List of Mexican Nobel laureates and nominees
The following is a list of Mexican Nobel laureates and nominees.
Laureates
[edit]| Year | Image | Laureate | Born | Died | Field | Citation | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Citizens | |||||||
| 1982 | Alfonso García Robles | 20 March 1911 in Zamora, Michoacán, Mexico | 2 September 1991 in Mexico City, Mexico | Peace | "for their work for disarmament and nuclear and weapon-free zones."[1] (awarded together with Swedish diplomat Alva Myrdal) | ||
| 1990 | Octavio Paz Lozano | 31 March 1914 in Mexico City, Mexico | 19 April 1998 in Mexico City, Mexico | Literature | "for impassioned writing with wide horizons, characterized by sensuous intelligence and humanistic integrity."[2] | ||
| 1995 | Mario José Molina Henríquez | 19 March 1943 in Mexico City, Mexico | 7 October 2020 in Mexico City, Mexico | Chemistry | "for their work in atmospheric chemistry, particularly concerning the formation and decomposition of ozone."[3] (awarded together with Dutch meteorologist Paul J. Crutzen and American chemist Frank Sherwood Rowland) | ||
| Expatriates | |||||||
| 1982 | Gabriel García Márquez | 6 March 1927 in Aracataca, Magdalena, Colombia | 17 April 2014 in Mexico City, Mexico | Literature | "for his novels and short stories, in which the fantastic and the realistic are combined in a richly composed world of imagination, reflecting a continent's life and conflicts."[4] | ||
Nominations
[edit]Nominees
[edit]Since 1949, Mexicans began to receive nominations for the prestigious Swedish prize. The following list are the nominees with verified nominations archived by the Nobel Committee and recognized international organizations. There are also other purported nominees whose nominations are yet to be verified since the archives are revealed 50 years after,[5] among them:
- For Literature: Martín Luis Guzmán (1887–1976), Ernesto Galarza (1905–1984), Juan Rulfo (1917–1986), Elena Garro (1916–1998), Juan José Arreola (1918–2001), Carlos Fuentes (1928–2012), José Emilio Pacheco (1939–2014), Fernando del Paso (1935–2018), Sergio Pitol (1933–2018), Elena Poniatowska (born 1932), Homero Aridjis (born 1940), Adolfo Castañón (born 1952) and Cristina Rivera Garza (born 1964).
- For Peace: Juan Manuel Estrada Juárez (?), José Raúl Vera López (born 1945), Rosa María de la Garza (born 1960), Claudia Sheinbaum (born 1962), and Adán Cortés Salas (born 1993)
| Image | Nominee | Born | Died | Years Nominated | Citation | Nominator(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Physiology or Medicine | ||||||
| Arturo Rosenblueth | 2 October 1900 in Ciudad Guerrero, Chihuahua, Mexico | 20 September 1970 in Mexico City, Mexico | 1952 | "for his pioneering contributions to cybernetics." | G. Guzman (?) | |
| Literature | ||||||
| Rafael Altamira y Crevea[6] | 10 February 1866 in Alicante, Spain | 1 June 1951 in Mexico City, Mexico | 1911 | Historia de la Propiedad Comunal (1890) Historia de España y de la Civilización Española (1899) |
Aniceto Sela Sampil (1863–1935) | |
| 1912 | Fermín Canella Secades (1849–1924) | |||||
| Enrique González Martínez[7] | 13 April 1871 in Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico | 19 February 1952 in Mexico City, Mexico | 1949 | Los senderos ocultos (1911) La palabra del viento (1921) Poemas truncos (1935) Bajo el signo mortal (1942) |
Antonio Castro Leal (1896–1981) | |
| 1952 | Academia Mexicana de la Lengua | |||||
| Alfonso Reyes Ochoa[8] | 17 May 1889 in Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico | 27 December 1959 in Mexico City, Mexico | 1949 | Cuestiones estéticas (1911) Visión de Anáhuac (1915) Ifigenia cruel (1924) Discurso por Virgilio (1931) Cantata en la tumba de Federico García Lorca (1937) |
(1889–1957) | |
| 1953 | Fidelino de Figueiredo (1888–1967) | |||||
| 1956 | National Autonomous University of Mexico | |||||
| 1958 | Ángel del Río (1900–1962) | |||||
| 1959 | Jean Camp (?) | |||||
| María Enriqueta Camarillo Roa[9] | 19 February 1872 in Coatepec, Veracruz, Mexico | 13 February 1968 in Mexico City, Mexico | 1951 | Jirón de Mundo (1918) El Secreto (1922) Album sentimental (1926) Cuentecillos de cristal (1928) |
Leavitt Olds Wright (1891–1980) | |
| Germán Pardo García | 19 July 1902 in Ibagué, Tolima, Colombia | 23 August 1991 in Mexico City, Mexico | 1967, 1968, 1969 | Noche triste (1918) Las voces naturales (1945) Poemas contemporáneos (1949) Labios nocturnos (1965) |
James Willis Robb (1918–2010) | |
| 1968, 1970 | Kurt Leopold Levy (1917–2000) | |||||
| Luis Buñuel Portolés | 22 February 1900 in Calanda, Aragon, Spain | 29 July 1983 in Mexico City, Mexico | 1968 | List of Luis Buñuel filmography | unnamed nominator | |
| 1972 | Lars Forssell (1928–2007) | |||||
| Peace | ||||||
| Rafael Altamira y Crevea[6] | 10 February 1866 in Alicante, Spain | 1 June 1951 in Mexico City, Mexico | 1908, 1909, 1911 | Fermín Canella Secades (1849–1924) | ||
| 1933 | "for introducing internationalistic and humanitarian reforms in his work as a history professor and for his role in drafting the statutes of the Permanent Court of International Justice at The Hague." | Michel Lhéritier (1889–1951) | ||||
| 1951 | "for his important contribution to international law, especially his extensive authorship on international law." | José Isidro Fabela Alfaro (1882–1964) | ||||
| Jean Sarrailh (1891–1964) | ||||||
| Edo Fimmen[10]* | 18 June 1881 in Nieuwer-Amstel, North Holland, Netherlands | 14 December 1942 in Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico | 1937 | "for encouraging a joint action by the European trade unions against the new dangers of war and for the protection of the German working class." | Eugène van Walleghem (1882–1964) | |
| Vladimír Clementis (1902–1952) | ||||||
| Miguel Alemán Valdés[11] | 29 September 1900 in Sayula de Alemán, Veracruz, Mexico | 14 May 1983 in Mexico City, Mexico | 1952 | "for his Pan-American work and his contribution for creating international understanding." | José Maria Salazar (?) | |
| 1953 | Albert Ethéart (?) | |||||
| Adolfo López Mateos[12] | 26 May 1909 in Ciudad López Mateos, Mexico | 22 September 1969 in Mexico City Mexico | 1963 | Benjamin Peralta (?) | ||
| 1963 | "for his many action to create a more peaceful world, being a pacifist and humanitarian, and has done much to prevent war." | José Isidro Fabela Alfaro (1882–1964) | ||||
| 1964 | "for leading the way towards world peace through his declaration of Mexico as a non nuclear zone." | |||||
| Alfonso García Robles[13][14] | 20 March 1911 in Zamora, Michoacán, Mexico | 2 September 1991 in Mexico City, Mexico | 1968 | "for his work in negotiating the Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America, and for his other services to international goodwill and understanding." | (1889–1982) | |
| 1970 | "for his support of disarmament in Latin-America and almost making it a non-nuclear zone." | |||||
| 1971 | "for being a moving force in securing the adoption of the Disarmament Resolutions by the United Nations General Assembly, which set forth a programme for general and complete disarmament." | |||||
| 1969 | "for his years of international activity tending to the progress of law and the strengthening of peace and for his leadership in the work that culminated with the Treaty of Tlatelolco, which prohibits nuclear arms in Latin America." | Antonio Carrillo Flores (1909–1986) | ||||
| 1971 | "for his merits and contribution to the creation of treaties against nuclear-arms in Latin-America, which he contributed greatly to through his intelligence, perseverance, and love for peace." | Jorge Castañeda y Álvarez de la Rosa (1921–1997) | ||||
| "because he took a decisive part in the adoption of the Treaty signed in Mexico City on April 12, 1967, establishing a denuclearization regime for Latin America." | René-Jean Dupuy (1918–1997) | |||||
| Samuel Ruíz García | 3 November 1924 in Guanajuato, Mexico | 24 January 2011 in Mexico City, Mexico | 1994, 1995, 1996 | "for his efforts to achieve peace in Chiapas and his passionate advocacy for indigenous communities." |
| |
| 12 Mexican women (part of the 1000 PeaceWomen)[a] | began in 2003 in Bern, Switzerland | 2005 | "in recognition of women's efforts and visibility in promoting peace all over the world."[15] |
| ||
| Alejandro Solalinde Guerra | 19 March 1945 in Texcoco de Mora, Mexico | — | 2017 | "because of his many achievements and his unbreakable spirit to serve the most marginalized members of society."[16] | Jorge Olvera García (born 1962) | |
| Daniel Alonso Rodríguez | 13 November 1998 in Tlaxcoapan, Hidalgo, Mexico | — | 2017 | "for his unusual sensitivity and dedication to human rights in Mexico."[17][18] | Juan Gabriel Zamora JJiménez (?) | |
Notes
[edit]- ^ The 12 Mexican who formed part in the 1000 PeaceWomen were Elsa Patria Jiménez Flores (born 1957), Guadalupe Hernández Dimas (born ?), Macedonia Blas Flores (born 1958), Maria del Pilar Sertvije de Mariscal (born 1946), Marta Lamas Encabo (born 1947), Martha Lucía Mícher Camarena (born 1954), Nuria Costa Leonardo (born 1960), Rosario Ibarra de Piedra (1927–2022), Sandra Jiménez Loza (born ?), Sara Lovera López (born 1949), Sylvia Aguilera García (born 1974), and Teresa Columba Ulloa Ziaurriz (born 1949).
References
[edit]- ^ The Nobel Peace Prize 1982 nobelprize.org
- ^ The Nobel Prize in Literature 1990 nobelprize.org
- ^ The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1995 nobelprize.org
- ^ The Nobel Prize in Literature 1982 nobelprize.org
- ^ Nomination and selection of Nobel Peace Prize laureates nobelprize.org
- ^ a b Nomination archive – Rafael Altamira y Crevea nobelprize.org
- ^ Nomination archive – Enrique González Martínez nobelprize.org
- ^ Nomination archive – Alfonso Reyes nobelprize.org
- ^ Nomination archive – Maria Enriqueta Camarillo y Roa nobelprize.org
- ^ Nomination archive – Edo Fimmen nobelprize.org
- ^ Nomination archive – Miguel Alemán Valdés nobelprize.org
- ^ Nomination archive – Adolfo Lopez Mateos nobelprize.org
- ^ Nomination archive – Alfonso Garcia Robles nobelprize.org
- ^ Nomination archive - Alfonso Garcia Robles nobelprize.org
- ^ PeaceWomen Across the Globe, www.1000peacewomen.org, retrieved 22 July 2022.
- ^ "UAEM nominates Father Alejandro Solalinde for Nobel Peace Prize". thenews.mx. 21 September 2016. Retrieved 22 July 2023.
- ^ "Daniel Alonso, de 19 años y estudiante de Derecho del ITESM, es nominado al Nobel de la Paz" (in Spanish). 18 March 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2023.
- ^ "Joven mexicano estudiante del ITESM está nominado al Nobel de la Paz". Universia (in Spanish). 31 March 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2023.
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| Related | |||||||||
1 Nobel Memorial Prize (not one of the original Nobel Prizes). | |||||||||