic Hungarians living abroad; among other changes, the residency-in-Hungary requirement was waived.<ref>Mária M. Kovács, Judit Tóth, [http://eudo-citizenship.eu/admin/?p=file&appl=countryProfiles&f=2013-18-Hungary.pdf Country report: Hungary] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180830060113/http://eudo-citizenship.eu/admin/?p=file&appl=countryProfiles&f=2013-18-Hungary.pdf |date=2018-08-30 }}, Revised and updated April 2013, EUDO Citizenship Observatory, page 1 and 7</ref> In May 2010, Slovakia announced it would strip Slovak citizenship from anyone applying for Hungarian citizenship.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10166610 Slovaks retaliate over Hungarian citizenship law], BBC, 26 May 2010</ref> Romania's President [[Traian Băsescu]] declared in October 2010: "We have no objections to the adoption by the Hungarian government and parliament of a law making it easier to grant Hungarian citizenship to ethnic Hungarians living abroad."<ref>[http://www.eubusiness.com/news-eu/romania-hungary.6kp/ Romania backs Hungarian citizenship law], 18 October 2010, [[Agence France-Presse|AFP]] text syndicated to eubusiness.com.</ref>

The new citizenship law took effect on 1 January 2011. It did not grant the right to vote, even in national elections, to Hungarian citizens unless they also resided in Hungary on a permanent basis.<ref>[http://euobserver.com/news/30165 New double citizenship law does not change voting rights], ''[[EUobserver]]'', 28.05.2010</ref> In February 2011, the [[Fidesz]] government announced that it intended to grant the right to vote to its new citizens.<ref>[http://www.budapesttimes.hu/2011/02/07/dual-citizenship-at-its-logical-conclusion/ Dual citizenship at its logical conclusion. Policy Solutions’ analysis: A vote for lost Hungarians is a vote for the right] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160810004429/http://www.budapesttimes.hu/2011/02/07/dual-citizenship-at-its-logical-conclusion/|date=2016-08-10}}, ''[[Budapest Times]]'', 7 February 2011</ref> Between 2011 and 2012, 200,000 applicants took advantage of the new, accelerated naturalization process;<ref>Mária M. Kovács, Judit Tóth, [http://eudo-citizenship.eu/admin/?p=file&appl=countryProfiles&f=2013-18-Hungary.pdf Country report: Hungary] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180830060113/http://eudo-citizenship.eu/admin/?p=file&appl=countryProfiles&f=2013-18-Hungary.pdf |date=2018-08-30 }}, Revised and updated April 2013, EUDO Citizenship Observatory, page 11</ref> there were another 100,000 applications pending in the summer of 2012.<ref>Mária M. Kovács, Judit Tóth, [http://eudo-citizenship.eu/admin/?p=file&appl=countryProfiles&f=2013-18-Hungary.pdf Country report: Hungary] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180830060113/http://eudo-citizenship.eu/admin/?p=file&appl=countryProfiles&f=2013-18-Hungary.pdf |date=2018-08-30 }}, Revised and updated April 2013, EUDO Citizenship Observatory, page 18</ref> As of February 2013, the Hungarian government had granted citizenship to almost 400,000 Hungarians ‘beyond the borders’.<ref>[https://www.economist.com/blogs/easternapproaches/2013/02/hungary-and-romania Hungary and Romania. Flag wars], 21 Feb 2013, ''[[The Economist]]''</ref> In June 2013, Deputy Prime Minister [[Zsolt Semjén]] announced that he expected the number to reach about half a million by the end of the year.<ref>[http://www.budapesttimes.hu/2013/06/12/open-wound-2/ Open wound. Trianon remembered 93 years on] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130614132853/http://www.budapesttimes.hu/2013/06/12/open-wound-2/ |date=2013-06-14 }}, ''[[Budapest Times]]'', 12 June 2013</ref>

Hungarian citizens abroad have been able to participate in the parliamentary elections without Hungarian residency starting from the [[2014 Hungarian parliamentary election]], however, they cannot vote for a candidate running for the seat in a single-seat constituency, but for a party list.

==Famous people of Hungarian descent==
{{maincat|People of Hungarian descent}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Country
! Name
! Occupation
! class="sortable"| Source
|-
| {{flagicon|Austria}} Austria || [[Ferenc Anisits]] || Engineer|| 
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States || [[Albert-László Barabási]] || Physicist and discoverer of [[scale-free networks]]|| 
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States || [[Drew Barrymore]]  || Actress || <ref>{{cite web |title=Drew Barrymore News and Trivias at CelebrityWonder.com |url=http://www.celebritywonder.com/html/drewbarrymore_trivia1.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061208203128/http://www.celebritywonder.com/html/drewbarrymore_trivia1.html |archive-date=2006-12-08 |access-date=2006-06-10}} "She is half Hungarian on her mother's side."</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Simply Drew - Biography|url=http://www.simplydrew.com/Biography.htm}}. "Drews Mother - Jaid Barrymore (nee Ildiko Jaid Mako) [was] Born on 8 May 1946 in Brannenburg, West Germany in a camp for displaced persons. Jaids parents (Drew's grandparents) were Hungarian."</ref>
|-
| {{flagicon|Austria}} Austria || [[Béla Barényi]]  || Engineer and prolific inventor || 
|-
| {{flagicon|Germany}} Germany || [[Josef von Báky]]  || Film director || 
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States || [[Béla Bartók]]  || Composer || 
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States || [[Zoltán Bay]]  || Physicist and engineer || 
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States || [[György von Békésy]]  || Biophysicist and [[Nobel Prize]] winner || 
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States || [[Pal Benko]]  || Chess player and a record eight-time [[U.S. Open Chess Championship|U.S. Open]] winner || 
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States || [[Adrien Brody]] || Actor and youngest winner of the [[Academy Award for Best Actor]] || <ref name="Brody1">{{cite news | last =Fox| first =Chloe| title =The prime of Adrien Brody| publisher =Guardian Unlimited| date =November 12, 2006 | url =https://www.theguardian.com/film/2006/nov/12/features.magazine| access-date =December 13, 2006 | location=London}}</ref>
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States || [[György Buzsáki]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thebrainprize.org/flx/prize_winners/prize_winners_2011/biography_gyoergy_buzs_ki/|title=The Brain Prize Winners 2017 - Lundbeckfonden - The Brain Prize|website=www.thebrainprize.org}}</ref> || Neuroscientist || 
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States || [[Mihály Csíkszentmihályi]] || Psychologist of [[Flow (psychology)|flow]] || 
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States || [[Larry Csonka]] || American football fullback || 
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States || [[Tony Curtis]] || Actor || <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.adalarms.force9.co.uk/tony-curtis/hun.htm |title=Ananova - Tony Curtis to promote Hungarian tourism |access-date=2016-07-24 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070430032214/http://www.adalarms.force9.co.uk/tony-curtis/hun.htm |archive-date=2007-04-30}}</ref><ref>[http://www.americancinematheque.com/pressreleases/TonyCurtisPress.htm "Born Bernard Schwartz in 1925 to Jewish-Hungarian parents, Curtis grew up in New York’s matinee movie-palaces..."]</ref>
|-
| {{flagicon|France}} France || [[György Cziffra]]  || Pianist || 
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States<br />{{flagicon|Mexico}} Mexico || [[Louis C.K.]] || Comedian || <ref name="Vogel">{{cite news|last=Vogel|first=Laura|title=Louis C.K.|url=http://www.nypost.com/p/entertainment/item_0i3ylcj0GXPO0SqsmNybUM;jsessionid=4FAF908BF5985A7D8D7DBB9802A22A40|access-date=November 10, 2010|newspaper=[[New York Post]]|date=May 27, 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121208165544/http://www.nypost.com/p/entertainment/item_0i3ylcj0GXPO0SqsmNybUM;jsessionid=4FAF908BF5985A7D8D7DBB9802A22A40|archive-date=December 8, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States || [[Rodney Dangerfield]] || Comedian  || <ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=9ihusHzginAC&dq=%22rodney+dangerfield%22+hungary&pg=PA3 ''Rodney Dangerfield: A Lifetime of No Respect but Plenty of Sex and Drugs'' by Rodney Dangerfield] "The whole family had come to America from Hungary when my mother was four.  My mother's father--my grandfather--was almost never referred to in that house.  Rumor has it he's still in Hungary--and still drinking."</ref>
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States  || [[Frank Darabont]] || Film director and screenplay writer ||
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States  || [[Ernst von Dohnányi]] || Composer, pianist, and conductor ||
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States  || [[Bobby Fischer]] || Chess player ||
|-
| {{flagicon|Germany}} Germany  || [[Ferenc Fricsay]] || Conductor ||
|-
| {{flagicon|UK}} United Kingdom || [[Stephen Fry]] || Comedian  || <ref name="whothink">{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/familyhistory/get_started/wdytya_s2_celeb_gallery_03.shtml|title=BBC - Family History - WDYTYA? Series Two: Celebrity Gallery|website=www.bbc.co.uk}}</ref>
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States  || [[Zsa Zsa Gabor]] || Actress || <ref>[http://movies2.nytimes.com/gst/movies/filmography.html?p_id=25448 "Zsa Zsa Gabor born, Budapest Hungary. Though some sources say 1918, 1919, or 1920. 1936 Elected Miss Hungary."]</ref>
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States  || [[Peter Carl Goldmark]] || Engineer and inventor ||
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States  || [[Andrew Grove]] || Businessman and entrepreneur ||
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States  || [[Mickey Hargitay]] || Actor, body builder, and [[Universe Championships|1955 Mr. Universe]] ||
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States  || [[Harry Houdini]] || Escapologist and magician ||
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States  || [[Tim Howard]] || Soccer goalkeeper ||
|-
| {{flagicon|Sweden}} Sweden<br />{{flagicon|Germany}} Germany || [[George de Hevesy]] || Radiochemist and co-discoverer of [[hafnium]] || <ref>''George de Hevesy: life and work : a biography'', Hilde Levi, A. Hilger, 1985</ref>
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States  || [[Ilonka Karasz]] || Designer and illustrator known for her many [[c:Category:Ilonka_Karasz's_New_Yorker_covers|New Yorker magazine covers]] ||
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States  || [[Katalin Karikó]] || Biochemist and [[Nobel Prize]] winner ||
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States  || [[Theodore von Kármán]] || Aeronautical engineer ||
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States  || [[John George Kemeny]] || Mathematician, computer scientist, and co-developer of [[BASIC]] || <ref name=Springer>{{cite book |title=Beyond Art - A Third Culture : a Comparative Study in Cultures, Art, and Science in 20th Century Austria and Hungary |last=Weibel |first=Peter |year=2005 |publisher=Springer |isbn=3-211-24562-6 |pages=350 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xkk6U42Zl_sC&pg=PA350 }}</ref>
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States  || [[Laszlo B. Kish]] || Physicist ||
|-
| {{flagicon|Sweden}} Sweden  || [[George Klein (biologist)|George Klein]] || Microbiologist and author ||
|-
| {{flagicon|Austria}} Austria  || [[Ferenc Krausz]] || Physicist and [[Nobel Prize]] winner ||
|-
| {{flagicon|Belgium}} Belgium  || [[Alexandre Lamfalussy]] || Economist||
|-
| {{flagicon|Germany}} Germany  || [[Philipp Lenard]] || Physicist and [[Nobel Prize]] winner ||
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States  || [[Bela Lugosi]] || Actor ||
|-
| {{flagicon|Mexico}} Mexico || [[Luis Mandoki]]  || Film director || 
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States  || [[Ilona Massey]] || Actress ||
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States  || [[Paul Neményi]] || Physicist and mathematician || <ref name="la-times">{{cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/nation/la-na-bobby-fischer21-2009sep21,0,1824779,full.story|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090925033341/http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/nation/la-na-bobby-fischer21-2009sep21,0,1824779,full.story|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 25, 2009|title = Chasing the king of chess|first=Peter|last = Nicholas| date = September 21, 2009| work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|access-date=September 21, 2009}}</ref>
|- 
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States  ||  [[John von Neumann]] || Mathematician, physicist, computer scientist, and polymath || <ref>Doran, p. 1</ref><ref>Nathan Myhrvold, [https://web.archive.org/web/20010211124237/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,21839,00.html "John von Neumann".] [[Time (magazine)|Time]],  March 21, 1999. Accessed September 5, 2010</ref>
|-
| {{flagicon|Slovakia}} Slovakia ||[[Ľudovít Ódor]]|| [[Prime Minister of Slovakia|Prime Minister]], [[National Bank of Slovakia|Deputy Governor of the national bank]] || 
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States || [[Thomas Peterffy]]  || Businessman and founder of [[Interactive Brokers]] || 
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States  || [[Joaquin Phoenix]] || Actor || <ref name="pfefferman">{{cite web| author=Naomi Pfefferman| title=The Days of Summer| url=http://www.jewishjournal.com/home/preview.php?id=8397| publisher=Jewish Journal| date=2002-04-12| access-date=2007-09-01}}</ref> 
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States || [[Joseph Pulitzer]] || Journalist || <ref>András Csillag, "Joseph Pulitzer's Roots in Europe: A Genealogical History," ''American Jewish Archives,'' Jan 1987, Vol. 39 Issue 1, pp 49–68</ref>
|-
| {{flagicon|UK}} United Kingdom || [[Árpád Pusztai]]  || Biochemist || 
|-
| {{flagicon|Slovakia}} Slovakia ||[[Ľudovít Rajter]]|| Conductor || 
|-
|-{{flagicon|US}} United States [[Fritz Reiner]]  || Conductor || 
|-
| {{flagicon|France}} France || [[Nicolas Sarkozy]]  || 23rd [[President of France]] || <ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/15/opinion/15tue4.html|title=Opinion - The New French President's Roots Are Worth Remembering|first=Serge|last=Schmemann|newspaper=The New York Times|date=15 May 2007}}</ref>
|-
| {{flagicon|Austria}} Austria || [[Franz Schmidt (composer)|Franz Schmidt]]  || Composer || 
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States  || [[Jerry Seinfeld]] || Comedian, actor, writer, and producer || <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://movies.nytimes.com/person/64376/Jerry-Seinfeld/biography|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080606041633/http://movies.nytimes.com/person/64376/Jerry-Seinfeld/biography|url-status=dead|archive-date=June 6, 2008|department=Movies & TV Dept.|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=2008|title=Jerry Seinfeld's Biography|access-date=July 18, 2010}}</ref> 
|-
| {{flagicon|US}} United States || [[Monica Seles]]  || Tennis player ||| 
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States  || [[Gene Simmons]] || Musician || <ref>[http://www.genesimmons.com/bio2.html Biography] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120906204718/http://www.genesimmons.com/bio2.html |date=2012-09-06 }}. GeneSimmons.com. Retrieved on February 1, 2011.</ref>
|-
| {{flagicon|Canada}} Canada  || [[Hans Selye]] || Endocrinologist ||
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States  || [[Charles Simonyi]] || Software architect ||
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States  || [[Victor Szebehely]] || Astronomist and physicist ||
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States  || [[Albert Szent-Györgyi]] || Biochemist and [[Nobel Prize]] winner||
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States  || [[Leó Szilárd]] || Physicist and inventor || <ref>{{Cite book
| publisher=K. G. Saur
| isbn=3-598-11545-8
| last=Blumesberger
| first=Susanne
| title=Handbuch österreichischer Autorinnen und Autoren jüdischer Herkunft
| volume=1
| year=2002
|display-authors=etal}}</ref>
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States || [[Mária Telkes]]  || Biophysicist and inventor || 
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States  || [[Edward Teller]] || Physicist, engineer, and “father of the [[hydrogen bomb]] || <ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8vnNwSwTfsU Video] in which Teller recalls his earliest memories.</ref>
|-
| {{flagicon|UK}} United Kingdom || [[Kálmán Tihanyi]]  || Physicist, engineer, and inventor || 
|-
| {{flagicon|Czech Republic}} Czech Republic  || [[Tomáš Ujfaluši]] || Association football player ||
|-
| {{flagicon|France}} France || [[Victor Vasarely]]  || Artist of [[op art]] movement || 
|-
| {{flagicon|USA}} United States  || [[Gabriel von Wayditch]] || Composer ||
|-
| {{flagicon|Germany}} Germany  || [[Richárd Zsigmondy]] || Chemist and [[Nobel Prize]] winner ||
|-
|{{flagicon|France}} France  || [[Gyula Halász (Brassaï)]]  || Photographer, sculptor, medalist, writer, and filmmaker||
|-
|{{flagicon|US}} United States || Ivan Soltész||Scientist||
|-
|{{flagicon|Czech Republic}} Czech Republic  || [[Tomáš Ujfaluši]] || Football player ||
|-
|{{flagicon|Israel}} Israel || [[Yair Lapid]] || Former Prime Minister of Israel ||
|-
|{{flagicon|Israel}} Israel || [[Benny Gantz]] || Former Israeli Minister of Defence ||
|}

==Politics==
Since the Hungarian diaspora could start voting in elections in Hungary from 2012,<ref>{{cite news |title=Hungary's Orban courts diaspora for election boost |url=https://www.france24.com/en/20180328-hungarys-orban-courts-diaspora-election-boost |access-date=7 December 2021 |work=France 24 |date=28 March 2018 |language=en}}</ref> they have overwhelmingly supported the ruling [[Fidesz]]. In the [[2014 Hungarian parliamentary election]], Fidesz won over 95% of the vote,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.politico.eu/article/viktor-orban-courts-voters-in-transylvania-romania-hungarian-election-2018/|title=Viktor Orbán courts voters beyond 'fortress Hungary'|date=August 22, 2017|website=POLITICO}}</ref> in the [[2018 Hungarian parliamentary election]], over 96%, while in the [[2019 European Parliament election in Hungary]], Fidesz received 96%.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://hungarytoday.hu/hungarians-outside-eu-cast-votes-for-fidesz/|title=Hungarians Outside EU Cast Votes for Fidesz|date=May 29, 2019}}</ref>

=== Minority interest parties ===
In several Eastern European countries, parties that represent the interests of Hungarian minorities have emerged.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Country
!Party
|-
|{{flag|Croatia}}
|[[Democratic Union of Hungarians of Croatia]]
|-
|{{flag|Romania}}
|[[Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania]]
|-
|{{flag|Romania}}
|[[Hungarian Alliance of Transylvania]]
|-
|{{flag|Serbia}}
|[[Alliance of Vojvodina Hungarians]]
|-
|{{flag|Slovakia}}
|[[Hungarian Alliance (Slovak political party)|Hungarian Alliance]]
|-
|{{flag|Ukraine}}
|[[Party of Hungarians of Ukraine (KMKSZ)]]
|}

==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:JohnvonNeumann-LosAlamos.gif|[[John von Neumann]] (1903–1957), Hungarian-American mathematician and physicist of Hungarian descent. 
File:Mickey Hargitay 1964.JPG| [[Mickey Hargitay]] was a Hungarian-American actor and [[Universe Championships|1955 Mr. Universe]].

</gallery>

==See also==
*[[List of Hungarians]]
*[[Demographics of Hungary]]
*[[History of Hungary]]
*[[Hungarian Revolution of 1956]]
*[[Treaty of Trianon]]

==Notes==
<references group="note" />

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==External links==
{{Commons category-inline}}

{{Hungary articles}}
{{European diasporas}}
{{Hungarian diaspora}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hungarian Diaspora}}
[[Category:Hungarian diaspora| ]]
[[Category:European diasporas]]