Allison V-3420

V-3420
	Allison V-3420 Engine
Type	Liquid-cooled W-24 piston engine
National origin	United States
Manufacturer	Allison Engine Company
First run	1937
Major applications	Fisher P-75 Eagle
Number built	150[citation needed]
Developed from	Allison V-1710

The Allison V-3420 was a large experimental piston aircraft engine, designed in 1937 by the American Allison Engine Company.

Design and development

In 1937, at the behest of the United States Army Air Corps, the Allison Engine Company agreed to design and build a large-displacement high-power aircraft engine. The resulting V-3420 was essentially a pair of 12-cylinder Allison V-1710 engines mated to a common crankcase with a 30° angle between the inner cylinder banks. The crankshafts of the two V-1710 engines were geared together to drive a common propeller shaft. Most V-3420 parts were interchangeable with those for V-1710-E and -F engines.

The V-3420 had a power-to-weight ratio of 1.6 kW/kg or 1 hp/lb, excellent for its time. It was envisioned as a powerful yet compact engine for several advanced USAAF projects of the day, including the Douglas XB-19, the Boeing XB-39 Superfortress, the Lockheed XP-58 Chain Lightning, and the Fisher P-75 Eagle. As none of these designs saw more than limited production, only about 150 V-3420s were built.^{[citation needed]}

Variants

V-3420-A16R (-11)
V-3420-A16L (-13): left-hand rotation of propeller, single-stage supercharger with single-stage turbocharger and intercooler
V-3420-A18R (-17)
V-3420-A24: Supercharger ratio 7.2:1
V-3420-B (-23): Similar to the -A but with mechanically driven supercharger in two variable-speed stages

Applications

Boeing XB-39 Superfortress with V-3420 engines

Engines on display

An Allison V-3420-23 engine at the National Museum of the Air Force in Dayton, Ohio

A V-3420-23 (B10) is on public display at the Aerospace Museum of California in North Highlands, California.^{[citation needed]}
A V-3420 is on public display at the Glenn H. Curtiss Museum in Hammondsport, New York.^{[citation needed]}
A V-3420-23 engine is on public display at the National Museum of the United States Air Force in Dayton, Ohio alongside a Fisher P-75 Eagle^{[citation needed]}

Specifications (V-3420-A18R (-17))

Data from Aircraft Engines of the World 1946

General characteristics

Type: 24-cylinder turbosupercharged double-"Vee" liquid-cooled piston engine
Bore: 5.5 in (139.7 mm)
Stroke: 6 in (152.4 mm)
Displacement: 3,420 in³ (56 L)
Length: 97.7 in (2,482 mm)
Width: 60.0 in (1,421 mm)
Height: 38.7 in (863 mm)
Dry weight: 2,655 lb (1,204 kg)

Components

Valvetrain: Single overhead camshaft per 6-cylinder block, two intake and two exhaust valves per cylinder, sodium-cooled exhaust valves.
Supercharger: Single-speed one-stage gear-driven supercharger
Turbocharger: General Electric turbocharger with intercooler
Fuel system: Bendix-Stromberg PR-58B3 three-barrel injection-type downdraught with automatic mixture control.
Fuel type: 100/130 Octane
Oil system: Pressure fed at 60-70 psi (4.2 - 4.9 kg/m²)
Cooling system: Liquid-cooled with a mixture of 70% water and 30% ethylene glycol, pressurized.

Performance

Power output:

Take-off: 2,600 hp (1,940 kW) at 3,000 rpm at 46.0 inHg / +8.0 Lb boost for 15 minutes
Military: 2,600 hp (1,940 kW) at 3,000 rpm at 25,000 ft (7,625 m) for 15 minutes
Normal: 2,100 hp (1,565 kW) at 2,600 rpm at 25,000 ft (7,625 m) maximum continuous power
Max. Cruising: 1,575 hp (1,175 kW) at 2,300 rpm at 25,000 ft (7,625 m)

Specific power: 0.76 hp/cu in (34.6 kW/L)
Compression ratio: 6.65:1
Specific fuel consumption: 0.41 lb/hp/hr (249.4 g/kW/hr)
Oil consumption: 0.025 lb/hp/hr (15.2 g/kW/hr)
Power-to-weight ratio: 1.0 hp/lb (1.64 kW/kg)

References

Notes

Bibliography

Bridgman, Leonard. Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1945-46. Hammersmith, London: HarperCollinsPublishers (1994 reprint). ISBN 0-00470831-8
Gunston, Bill. World Encyclopedia of Aero Engines: From the Pioneers to the Present Day. 5th edition, Stroud, UK: Sutton, 2006. ISBN 0-7509-4479-X
White, Graham. Allied Aircraft Piston Engines of World War II: History and Development of Frontline Aircraft Piston Engines Produced by Great Britain and the United States During World War II. Warrendale, Pennsylvania: SAE International, 1995. ISBN 1-56091-655-9
Wilkinson, Paul H. (1946). Aircraft Engines of the World. London: Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons.

v t e Allison Engine Company aircraft engines
V engines	VG-1410 V-1710 V-3420
Turbojets	J33 J35 J71 J102
Turbofans	AE 3007 AR.168R† TF32 TF41 F136†
Turboprops/Turboshafts	250/T63 AE 2100 T38 T40 T54 T56 (variants) T61 T78 T406 T701 T800†
Propfan	578-DX†
† Joint development aeroengines

v t e United States military piston aircraft engine designation system
H (four-bank H-configuration inline)	H-1640 XH-2240 XH-2470 XH-2600 XH-3130 XH-3730 H-4070
IV (inverted-V inline)	IV-1430 IV-2040 IV-2220
L (single-bank inline)	L-330 L-365 L-375 L-390 L-410 L-440 L-510 L-825
O (opposed)	O-15 O-40 O-45 O-90 O-100 O-145 O-150 O-170 O-175 O-180 O-190 O-200 (C) O-200 (F) O-205 O-235 O-290 O-300 O-335 O-360 (C) O-360 (L) O-405 O-425 O-435 O-470 O-480 O-520 O-540 (F) O-540 (L) O-550 O-580 O-805 O-1230
R (radial)	R-250 R-265 R-270 R-370 (LB) R-370 (K) R-420 R-440 R-500 R-540 (W) R-540 (K) R-545 R-550 R-600 R-670 R-680 R-720 R-755 R-760 R-790 R-830 R-915 R-975 DR-980 R-985 R-1044 R-1300 R-1340 R-1454 R-1510 R-1535 R-1640 R-1670 R-1690 R-1750 R-1820 R-1830 R-1860 R-2000 R-2060 R-2160 R-2180 R-2600 R-2800 R-3350 R-4090 R-4360 XR-7755
V (upright-V inline)	V-720 V-1150 V-1237 V-1400 V-1440 V-1460 V-1510 V-1560 V-1570 V-1650 (P) V-1710 V-1950 V-3420
V (inverted-V inline)	V-770 V-1650 (L)
VG (inverted-V inline)	VG-1410
W (three-bank W-configuration inline)	W-2779
See also: X-1800 US military gas turbine aeroengines Piston engine configurations