Pedro de Betanzos
This article includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. (April 2014) |
Pedro de Betanzos (died 1570) was a Spanish Franciscan missionary and linguist.
Life
[edit]Betanzos was born in Betanzos in Galicia. He was one of the earliest Franciscan missionaries to Guatemala, and founder of the Church in Nicaragua. He is said to have acquired, in eight years, the use of fourteen Indian languages, including Nahuatl. He became fluent in Quiché, Kaqchikel, and Zutuhil in one year.
During this time, and on account of his writings, the controversy began between the Franciscans and Dominicans over the use of the Indian term "Cabovil" as a synonym for God. Betanzos insisted they were not synonymous and always wrote "Dios", even in Indian idioms. The Dominicans on the other hand kept up the native term "Cabovil". The Franciscans were correct, in that the indigenous peoples had no conception of monotheism, and "Cabovil" does not mean a personal supreme Deity. Betanzos died at Chomez, Nicaragua.
Works
[edit]Along with Juan de Torres, Betanzos was one of the authors of a work published at Mexico and entitled, Arte, Vocabulario y Doctrina Christiana en Lengua de Guatemala. It is probably the book printed in Mexico previous to 1553 as Catecismo y Doctrina Cristiana en idioma Utlateco and ascribed to the "Franciscan Fathers", and also to Bishop Marroquin of Guatemala. No copy of it, however, is known to exist. It is the earliest work printed in any of the languages of Guatemala.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- Attribution
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Fray Pedro de Betanzos". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. The entry cites the following sources:
- Ycazbalceta, Bibliografia mexicana, (Mexico, 1886), for a reference to Betanzos's works
- Beristain, Bibliot. hispano-americana set. (Mexico, 1816), for biographical information on Betanzos
- Vazques, Cronica de la Provincia del Illmo, Nombre de Jesus, del Orden de San Francisco de Guatemala (Guatemala, 1714–16), the original source for Beristain's information
- Squier, Monograph of Authors, etc., (New York, 1861), repeating Beristain's information
- Ludewig, Literature of American Aboriginal Languages (London, 1858).
- Remesal, Historia de la provincia de San Vicente de Chyapa y Guatemala (Madrid, 1619), for the linguistic controversy