John Y. Mason

For other people with the same name, see John Mason (disambiguation).

John Y. Mason
United States Minister to France
In office January 22, 1854 – October 3, 1859
President	Franklin Pierce James Buchanan
Preceded by	William Cabell Rives
Succeeded by	Charles J. Faulkner
16th and 18th United States Secretary of the Navy
In office September 10, 1846 – March 4, 1849
President	James K. Polk
Preceded by	George Bancroft
Succeeded by	William Ballard Preston
In office March 26, 1844 – March 4, 1845
President	John Tyler
Preceded by	Thomas Walker Gilmer
Succeeded by	George Bancroft
18th United States Attorney General
In office March 5, 1845 – October 16, 1846
President	James K. Polk
Preceded by	John Nelson
Succeeded by	Nathan Clifford
Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia
In office March 3, 1841 – March 23, 1844
Appointed by	Martin Van Buren
Preceded by	Peter Vivian Daniel
Succeeded by	James Dandridge Halyburton
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Virginia's 2nd district
In office March 4, 1831 – January 11, 1837
Preceded by	James Trezvant
Succeeded by	Francis E. Rives
Personal details
Born	John Young Mason (1799-04-18)April 18, 1799 Hicksford, Virginia, U.S.
Died	October 3, 1859(1859-10-03) (aged 60) Paris, French Empire
Resting place	Hollywood Cemetery Richmond, Virginia
Political party	Democratic
Education	University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (AB) Litchfield Law School

John Young Mason (April 18, 1799 – October 3, 1859) was a United States representative from Virginia, the 16th and 18th United States Secretary of the Navy, the 18th Attorney General of the United States, United States Minister to France and a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia.

Early life

Mason was born on April 18, 1799, in Hicksford (now Emporia) in Greensville County, Virginia. A member of the prominent Mason Family of Virginia, he was a descendant of Francis Mason, who was an Englishman that migrated to Virginia in the early 1600s.

He received an Artium Baccalaureus degree in 1816 from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, attended Litchfield Law School and read law in 1819.

Career

Mason entered private practice in Greensville County from 1819 to 1821. He continued private practice in Southampton County, Virginia, from 1821 to 1831. He was a member of the Virginia House of Delegates from 1823 to 1827, and a member of the Senate of Virginia from 1827 to 1831. He was commonwealth's attorney for Greensville County from 1827 to 1831. He was a delegate to the Virginia constitutional conventions of 1829 and 1850. In 1847, he was elected as a member of the American Philosophical Society.

Congressional service

Mason was elected as a Jacksonian Democrat from Virginia's 2nd congressional district to the United States House of Representatives of the 22nd, 23rd and 24th United States Congresses and served from March 4, 1831, until his resignation January 11, 1837. He was Chairman of the Committee on Foreign Affairs for the 24th United States Congress. Following his departure from Congress, he resumed private practice in Hicksford from 1837 to 1841.

Federal judicial service

Mason was nominated by President Martin Van Buren on February 26, 1841, to a seat on the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia vacated by Judge Peter Vivian Daniel. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on March 2, 1841, and received his commission on March 3, 1841. His service terminated on March 23, 1844, due to his resignation.

Later career

Mason (first from the left) in Polk's cabinet, 1849

Mason was appointed the 16th United States Secretary of the Navy in the Cabinet of President John Tyler and served from March 14, 1844, to March 10, 1845, and again as the 18th Secretary in the Cabinet of President James K. Polk from September 9, 1846, to March 7, 1849. He was the 18th Attorney General of the United States from March 11, 1845, to September 9, 1846. He resumed the practice of law in Richmond, Virginia from 1849 to 1854. He was appointed United States Minister to France for the United States Department of State and served from January 22, 1854, until his death.

Personal life

John Y. Mason's Home historical marker

Mason married Mary Ann Fort, the daughter of a prominent land-owner, in 1821 and became a planter himself, as well as continuing as a lawyer. He owned Fortsville located near Grizzard, Sussex County, Virginia.

Mason died on October 3, 1859, in Paris in the French Empire. His remains were conveyed to the United States and interred in Hollywood Cemetery in Richmond.

Honors

USS Mason (DD-191) from 1920 to 1940, and USS Mason (DDG-87) from 2003 to present, were named in honor of Secretary of the Navy John Y. Mason, sharing the honor on DDG-87 with another individual of the same last name.

Electoral history

• 1831; Mason was elected with 57.88% of the vote, defeating Independent Richard Eppes.
• 1833; Mason was re-elected unopposed.

See also

• Virginia Constitutional Convention of 1850

Further reading

• Williams, Frances Leigh (1967). "The Heritage and Preparation of a Statesman, John Young Mason, 1799–1859". Virginia Magazine of History and Biography. 75 (3): 305–330. JSTOR 4247323.

External links

• United States Congress. "John Y. Mason (id: M000220)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
• Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Mason, John Young" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 840.
• John Young Mason at the Biographical Directory of Federal Judges, a publication of the Federal Judicial Center.