Hoodoo Butte
| Hoodoo Butte | |
|---|---|
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 5,597 ft (1,706 m)[1] |
| Coordinates | 44°24′06″N 121°53′03″W / 44.4017859°N 121.8842261°W[1] |
| Geography | |
 | |
| Location | Linn County, Oregon, U.S. |
| Parent range | Cascades |
| Topo map | USGS Santiam Junction |
| Geology | |
| Mountain type | Cinder cone |
| Climbing | |
| Easiest route | Chairlift |
Hoodoo Butte is a cinder cone butte in the Cascade Range of northern Oregon, located near Santiam Pass. Immediately to the east lies Hayrick Butte, a prime example of a tuya; the two mountains' names were likely mistaken for each other, but stuck with them over time. The area has been subjected to a number of historic fires. Hoodoo is sometimes considered a subfeature of the Mount Washington shield volcano, and it forms part of the Sisters Reach, which extends from South Cinder Peak to Crane Prairie Reservoir, running for 56 miles (90 km). This region has a high vent density, with many mafic (rich in magnesium and iron) volcanoes of Pleistocene to Holocene age, such as Hoodoo. While Hoodoo has an intact summit crater that was blocked from erosion by glaciers, it has an irregular topography, giving it an open appearance.
A ski area, also named Hoodoo, is located on the northwest through northeast flanks of the cone, and includes five chairlifts. Other recreational activities popular in the area include snowshoeing and snowmobiling during the winter, and fishing, hiking, camping, mountain biking, windsurfing, and water skiing popular during the summer season.
Geography
[edit]Hoodoo Butte lies in Linn County, in the northern part of the U.S. state of Oregon.[1] With an elevation of 5,597 feet (1,706 m),[1][a] it has a large, rounded shape,[2] rising about 500 feet (150 m) above the surrounding platform. [3] The volcano lies 44 miles (71 km) northwest of the city of Bend and about 130 miles (210 km) southeast of Portland.[2]
Physical geography
[edit]In 1967, a stand replacement fire (a fire that kills most if not all of the living upper canopy layer in the forest and initiates succession or regrowth) burned through 5,000 acres (20 km2) of the surrounding Santiam Pass area. It reached the vegetation on the eastern and southern flanks of Hoodoo Butte, leaving patches of trees compared to the denser forest on the northern slope.[4] Forest fires tore through the region again during the summer of 2003.[5]
Soil on the mountain ranges from shallow to moderately deep with loam, and tends to be loose and cindery.[6]
Ecology
[edit]Bird species near Hoodoo include woodpeckers and bald eagles. Deer and American black bears frequent the surrounding area.[5]
Geology
[edit]Hoodoo Butte lies near the Santiam Pass area, in the eastern segment of the Cascade Range known as the High Cascades, which trends north–south.[7] Constructed towards the end of the Pleistocene epoch, these mountains are underlain by more ancient volcanoes that subsided due to parallel north–south faulting in the surrounding region.[8] In the region stretching south from Mount Jefferson to Santiam Pass, shield volcanoes dominate, forming a broad ridge with cinder cones.[9] Eruptions at these vents have produced rocks with compositions ranging from basaltic andesite to andesite and basalt lavas.[9] The majority of rock in the region consists of normally polarized material less than 730,000 years old.[10]
Hoodoo Butte is part of the Sisters Reach, which extends from South Cinder Peak to Crane Prairie Reservoir, running for 56 miles (90 km). With at least 466 volcanoes active during the Quaternary, it has a high vent density, with many mafic (rich in magnesium and iron) volcanoes of Pleistocene to Holocene age. Hoodoo Butte is one of the larger mafic volcanoes, along with Three Fingered Jack, North Sister, and the vents of the Mount Bachelor chain.[11]
Sometimes considered a subfeature of the Mount Washington shield volcano,[12] Hoodoo forms one of several glaciated remnants of Pleistocene volcanoes in the region, other nearby examples including Maxwell Butte and Cache Mountain.[13] It is a cinder cone and possesses an intact summit crater, since the neighboring andesite lava dome of Hayrick Butte prevented Pleistocene glaciers from reaching Hoodoo's summit.[14] The crater is open to the east as a result of its irregular topography, which led to uneven distribution of ejected material such that most of the volcanic rock that forms the edifice was deposited elsewhere.[3] The cinder cone is surrounded by volcanic ash from the Sand Mountain Cones which was moved by water, and some of this ash forms a layer on the floor of the summit crater.[3]
Human history
[edit]According to one local story, a cartographer accidentally switched the names for Hoodoo Butte and the nearby tuya Hayrick Butte. The word "hoodoo" refers to rock buttresses like those observed at the nearby Hayrick Butte, while "hayrick" is a synonym for haystack, a more fitting name for Hoodoo Butte, which has a profile that resembles a haystack shape. Whether or not this error actually occurred remains unclear, but the names remain to present day.[15] The name Hoodoo Butte was confirmed by the United States Board on Geographic Names on November 28, 1980.[1]
The top of Hoodoo Butte has electronic communication relay sites, which are owned by AT&T and Bend Telecommunications.[16]
Recreation
[edit]The Hoodoo ski area, a popular winter sports destination, sits on Hoodoo Butte. It encompasses 800 acres (3.2 km2) with 34 trail runs, five chairlifts, a snow tubing park, night skiing,[2] lodges, rental and repair stores, and a day-care building.[5] First built in 1938,[2] the original ski area was supported by a group funded by Ed Thurston of Eugene.[17][18] Following World War II, the ski area embarked on improvements, including lodging and chairlifts.[19] The oldest ski area in the Central Cascades, the Hoodoo area offers terrains for all levels of skiing. It closes to off-road motorized vehicle use from November 1 through May 15.[20]
In addition to skiing, snowshoeing and snowmobiling are popular winter activities in the area, with fishing, hiking, camping, and mountain biking popular during the summer season.[21] The Hoodoo Ski Bowl offers scenic views of the local region.[22] Fishing is a popular recreational activity in the area, particularly for brook and cutthroat trout at Big Lake, 3 miles (4.8 km) south via the ski area's access road.[5] Recreational boating, windsurfing, and water skiing are also common during the summer.[5]
See also
[edit]Notes
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e "Hoodoo Butte". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
- ^ a b c d e "About Hoodoo Ski Area". Hoodoo Ski Area. 2018. Archived from the original on February 13, 2018. Retrieved February 12, 2018.
- ^ a b c Taylor 1965, p. 129.
- ^ Willamette N.F, Hoodoo Master Plan, Linn County 1996, p. 1-11.
- ^ a b c d e Barr 2012, p. 172.
- ^ Willamette N.F, Hoodoo Master Plan, Linn County 1996, p. 3-17.
- ^ Joslin 2005, p. 30.
- ^ Joslin 2005, p. 31.
- ^ a b Wood & Kienle 1990, p. 178.
- ^ Wood & Kienle 1990, pp. 178–179.
- ^ Hildreth 2007, p. 23.
- ^ "Washington". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution. 2013. Archived from the original on February 13, 2018. Retrieved February 12, 2018.
- ^ Taylor 1981, p. 55.
- ^ Taylor 1981, p. 75.
- ^ Eisenbeis, C. (August 23, 2016). "Tuya: A distinctive local geological feature". Nugget Newspaper. Dolson, K. Archived from the original on February 12, 2018. Retrieved February 11, 2018.
- ^ Willamette N.F, Hoodoo Master Plan, Linn County 1996, p. 3-27.
- ^ Frazier, Ruby (October 17, 1948). "Hoodoo ski resort set for winter play". Eugene Register-Guard. p. 1. Archived from the original on January 31, 2021. Retrieved January 31, 2021.
- ^ Freeman, Mike (January 3, 1988). "Hoodoo's Golden Year". The Bulletin. p. D1. Archived from the original on January 31, 2021. Retrieved January 31, 2021.
- ^ "Hoodoo Development". The Register-Guard. October 17, 1948. p. 11B. Archived from the original on January 31, 2021. Retrieved February 12, 2018.
- ^ "Hoodoo Ski Area". Willamette National Forest. United States Forest Service. Archived from the original on February 13, 2018. Retrieved February 12, 2018.
- ^ Willamette N.F, Hoodoo Master Plan, Linn County 1996, p. 3-20.
- ^ Willamette N.F, Hoodoo Master Plan, Linn County 1996, p. 3-21.
Sources
[edit]- Barr, T. (2012). Scenic Routes & Byways, Oregon. Rowman & Littlefield.
- Hildreth, W. (2007). Quaternary Magmatism in the Cascades, Geologic Perspectives. United States Geological Survey. Professional Paper 1744. Archived from the original on 2019-03-25. Retrieved 2021-01-31.
- Joslin, L. (2005). The Wilderness Concept and the Three Sisters Wilderness: Deschutes and Willamette National Forests, Oregon. Bend, Oregon: Wilderness Associates. ISBN 978-0-9647167-4-2.
- Taylor, E. M. (1981). Central High Cascade Roadside Geology: Bend, Sisters, McKenzie Pass, and Santiam Pass, Oregon. United States Geological Survey.
- Taylor, E. M. (July 1965). "Recent Volcanism Between Three Fingered Jack and North Sister, Oregon Cascade Range". Ore Bin. 27 (7). Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries: 121–148.
- Willamette N.F, Hoodoo Master Plan, Linn County: Environmental Impact Statement. United States Forest Service. 1996. Archived from the original on 2021-01-31. Retrieved 2021-01-31.
- Wood, C. A.; Kienle, J., eds. (1990). Volcanoes of North America. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-43811-X.