Wikipedia

2024 Galician regional election

The 2024 Galician regional election was held on Sunday, 18 February 2024, to elect the 12th Parliament of the Autonomous Community of Galicia. All 75 seats in the Parliament were up for election.

2024 Galician regional election
← 2020 18 February 2024 Next →
All 75 seats in the Parliament of Galicia
38 seats needed for a majority
Opinion polls
Registered2,693,816 Red arrow down0.1%
Turnout1,515,944 (56.3%)
Green arrow up7.3 pp
  First party Second party Third party
 
Leader Alfonso Rueda Ana Pontón José Ramón Gómez Besteiro
Party PP BNG PSdeG–PSOE
Leader since 22 May 2022 28 February 2016 18 October 2023
Leader's seat Pontevedra A Coruña Lugo
Last election 42 seats, 48.0% 19 seats, 23.8% 14 seats, 19.4%
Seats won 40 25 9
Seat change Red arrow down2 Green arrow up6 Red arrow down5
Popular vote 711,713 470,692 211,361
Percentage 47.4% 31.3% 14.1%
Swing Red arrow down0.6 pp Green arrow up7.5 pp Red arrow down5.3 pp
  Fourth party
 
Leader Armando Ojea
Party DO
Leader since 15 November 2023
Leader's seat Ourense
Last election Did not contest
Seats won 1
Seat change Green arrow up1
Popular vote 15,442
Percentage 1.0%
Swing New party
Constituency results map for the Parliament of Galicia
President before election

Alfonso Rueda
PP

Elected President

Alfonso Rueda
PP

Overview

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Electoral system

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The Parliament of Galicia was the devolved, unicameral legislature of the autonomous community of Galicia, having legislative power in regional matters as defined by the Spanish Constitution and the Galician Statute of Autonomy, as well as the ability to vote confidence in or withdraw it from a regional president.[1] Voting for the Parliament was on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprised all nationals over 18 years of age, registered in Galicia and in full enjoyment of their political rights. Amendments to the electoral law in 2022 abolished the "begged" or expat vote system (Spanish: Voto rogado), under which Spaniards abroad were required to apply for voting before being permitted to vote.[2] The expat vote system was attributed responsibility for a major decrease in the turnout of Spaniards abroad during the years it had been in force.[3]

The 75 members of the Parliament of Galicia were elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with an electoral threshold of five percent of valid votes—which included blank ballots—being applied in each constituency. Seats were allocated to constituencies, corresponding to the provinces of A Coruña, Lugo, Ourense and Pontevedra, with each being allocated an initial minimum of 10 seats and the remaining 35 being distributed in proportion to their populations.[1][4]

As a result of the aforementioned allocation, each Parliament constituency was entitled the following seats:[5]

Seats Constituencies
25 A Coruña
22 Pontevedra
14 Lugo, Ourense

In smaller constituencies, the use of the electoral method resulted in an effective threshold based on the district magnitude and the distribution of votes among candidacies.[6]

Election date

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The term of the Parliament of Galicia expired four years after the date of its previous election, unless it was dissolved earlier. The election decree was required to be issued no later than the twenty-fifth day prior to the date of expiry of parliament and published on the following day in the Official Journal of Galicia (DOG), with election day taking place between the fifty-fourth and the sixtieth day from publication. The previous election was held on 12 July 2020, which meant that the legislature's term would have expired on 12 July 2024. The election decree was required to be published in the DOG no later than 18 June 2024, with the election taking place up to the sixtieth day from publication, setting the latest possible election date for the Parliament on Saturday, 16 August 2024.[1][4]

The president had the prerogative to dissolve the Parliament and call a snap election, provided that it did not occur before one year had elapsed since a previous dissolution under this procedure. In the event of an investiture process failing to elect a regional president within a two-month period from the first ballot, the Parliament was to be automatically dissolved and a fresh election called.[7]

Following Alberto Núñez Feijóo's resignation as president of Galicia to become PP national leader, it was speculated that his successor, Alfonso Rueda, could seek to call a snap election for some time throughout 2023 or even to make it coincide with the scheduled general election in December 2023.[8] Following Pedro Sánchez's surprise announcement of a snap general election on 29 May 2023, Rueda ruled out a simultaneous regional election "because Galicia cannot be infected by instability".[9] It was later commented that a good result for Feijóo in the general election could prompt Rueda to trigger a snap election for late 2023, but the close result on 23 July prevented this from materializing.[10][11][12] Following Sánchez's investiture in November 2023, rumours again emerged that Rueda was planning to hold a snap election for early 2024.[13] Asked on 27 November on whether the Galician election would be held simultaneously with the Basque regional election as had been the case in the four previous occasions, Rueda proclaimed that "Galicia has its own way";[14] later, the president of the Basque Nationalist Party (PNV) Andoni Ortuzar said in an interview that the Galician election seemed "like it is going to go at full speed", with the Galician government allegedly not wishing a simultaneous election call.[15][16] On 30 November, Rueda acknowledged that he would seek a Galician-only election "without a doubt (...) if that is in the interest of Galicia",[17] and that election preparations were already underway.[18] 18 February has been commented by the media as the most likely date for a snap election to be held.[19][20] Finally on 21 December, Rueda announced a snap election to be held on 18 February 2024.[21] While Basque lehendakari Iñigo Urkullu was informed of this decision,[22] he distanced himself from Rueda arguing that "the Basque Country is not Galicia", thus paving the way for both elections to be held separately for the first time since 2005.[23]

The Parliament of Galicia was officially dissolved on 26 December 2023 after the publication of the dissolution decree in the DOG, setting the election date for 18 February 2024 and scheduling for the chamber to reconvene on 18 March.[5]

Parliamentary composition

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The table below shows the composition of the parliamentary groups in the Parliament at the time of dissolution.[24]

Parliamentary composition in December 2023
Groups Parties Legislators
Seats Total
People's Parliamentary Group of Galicia PP 42 42
Galician Nationalist Bloc's Parliamentary Group BNG 19 19
Socialists' Parliamentary Group of Galicia PSdeG–PSOE 14 14

Parties and candidates

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The electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election were required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call, whereas groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they sought election, disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates.[4][25]

Below is a list of the main parties and electoral alliances which contested the election:

Candidacy Parties and
alliances 		Leading candidate Ideology Previous result Gov. Ref.
Votes (%) Seats
PP
List
   Alfonso Rueda Conservatism
Christian democracy 		47.96% 42  Y [26]
BNG
List
   Ana Pontón Galician nationalism
Left-wing nationalism
Socialism 		23.79% 19  N [27]
[28]
PSdeG–
PSOE
List
   José Ramón Gómez Besteiro Social democracy 19.39% 14  N [29]
Sumar
Galicia
List
   Marta Lois Progressivism
Left-wing populism
Green politics 		4.01%[a] 0  N [30]
[31]
Podemos–AV
List
   Isabel Faraldo Left-wing populism
Democratic socialism 		 N [30]
[32]
[33]
Vox
List
   Álvaro Díaz-Mella Right-wing populism
Ultranationalism
National conservatism 		2.05% 0  N [34]
DO
List
   Armando Ojea Localism
Right-wing populism 		New party  N [35]

Timetable

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The key dates are listed below (all times are CET):[4][25][36]

  • 25 December: The election decree is issued with the countersign of the President after deliberation in the Council of Government.[5]
  • 26 December: Formal dissolution of the Parliament of Galicia and beginning of a suspension period of events for the inauguration of public works, services or projects.
  • 29 December: Initial constitution of provincial and zone electoral commissions.
  • 5 January: Deadline for parties and federations intending to enter into a coalition to inform the relevant electoral commission.
  • 15 January: Deadline for parties, federations, coalitions, and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates to the relevant electoral commission.
  • 17 January: Submitted lists of candidates are provisionally published in the Official Journal of Galicia (DOG).
  • 20 January: Deadline for citizens entered in the Register of Absent Electors Residing Abroad (CERA) and for citizens temporarily absent from Spain to apply for voting.
  • 21 January: Deadline for parties, federations, coalitions, and groupings of electors to rectify irregularities in their lists.
  • 22 January: Official proclamation of valid submitted lists of candidates.
  • 23 January: Proclaimed lists are published in the DOG.
  • 2 February: Official start of electoral campaigning.[5]
  • 8 February: Deadline to apply for postal voting.
  • 13 February: Official start of legal ban on electoral opinion polling publication, dissemination or reproduction and deadline for CERA citizens to vote by mail.
  • 14 February: Deadline for postal and temporarily absent voters to issue their votes.
  • 16 February: Last day of official electoral campaigning and deadline for CERA citizens to vote in a ballot box in the relevant consular office or division.[5]
  • 17 February: Official 24-hour ban on political campaigning prior to the general election (reflection day).
  • 18 February: Polling day (polling stations open at 9 am and close at 8 pm or once voters present in a queue at/outside the polling station at 8 pm have cast their vote). Provisional counting of votes starts immediately.
  • 26 February: General counting of votes, including the counting of CERA votes.
  • 29 February: Deadline for the general counting of votes to be carried out by the relevant electoral commission.
  • 9 March: Deadline for elected members to be proclaimed by the relevant electoral commission.
  • 19 March: Deadline for the parliament to be re-assembled (the election decree determines this date).[5]
  • 18 April: Final deadline for definitive results to be published in the DOG.

Campaign

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Party slogans

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Party or alliance Original slogan English translation Ref.
PP « A Galicia que funciona » "The Galicia that works" [37]
BNG « Agora! A Galiza que queres » "Now! The Galicia you want" [38]
PSdeG–PSOE « Desta vai! » "This one goes!" [38]
Sumar « Farémolo posible » "We will make it possible" [38]
Podemos « Defende as túas ideas » "Defend your ideas" [39]
Vox « A mellor »
« A mejor » 		"To better" [40]

Election debates

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2024 Galician regional election debates
Date Organisers Moderator(s)     P  Present[b]    S  Surrogate[c]    A  Absent invitee 
PP BNG PSdeG Sumar Podemos Audience Ref.
2 February El País/
Cadena SER 		Ricardo Rodríguez S
Pazos 		P
Pontón 		P
Besteiro 		NI NI — [41]
5 February TVG Marta Darriba
Alejandro López 		P
Rueda 		P
Pontón 		P
Besteiro 		P
Lois 		P
Faraldo 		18.0%(150,000) [42]
[43]
14 February RTVE Xabier Fortes A P
Pontón 		P
Besteiro 		NI NI 17.4%(146,000)[d] [44]
[45]

Opinion polls

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The tables below list opinion polling results in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a poll.

Voting intention estimates

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The table below lists weighted voting intention estimates. Refusals are generally excluded from the party vote percentages, while question wording and the treatment of "don't know" responses and those not intending to vote may vary between polling organisations. When available, seat projections determined by the polling organisations are displayed below (or in place of) the percentages in a smaller font; 38 seats were required for an absolute majority in the Parliament of Galicia.

Color key:

  Poll conducted after legal ban on opinion polls

Voting preferences

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The table below lists raw, unweighted voting preferences.

Victory preferences

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The table below lists opinion polling on the victory preferences for each party in the event of a regional election taking place.

Victory likelihood

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The table below lists opinion polling on the perceived likelihood of victory for each party in the event of a regional election taking place.

Preferred President

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The table below lists opinion polling on leader preferences to become president of the Regional Government of Galicia.

Predicted President

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The table below lists opinion polling on the perceived likelihood for each leader to become president of the Regional Government of Galicia.

Voter turnout

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The table below shows registered vote turnout on election day without including voters from the Census of Absent-Residents (CERA).

Province Time
12:00 17:00 20:00
2020 2024 +/– 2020 2024 +/– 2020 2024 +/–
A Coruña 18.79% 16.73% –2.06 42.84% 48.57% +5.73 57.97% 66.17% +8.20
Lugo 18.20% 17.76% –0.44 41.89% 49.75% +7.86 59.97% 69.83% +9.86
Ourense 21.70% 19.28% –2.42 42.69% 50.19% +7.50 60.79% 68.96% +8.17
Pontevedra 19.85% 16.66% –3.19 43.60% 49.34% +5.74 58.95% 67.24% +8.29
Total 19.42% 17.12% –2.30 42.97% 49.17% +6.20 58.88% 67.30% +8.42
Sources[46]

Results

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Overall

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← Summary of the 18 February 2024 Parliament of Galicia election results
 
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
People's Party (PP) 711,713 47.39 –0.57 40 –2
Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG) 470,692 31.34 +7.55 25 +6
Socialists' Party of Galicia (PSdeG–PSOE) 211,361 14.07 –5.32 9 –5
Vox (Vox) 34,045 2.27 +0.22 0 ±0
Unite Galicia (Sumar Galicia)1 29,009 1.93 n/a 0 ±0
Ourensan Democracy (DO) 15,442 1.03 New 1 +1
Animalist Party with the Environment (PACMA)2 5,932 0.40 –0.06 0 ±0
We Can Galicia (Podemos–AV)1 4,420 0.29 n/a 0 ±0
Blank Seats (EB) 2,884 0.19 +0.15 0 ±0
Galicianist Common Space (ECG) 1,635 0.11 New 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 1,572 0.10 +0.04 0 ±0
Blank ballots 13,052 0.87 –0.03
Total 1,501,757 75 ±0
Valid votes 1,501,757 99.06 –0.03
Invalid votes 14,187 0.94 +0.03
Votes cast / turnout 1,515,944 56.27 +7.30
Abstentions 1,177,872 43.73 –7.30
Registered voters 2,693,816
Sources[47]
Footnotes:
Popular vote
PP
 
 47.39%
BNG
 
 31.34%
PSdeG–PSOE
 
 14.07%
Vox
 
 2.27%
Sumar
 
 1.93%
DO
 
 1.03%
Others
 
 1.09%
Blank ballots
 
 0.87%
Seats
PP
 
 53.33%
BNG
 
 33.33%
PSdeG–PSOE
 
 12.00%
DO
 
 1.33%

Distribution by constituency

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Constituency PP BNG PSdeG DO
% S % S % S % S
A Coruña 47.7 13 32.5 9 13.0 3
Lugo 53.3 8 25.0 4 17.3 2
Ourense 50.1 8 25.0 4 12.4 1 8.7 1
Pontevedra 44.0 11 34.4 8 14.8 3
Total 47.4 40 31.3 25 14.1 9 1.0 1
Sources[47]

Aftermath

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Further information: Second government of Alfonso Rueda

Under Article 15 of the Statute, investiture processes to elect the president of the Regional Government of Galicia required of an absolute majority—more than half the votes cast—to be obtained in the first ballot. If unsuccessful, a new ballot would be held 24 hours later requiring only of a simple majority—more affirmative than negative votes—to succeed. If the proposed candidate was not elected, successive proposals were to be transacted under the same procedure.[1]

Investiture
Alfonso Rueda (PP)
Ballot → 11 April 2024
Required majority → 38 out of 75  Y
Yes
  • • PP (40)
40 / 75
No
34 / 75
Abstentions
  • • DO (1)
1 / 75
Absentees
0 / 75
Sources[48]

Notes

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  1. ^ Results for GeC–AM (3.94%, 0 seats) and Equo Galicia (0.07%, 0 seats) in the 2020 election.
  2. ^ Denotes a main invitee attending the event.
  3. ^ Denotes a main invitee not attending the event, sending a surrogate in their place.
  4. ^ In Galicia, the debate was broadcast on La 1 (113,000; 13.5%) and 24 Horas (33,000; 3.9%). Nationwide, the debate was broadcast on 24 Horas (111,000; 0.9%).
  5. ^ a b Within Sumar.

References

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Opinion poll sources
  1. ^ "Última encuesta de Sondaxe: PP 39 diputados, BNG 25 y PSdeG 11". La Voz de Galicia (in Spanish). 18 February 2024.
  2. ^ "El PP mantendría la mayoría absoluta en Galicia y el BNG devora al PSOE, según el sondeo de Sigma Dos para EL MUNDO". La Voz de Galicia (in Spanish). 18 February 2024.
  3. ^ "Sondeo: el PP mantendría la mayoría absoluta en Galicia con un BNG disparado y un PSdeG que caería a su peor resultado". RTVE (in Spanish). 18 February 2024.
  4. ^ "Encuestas internas hunden al PSdeG a los 11 escaños y disparan al 30% la fuga al BNG". The Objective (in Spanish). 15 February 2024.
  5. ^ "El PP, a punto de perder la mayoría absoluta en Galicia". Público (in Spanish). 12 February 2024.
  6. ^ "Encuesta Galicia (EM-Analytics 12feb): el PP al límite de perder la Xunta". Electomanía (in Spanish). 12 February 2024.
  7. ^ "Barómetro de EM-Analytics (12 de febreiro): O BNG, a catro décimas de arrebatarlle un escano ao PP na Coruña e a cinco de quitarlle outro en Pontevedra". Nós Diario (in Galician). 12 February 2024.
  8. ^ "Encuesta ESdiario Galicia: el PP conserva la Xunta al límite con el BNG subiendo". ESdiario (in Spanish). 12 February 2024.
  9. ^ "La última encuesta de Sondaxe: el PP mantendría la mayoría absoluta con 39 escaños en un Parlamento con tres partidos". La Voz de Galicia (in Spanish). 12 February 2024.
  10. ^ "[A] GALICIA. Encuesta Sondaxe 12/02/2024 (tracking 12): PP 45,5% (39), BNG 29,5% (24), PSdeG-PSOE 16,8% (12)". Electográfica (in Spanish). 12 February 2024.
  11. ^ "Barómetro de EM-Analytics (11 de febreiro): o BNG roza o 30% fronte a un PP á baixa". Nós Diario (in Galician). 11 February 2024.
  12. ^ "El PP seguirá gobernando Galicia con una mayoría absoluta raspada y el BNG sube a costa del PSOE". OKDiario (in Spanish). 12 February 2024.
  13. ^ "Recta final para las elecciones gallegas con una ajustada mayoría absoluta para Alfonso Rueda". La Voz de Galicia (in Spanish). 12 February 2024.
  14. ^ "[A] GALICIA. Encuesta Sondaxe 12/02/2024 (tracking 11): PP 45,6% (39), BNG 28,4% (23), PSdeG-PSOE 17,1% (12), SUMAR 3,9% (1)". Electográfica (in Spanish). 12 February 2024.
  15. ^ "El PP mantiene la Xunta y el PSOE se queda en mínimos históricos". La Razón (in Spanish). 12 February 2024.
  16. ^ "Avance do barómetro de EM-Analytics (10 de febreiro): o PP perde un escano e sitúase a décimas de perder dous máis". Nós Diario (in Galician). 10 February 2024.
  17. ^ "El PP mantendría su mayoría absoluta a una semana de las elecciones en Galicia pese a la mejora del BNG". El Debate (in Spanish). 12 February 2024.
  18. ^ "El PP asienta su mayoría absoluta y es la fuerza que más sube en estimación de voto desde el inicio de la campaña". La Voz de Galicia (in Spanish). 11 February 2024.
  19. ^ "[A] GALICIA. Encuesta Sondaxe 11/02/2024 (tracking 10): PP 46,0% (39), BNG 28,5% (23), PSdeG-PSOE 16,8% (13), SUMAR 3,4%, VOX 1,9%, DO 0,5%". Electográfica (in Spanish). 11 February 2024.
  20. ^ "El PP se aferra a una ajustada mayoría absoluta en Galicia con riesgo de perderla en la recta final". El Español (in Spanish). 12 February 2023.
  21. ^ "El PP resiste en Galicia ante un BNG disparado a costa de Sánchez y Díaz". El Mundo (in Spanish). 11 February 2024.
  22. ^ "Avance do barómetro de EM-Analytics (9 de febreiro): a dispersión do voto da esquerda mantén a maioría do PP por unhas décimas". Nós Diario (in Galician). 9 February 2024.
  23. ^ a b c "El PP mantendrá la Xunta ante un BNG que crece y un PSOE que pierde peso". El Progreso de Lugo (in Spanish). 11 February 2024.
  24. ^ "La brecha entre los partidos de izquierda se agranda". La Voz de Galicia (in Spanish). 10 February 2024.
  25. ^ "[A] GALICIA. Encuesta Sondaxe 10/02/2024 (tracking 9): PP 45,8% (39), BNG 29,1% (24), PSdeG-PSOE 16,3% (12), SUMAR 3,5%, VOX 1,8%, DO 0,5%". Electográfica (in Spanish). 10 February 2024.
  26. ^ "Encuesta elecciones gallegas: el PP mantiene el listón de la mayoría absoluta el 18F". Atlántico (in Spanish). 11 February 2024.
  27. ^ "[A] GALICIA. Encuesta Infortécnica 11/02/2024: PP 39/42, BNG 21/23, PSdeG-PSOE 11/12, SUMAR 0/2, DO 0/1". Electográfica (in Spanish). 11 February 2024.
  28. ^ a b "Rueda se mantiene como claro ganador a solo siete días de las elecciones". Diario de Ferrol (in Spanish). 11 February 2024.
  29. ^ "Avance do barómetro de EM-Analytics (8 de febreiro): PP e BNG disputan por décimas a Presidencia da Xunta da Galiza". Nós Diario (in Galician). 8 February 2024.
  30. ^ a b c d "Campaña de las elecciones autonómicas de Galicia 2024 (Estudio nº 3442. Febrero 2024)". CIS (in Spanish). 12 February 2024.
  31. ^ "Estimación de voto (Estudio nº 3442. Campaña de las elecciones autonómicas de Galicia 2024)". CIS (in Spanish). 12 February 2024.
  32. ^ "El PP y el BNG, los que más votos retienen desde las generales". La Voz de Galicia (in Spanish). 9 February 2024.
  33. ^ "[A] GALICIA. Encuesta Sondaxe 09/02/2024 (tracking 8): PP 45,8% (39), BNG 28,6% (23), PSdeG-PSOE 16,7% (13), SUMAR 3,7%, VOX 1,9%, DO 0,7%". Electográfica (in Spanish). 9 February 2024.
  34. ^ "La mayoría del PP en Galicia peligra a una semana de las elecciones". El País (in Spanish). 11 February 2024.
  35. ^ a b c "Informe preelectoral para las elecciones gallegas. Ola 2. Febrero 2024" (PDF). 40dB (in Spanish). 11 February 2024.
  36. ^ a b "Rueda conserva la mayoría absoluta pero el bipartito con Pontón se queda a las puertas". El Periódico de España (in Spanish). 11 February 2024.
  37. ^ "Avance do barómetro de EM-Analytics (7 de febreiro): o PP perde a maioría absoluta e Pontón abeira a Presidencia". Nós Diario (in Galician). 7 February 2024.
  38. ^ "El PSdeG no termina de arrancar llegado el ecuador de la campaña en la encuesta diaria de Sondaxe". La Voz de Galicia (in Spanish). 8 February 2024.
  39. ^ "[A] GALICIA. Encuesta Sondaxe 08/02/2024 (tracking 7): PP 46,2% (40), BNG 28,3% (22), PSdeG-PSOE 16,2% (13), SUMAR 3,6%, VOX 1,9%, DO 0,6%". Electográfica (in Spanish). 8 February 2024.
  40. ^ "El PP apunta a una holgada mayoría absoluta en Galicia". Onda Cero (in Spanish). 8 February 2024.
  41. ^ "[A] GALICIA. Encuesta Celeste-Tel 08/02/2024: PP 48,0% (40), BNG 26,1% (21), PSdeG-PSOE 16,7% (13), SUMAR 3,9%, VOX 2,3%, DO 0,8% (1), PODEMOS-AV 0,3%". Electográfica (in Spanish). 8 February 2024.
  42. ^ "Baile de diputados en la encuesta diaria de Sondaxe por tercer día consecutivo". La Voz de Galicia (in Spanish). 7 February 2024.
  43. ^ "[A] GALICIA. Encuesta Sondaxe 07/02/2024 (tracking 6): PP 46,0% (39), BNG 27,6% (22), PSdeG-PSOE 17,3% (14), SUMAR 3,7%, VOX 1,9%, DO 0,6%". Electográfica (in Spanish). 7 February 2024.
  44. ^ "Barómetro de EM-Analytics (5 de febreiro): O PP volve a 39 escanos pero ten o último en todas as circunscricións". Nós Diario (in Galician). 5 February 2024.
  45. ^ "Encuesta diaria de Sondaxe: Rueda y Besteiro sumarían un diputado más cada uno en un Parlamento con tres partidos". La Voz de Galicia (in Spanish). 6 February 2024.
  46. ^ "[A] GALICIA. Encuesta Sondaxe 06/02/2024 (tracking 5): PP 45,5% (40), BNG 26,9% (20), PSdeG-PSOE 18,0% (15), SUMAR 4,1%, VOX 1,7%, DO 0,6%". Electográfica (in Spanish). 6 February 2024.
  47. ^ "Encuesta diaria de Sondaxe: los partidos intentan movilizar el voto femenino, que se decanta más por PP y Bloque". La Voz de Galicia (in Spanish). 5 February 2024.
  48. ^ "[A] GALICIA. Encuesta Sondaxe 05/02/2024 (tracking 4): PP 44,9% (39), BNG 27,6% (21), PSdeG-PSOE 17,4% (14), SUMAR 4,3%, VOX 1,9%, DO 0,9% (1)". Electográfica (in Spanish). 5 February 2024.
  49. ^ "Encuesta diaria de Sondaxe: pugna abierta por los últimos escaños en dos provincias en los primeros días de campaña". La Voz de Galicia (in Spanish). 4 February 2024.
  50. ^ "[A] GALICIA. Encuesta Sondaxe 04/02/2024 (tracking 3): PP 44,8% (39), BNG 27,0% (20), PSdeG-PSOE 17,4% (14), SUMAR 4,6% (1), VOX 1,8%, DO 0,8% (1)". Electográfica (in Spanish). 4 February 2024.
  51. ^ "Avance do barómetro electoral de EM-Analytics (2 de febreiro): o PP mantería a absoluta, mais suma menos votos que BNG e PSdeG". Nós Diario (in Galician). 1 February 2024.
  52. ^ "Barómetro Mediaset. Elecciones a la Xunta de Galicia". GAD3 (in Spanish). 6 February 2024.
  53. ^ a b c d "Precampaña de las elecciones autonómicas de Galicia 2024 (Estudio nº 3440. Enero-febrero 2024)". CIS (in Spanish). 5 February 2024.
  54. ^ "Estimación de voto (Estudio nº 3440. Precampaña de las elecciones autonómicas de Galicia 2024)". CIS (in Spanish). 5 February 2024.
  55. ^ "Encuesta diaria de Sondaxe: PP y BNG muestran la mayor fidelidad de voto, y el PSdeG solo sostiene la mitad de apoyos". La Voz de Galicia (in Spanish). 3 February 2024.
  56. ^ "El PP conserva la mayoría absoluta en Galicia pese a la ofensiva del Gobierno". La Razón (in Spanish). 2 February 2024.
  57. ^ "El PP consolida su mayoría absoluta en Galicia y el PSOE entra en barrena en plena tramitación de la amnistía". El Mundo (in Spanish). 3 February 2024.
  58. ^ "Un tripartito no lograría sobrepasar al Partido Popular, que mantendría 39 escaños". El Ideal Gallego (in Spanish). 4 February 2024.
  59. ^ "El PP gallego se sostiene en la mayoría absoluta". Atlántico (in Spanish). 4 February 2024.
  60. ^ "[A] GALICIA. Encuesta Infortécnica 04/02/2024: PP 39/42, BNG 19/21, PSdeG-PSOE 13/14, SUMAR 0/1, DO 0/1". Electográfica (in Spanish). 4 February 2024.
  61. ^ "Alfonso Rueda lograría una mayoría absoluta ajustada en un Parlamento con cinco partidos". La Voz de Galicia (in Spanish). 2 February 2024.
  62. ^ "Encuesta electoral 18F. El PP tiene a su alcance repetir la mayoría absoluta en las elecciones gallegas". Atlántico (in Spanish). 28 January 2024.
  63. ^ "El PP mantendría el Gobierno en Galicia, según Celeste-Tel". Onda Cero (in Spanish). 26 January 2024.
  64. ^ "El PP mantendrá la mayoría absoluta en Galicia ante un PSOE que se hunde". ABC (in Spanish). 28 January 2024.
  65. ^ "El PP mantiene la mayoría absoluta, el BNG se estanca y el PSdeG sube ligeramente". El Progreso (in Spanish). 27 January 2024.
  66. ^ a b "El PP mantendría la mayoría absoluta en las elecciones de Galicia y Sumar entraría en el Parlamento con 2 escaños, según Sigma Dos". Antena 3 (in Spanish). 30 January 2024.
  67. ^ a b "Alfonso Rueda mantiene la mayoría absoluta a pesar de un ligero descenso del voto". Diario de Arousa (in Spanish). 28 January 2024.
  68. ^ "Avance do barómetro electoral de EM-Analytics: o PP baixa 0,6 puntos nunha semana e a oposición sobe 1,2". Nós Diario (in Galician). 27 January 2024.
  69. ^ a b c d e "Preelectoral de Galicia. Elecciones autonómicas 2024 (Estudio nº 3437. Enero 2024)". CIS (in Spanish). 25 January 2024.
  70. ^ "Estimación de voto (Estudio nº 3437. Preelectoral de Galicia. Elecciones autonómicas 2024)". CIS (in Spanish). 25 January 2024.
  71. ^ "Encuesta Galicia: el PP pierde tres escaños pero Rueda mantiene la mayoría absoluta en plena crisis de los pellets". VozPópuli (in Spanish). 20 January 2024.
  72. ^ "Avance do primeiro barómetro en 'Nós Diario': o PP baixa, o BNG sobe, o PSdeG resiste e DO entra". Nós Diario (in Galician). 20 January 2024.
  73. ^ "El PP conseguiría su quinta mayoría absoluta en Galicia y Sumar podría entrar en el Parlamento". El Debate (in Spanish). 18 January 2024.
  74. ^ "Rueda encamina al PP hacia su quinta mayoría absoluta en Galicia pese a la campaña de los pellets". El Mundo (in Spanish). 15 January 2024.
  75. ^ "El PP obtendría una holgada mayoría absoluta en Galicia y el PSOE seguiría como tercera fuerza, por detrás del BNG". El País (in Spanish). 8 January 2024.
  76. ^ a b "Informe preelectoral para las elecciones gallegas. Enero 2024" (PDF). El País (in Spanish). 8 January 2024.
  77. ^ "Encuesta de Sondaxe: Rueda podría mantener la mayoría absoluta en sus primeras autonómicas". La Voz de Galicia (in Spanish). 7 January 2024.
  78. ^ "Encuesta elecciones Galicia 2024: el PP empeora sus resultados pero el avance de la izquierda es insuficiente". El Plural (in Spanish). 8 January 2024.
  79. ^ a b "Galicia. Primer sondeo: mayoría absoluta para el PP y ningún escaño ni para Sumar ni para Podemos". El Español (in Spanish). 31 December 2023.
  80. ^ "Rueda mantiene la mayoría absoluta frente a un tripartito liderado por el BNG". La Voz de Galicia (in Spanish). 29 October 2023.
  81. ^ "[A] GALICIA. Encuesta Sondaxe 29/10/2023: PP 46,1% (40), BNG 25,3% (19), PSdeG-PSOE 19,4% (15), SUMAR 5,1% (1)". Electográfica (in Spanish). 29 October 2023.
  82. ^ "ElectoPanel Galicia (30Ag): el BNG sube y amenaza al PP". Electomanía (in Spanish). 30 August 2023.
  83. ^ "Alfonso Rueda afianza la mayoría absoluta del PP en la Xunta al llegar la recta final del mandato". La Voz de Galicia (in Spanish). 24 June 2023.
  84. ^ "[AUT] GALICIA. Encuesta Sondaxe 24/06/2023: BNG 26,8% (21), PODEMOS-EU-ANOVA 3,7%, PSdeG-PSOE 16,7% (13), PP 46,6% (41), VOX 2,5%". Electográfica (in Spanish). 24 June 2023.
  85. ^ "Rueda mantiene la mayoría del PP en Galicia mientras el BNG crece y el PSOE se estanca". La Voz de Galicia (in Spanish). 23 October 2022.
  86. ^ "GALICIA. Encuesta Sondaxe 23/10/2022: BNG 25,9% (20), GeC-ANOVA MAREAS 5,6% (2), PSdeG-PSOE 15,7% (13), Cs ~1,0%, PP 45,7% (40), VOX 2,7%". Electográfica (in Spanish). 23 October 2022.
  87. ^ "GalaicoPanel (15Ag): el BNG podría arrebatar al PP la Xunta". Electomanía (in Spanish). 15 August 2022.
  88. ^ "El PP retiene la mayoría tras la marcha de Feijoo a Madrid". La Voz de Galicia (in Spanish). 28 May 2022.
  89. ^ "GALICIA. Encuesta Sondaxe 28/05/2022: BNG 24,8% (19), GeC-ANOVA MAREAS 5,4% (2), PSdeG-PSOE 18,3% (15), PP 45,2% (39)". Electograph (in Spanish). 3 March 2022.
  90. ^ "EP Galicia (31M): Vox entraría en el Parlamento y tendría la llave de la Xunta". Electomanía (in Spanish). 31 March 2022.
  91. ^ "Rueda, Quintana y Comesaña son los conselleiros más conocidos y mejor valorados del gobierno de Feijoo". La Voz de Galicia (in Spanish). 3 March 2022.
  92. ^ "GALICIA. Encuesta Sondaxe 03/03/2022: BNG 24,5% (20), GeC-ANOVA MAREAS 5,6% (2), PSdeG-PSOE 17,7% (14), PP 44,6% (39)". Electograph (in Spanish). 3 March 2022.
  93. ^ "Feijoo mantiene un apoyo mayoritario tras la gestión del covid en Galicia". La Voz de Galicia (in Spanish). 23 October 2021.
  94. ^ "GALICIA. Encuesta Sondaxe 23/10/2021: BNG 25,9% (20), GeC-ANOVA MAREAS 6,0% (2), PSdeG-PSOE 17,0% (14), PP 45,5% (39)". Electograph (in Spanish). 23 October 2021.
  95. ^ "El PP mantiene su mayoría en Galicia frente a un BNG asentado como la segunda fuerza". La Voz de Galicia (in Spanish). 27 June 2021.
  96. ^ "GALICIA. Encuesta Sondaxe 27/06/2021: BNG 24,4% (18), GeC-ANOVA MAREAS 6,1% (3), PSdeG-PSOE 18,0% (14), PP 45,8% (40)". Electograph (in Spanish). 27 June 2021.
  97. ^ "Encuesta de Sondaxe: La pandemia desgasta al PP en Galicia, mientras el BNG sigue subiendo". La Voz de Galicia (in Spanish). 6 February 2021.
  98. ^ "GALICIA. Encuesta Sondaxe 06/02/2021: BNG 25,6% (21), GeC-ANOVA MAREAS 5,1% (1), PSdeG-PSOE 16,2% (14), PP 46,2% (39)". Electograph (in Spanish). 6 February 2021.
  99. ^ "EP Autonómico (31D): Feijoo inicia el año Xacobeo cediendo terreno ante el BNG, que sigue al alza". Electomanía (in Spanish). 31 December 2020.
  100. ^ "La ola del BNG sigue creciendo y coge fuerza frente a un PSdeG en declive". La Voz de Galicia (in Spanish). 11 October 2020.
  101. ^ "GALICIA. Encuesta Sondaxe 11/10/2020: BNG 27,0% (22), PSdeG-PSOE 17,1% (13), PP 46,9% (40)". Electograph (in Spanish). 11 October 2020.
  102. ^ "ElectoPanel (19ene): más del 60% está seguro de que el PP mantendrá la Xunta". Electomanía (in Spanish). 19 January 2024.
  103. ^ "Elecciones en Galicia: el Partido Popular mantiene la mayoría absoluta, según la encuesta de GAD3 para Mediaset". Cuatro (in Spanish). 6 February 2024.
  104. ^ "Alfonso Rueda, único que aprueba, conocido por todos y favorito para gobernar en Galicia". ABC (in Spanish). 28 January 2024.
Other
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  2. ^ Reig Pellicer, Naiara (16 December 2015). "Spanish elections: Begging for the right to vote". cafebabel.co.uk. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  3. ^ Araque Conde, Pilar (8 June 2022). "El Congreso acaba con el voto rogado: diez años de trabas burocráticas para los residentes en el extranjero". Público (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 31 July 2022.
  4. ^ a b c d Ley 8/1985, de 13 de agosto, de elecciones al Parlamento de Galicia (Law 2) (in Spanish). 13 August 1985. Retrieved 8 August 2017.
  5. ^ a b c d e f "Decreto 150/2023, de 25 de diciembre, de disolución del Parlamento de Galicia y de convocatoria de elecciones" (PDF). Diario Oficial de Galicia (in Spanish) (243): 70390–70391. 26 December 2023. ISSN 1130-9229.
  6. ^ Gallagher, Michael (30 July 2012). "Effective threshold in electoral systems". Trinity College, Dublin. Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
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  8. ^ Santamaría, Rubén (24 December 2022). "¿Habrá también elecciones autonómicas en Galicia en el 2023?". La Voz de Galicia (in Spanish). Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  9. ^ "¿Habrá también elecciones autonómicas en Galicia en el 2023?" (in Spanish). Santiago de Compostela: EFE. 29 May 2023. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  10. ^ Bascoy, Irene (8 June 2023). "El PPdeG se plantea adelantar los comicios a otoño si Feijóo obtiene un gran resultado". Faro de Vigo (in Spanish). Vigo. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  11. ^ Pérez, Paula (26 July 2023). "El 23-J enreda el calendario electoral en Galicia". Faro de Vigo (in Spanish). Santiago de Compostela. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  12. ^ "Rueda descarta el adelanto electoral que barajó antes de las generales". Econmía Digital (in Spanish). 5 August 2023. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  13. ^ Vizoso, Sonia (20 November 2023). "Galicia se prepara para unas elecciones reñidas tras el fracaso de Feijóo en Madrid". El País (in Spanish). A Coruña. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  14. ^ "Rueda, sobre una coincidencia de elecciones gallegas y vascas: "Galicia tiene su propio camino"" (in Spanish). A Coruña: Europa Press. 27 November 2023. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  15. ^ "Andoni Ortuzar: "Hay unas elecciones gallegas por ahí que parece que van a ir a toda pastilla"". elDiario.es (in Spanish). 29 November 2023. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  16. ^ "El PNV cree que la Xunta no quiere que coincidan las elecciones de Galicia y el País Vasco "porque las quieren galleguizar"". La Voz de Galicia (in Spanish). 29 November 2023. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  17. ^ "Rueda dice que "sin ninguna duda" galleguizará las elecciones "si eso es pensar el interés de Galicia"" (in Spanish). Santiago de Compostela: Europa Press. 30 November 2023. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  18. ^ Muñoz, Beatriz (30 November 2023). "Rueda admite que el PP gallego ha empezado a contratar actos de campaña mientras esconde la fecha electoral". elDiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  19. ^ Varela, Manuel (7 November 2023). "El inicio de la tramitación de los Orzamentos marca la cuenta atrás para las elecciones gallegas". La Voz de Galicia (in Spanish). Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  20. ^ Juliana, Enric; Martiarena, Asier (29 November 2023). "El PSOE tantea a Sumar en Galicia y Díaz asegura que irán en solitario". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  21. ^ Salgado, Daniel; Muñoz, Beatriz (21 December 2023). "Alfonso Rueda convoca para el 18 de febrero las primeras elecciones en Galicia sin Feijóo en 14 años". elDiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 21 December 2023.
  22. ^ "Rueda llama a Urkullu para comunicarle la fecha de las elecciones gallegas" (in Spanish). Bilbao: Europa Press. 21 December 2023. Retrieved 21 December 2023.
  23. ^ "Urkullu dice que "Euskadi no es Galicia" tras la convocatoria de las gallegas el 18 de febrero" (in Spanish). Vitoria: Europa Press. 21 December 2023. Retrieved 21 December 2023.
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  26. ^ Capelo, Lara (22 May 2022). "Rueda toma las riendas del PP gallego bajo la sombra de Feijóo". Cadena Ser (in Spanish). Retrieved 23 May 2022.
  27. ^ "El anuncio de Ana Pontón de que planea dejar el liderazgo del BNG deja en shock al nacionalismo gallego". Público (in Spanish). 26 August 2021. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  28. ^ Oliver, Juan (3 December 2023). "El BNG proclama candidata a Ana Pontón con la convicción de que puede convertirla en la primera mujer presidenta de la Xunta". Público (in Spanish). A Coruña. Retrieved 14 February 2024.
  29. ^ "Besteiro será el candidato del PSdeG a la Presidencia de la Xunta sin necesidad de primarias". elDiario.es (in Spanish). 18 October 2023. Retrieved 21 October 2023.
  30. ^ a b Cortizo, Gonzalo; Ortiz, Alberto; Rioja Andueza, Iker (30 November 2023). "Sumar y Podemos tantean un acuerdo electoral en Galicia y Euskadi en medio de su escalada de tensión". elDiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  31. ^ "Sumar designa a Marta Lois como candidata para las elecciones gallegas". elDiario.es (in Spanish). 26 December 2023. Retrieved 27 December 2023.
  32. ^ "Podemos presentará su propia candidatura a las elecciones gallegas con Isabel Faraldo" (in Spanish). Vigo: EFE. 30 December 2023. Retrieved 30 December 2023.
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  34. ^ "Álvaro Díaz-Mella será el candidato de Vox en las elecciones gallegas". La Voz de Galicia (in Spanish). 10 January 2024. Retrieved 10 January 2024.
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  37. ^ "'A Galicia que funciona' será el lema de Rueda en la campaña para los comicios del 18 de febrero" (in Spanish). Europa Press. 26 January 2024. Retrieved 3 February 2024.
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  40. ^ Castro, Lucía (3 February 2024). "Vox opta por el bilingüismo para su lema de campaña y su programa electoral en Galicia". El Debate (in Spanish). Retrieved 3 February 2024.
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  42. ^ Pardo, Luís (22 January 2024). "La TVG propone un único debate con PP, BNG, PSOE, Sumar y Podemos pero deja fuera a Vox y Jácome". elDiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 22 January 2024.
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  47. ^ a b "ACORDO do 4 de marzo de 2024 polo que se fan públicos os resultados xerais e por circunscricións e a relación de deputadas e deputados proclamados electos nas eleccións ao Parlamento de Galicia do día 18 de febreiro de 2024" (PDF). Diario Oficial de Galicia (in Galician) (47). Xunta de Galicia: 17322–17329. 6 March 2024. ISSN 1130-9229.
  48. ^ Jiménez, José Luis (11 April 2024). "Alfonso Rueda, reelegido presidente de Galicia: «Quiero hacer este camino con firmeza y humildad»". ABC (in Spanish). Santiago. Retrieved 14 April 2024.
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