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Anwar al-Bunni

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Anwar al-Bunni
أنور البني
Born1959 (age 64–65)
Hama, Syria
NationalitySyrian
OccupationLawyer
Known forDemocracy activist,
political prisoner
AwardsFront Line Award for Human Rights Defenders at Risk (2008)
German Association of Judges Human Rights Award (2009)

Anwar al-Bunni (Arabic: أنور البني, born 1959) is a Syrian human rights lawyer who has defended clients such as Riad al-Turk, Riad Seif, the owner of The Lamplighter, (an independent newspaper shut down by the Syrian government), Kurdish protesters, and "dozens of others."[1]

Al-Bunni was born in Hama to a Christian family active in dissident leftist politics.[1] According to an interview with American journalist Robin Wright, he became interested in defending dissidents after being beaten, bayonetted, and having his beard set on fire by Syrian soldiers during a military sweep of Hama in 1981.[1] Wright describes him as having spent "most of his life" defending Syria's political dissidents, often pro bono, and having sold his automobile and office to pay his bills as a result.[2] He was head of the short-lived European Union-funded human rights training centre in Syria called the Center for Legal Research and Studies until it was shut down by the government following his 2006 arrest.[3]

Al-Bunni defended Damascus Spring activist Aref Dalila at his 2002 trial. After presenting a blood-stained handkerchief as evidence that Dalila had been beaten at the prison, he was ordered from the court by a judge and banned from practicing before the Supreme State Security Court.[4]

2006–2008 imprisonment

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In May 2006 he was detained by security forces after signing the Beirut-Damascus Declaration calling for democratic reform. A year later he was given a five-year sentence for "spreading false or exaggerated news that could weaken national morale, affiliating with an unlicensed political association with an international nature, discrediting state institutions and contacting a foreign country", according to his lawyer.[5] He was also fined the equivalent of US$2,000 for operating the Center for Legal Research and Studies without government permission. Analysts described the sentence as more severe than those previously given for similar offenses, making it a "stark warning to the Syrian opposition".[3]

Amnesty International designated him a prisoner of conscience,[6] and U.S. President George W. Bush named al-Bunni in a speech as a political prisoner unfairly jailed by Syria.[7]

After his release from prison in 2008, he continued to defend detainees.[citation needed]

2004–present: exile in Germany

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Al-Bunni escaped from Syria in 2012, shortly after the Houla massacre, and later sought political asylum in Germany.[8][9]

In Germany, al-Bunni participated in the universal jurisdiction war crimes trial of Anwar Raslan and Eyad al-Gharib. In June 2020, he provided testimony as a witness on "the horrors and the bureaucratic structures of Assad's jails and torture chambers", based on his five years as a prisoner in Syria and from his legal experience in representing victims. Al-Bunni worked with prosecutors to help find witnesses willing to testify in the trial.[8]

Al-Bunni is more broadly interested in promoting transitional justice.[citation needed]

Awards

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In 2008, al-Bunni received the Front Line Award for Human Rights Defenders at Risk.[10] The following year he was awarded the Human Rights Award by the German Association of Judges.,[11] in 2018 he received the Franco-German Prize for 'Human Rights and the Rule of Law'.[12]

Anwar features in Time Magazine's "The 100 Most Influential People of 2022".[13]

References

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  1. ^ a b c Wright, Robin, Dreams and Shadows : the Future of the Middle East, Penguin Press, 2008, pp. 257, 8, 9.
  2. ^ Wright, Robin, Dreams and Shadows : the Future of the Middle East, Penguin Press, 2008, p. 257.
  3. ^ a b Hassan M. Fattah (24 April 2007). "Syria jails lawyer over reports of torture". The New York Times. Retrieved 20 July 2012.
  4. ^ "Syria: Amnesty International Welcomes Release of Prisoner of Conscience". Amnesty International. 8 August 2008. Retrieved 22 January 2012.
  5. ^ "Syria jails human rights activist". BBC News. 24 April 2007. Retrieved 20 July 2012.
  6. ^ "Syria: Release and drop charges against human rights lawyer Anwar al-Bunni". Amnesty International. 23 April 2007. Retrieved 19 July 2012.
  7. ^ "Road to Damascus". The New York Sun. 14 December 2006. Archived from the original on 26 November 2018. Retrieved 19 July 2012.
  8. ^ a b Graham-Harrison, Emma (12 December 2020). "'My goal is justice for all Syrians': one man's journey from jail to witness for the prosecution". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 12 December 2020. Retrieved 12 December 2020.
  9. ^ Chulov, Martin; Mahmood, Mona (1 June 2012). "The Houla massacre: reconstructing the events of 25 May". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 3 September 2013. Retrieved 12 December 2020.
  10. ^ "Dublin: 2008 Front Line Award goes to imprisoned Syrian human rights lawyer Anwar al-Bunni". Front Line Defenders. 2008. Retrieved 20 July 2012.
  11. ^ "Anwar al-Bunni". Amnesty International. Archived from the original on 25 January 2013. Retrieved 14 December 2012.
  12. ^ "Syrian human rights lawyer Anwar al Bunni is awarded the Franco-German Prize for Human Rights and the Rule of Law". Federal Foreign Office. Germany. 7 December 2018. Retrieved 30 June 2022.
  13. ^ Roth, Kenneth (23 May 2022). "The 100 Most Influential People of 2022: Mazen Darwish and Anwar Al Bunni". time.com. Retrieved 30 June 2022.
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