Wikipedia

Almudena Cathedral

The Cathedral of Saint Mary the Royal of the Almudena, commonly known as the Almudena Cathedral, is a Catholic cathedral in Madrid, Spain. It is the seat of the Archdiocese of Madrid. Its construction began in 1883 and finished over a century later, when it was consecrated by Pope John Paul II in 1993.[1]

Almudena Cathedral
Cathedral of Saint Mary the Royal of the Almudena
View from the northwest
Map
40°24′56″N 3°42′52″W / 40.415586°N 3.714558°W / 40.415586; -3.714558
LocationMadrid
CountrySpain
DenominationCatholic
Websitecatedraldelaalmudena.es
History
DedicationVirgin of Almudena
Consecrated15 June 1993
Architecture
Functional statusCathedral
StyleNeoclassical, Neo-Gothic, Neo-Romanesque
Years built1883 – 1993
Specifications
Length102 m (335 ft)
Nave width12.5 m (41 ft)
Number of towers2
Tower height72 m (236 ft)
Administration
ArchdioceseArchdiocese of Madrid
Clergy
Bishop(s)José Cobo Cano
DeanJorge Ávila

It is located opposite the Royal Palace and much of its final appearance was defined considering this regal surrounding.[2]

History

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When the capital of Spain was transferred from Toledo to Madrid in 1561, the seat of the Church in Spain remained in Toledo and the new capital had no cathedral. Plans for a cathedral in Madrid dedicated to the Virgin of Almudena were discussed as early as the 16th century but even though Spain built more than 40 cities overseas during that century, plenty of cathedrals and fortresses, the cost of expanding and keeping the Empire came first and the construction of Madrid's cathedral was postponed.

The building was designed by Francisco de Cubas. The original plan had been to create a parochial church. The foundation stone was laid in 1883, but when Pope Leo XIII granted a bull in 1885 for the creation of the Madrid-Alcalá bishopric, the plans for the church were changed to that of a Gothic revival cathedral.[2]

The cathedral seems to have been built on the site of a medieval mosque that was destroyed in 1083 when Alfonso VI reconquered Madrid.[3] In 1946 Ramón González Barrón was appointed choirmaster at the cathedral.[4]

Construction was interrupted by the Spanish Civil War, and the site lay abandoned until 1950,[2] when Fernando Chueca Goitia [es] adapted the plans of de Cubas to a baroque exterior to match the grey and white façade of the Palacio Real that stands directly opposite.[2]

 
Consecration of the Cathedral in 1993 by Pope John Paul II.

The cathedral was completed in 1993, when it was consecrated by Pope John Paul II.[5] Its patron saints are Santa María la Real de la Almudena and Saint Isidro Labrador.[6]

On 22 May 2004, the marriage of King Felipe VI, then crown prince, to Letizia Ortiz Rocasolano took place at the cathedral.[7]

The Neo-Gothic interior is uniquely modern, with chapels and statues of contemporary artists, in heterogeneous styles, from historical revivals to "pop-art" decor. The Blessed Sacrament Chapel features mosaics by Fr. Marko Ivan Rupnik. The icons in the apse were painted by Kiko Argüello, artist and founder of the Neocatechumenal Way.

The Neo-Romanesque crypt houses a 16th-century image of the Virgen de la Almudena. Nearby along the Calle Mayor, excavations have unearthed remains of Moorish and medieval city walls.

Notable burials

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People buried at Almudena Cathedral include:

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  •  
    Cathedral as seen from Royal Palace of Madrid
  •  
    Nave looking toward the sanctuary
  •  
    Interior of the square cupola
  •  
    Nave Vault
  •  
    The organ
  •  
    Rear view of the main altar
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    Bell towers with Royal Palace in the background
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    The crypt
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    Tomb of Queen María de las Mercedes of Orleans
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    Altar to the Virgin of Almudena
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    Sarcophagi of Saint Isidore the Laborer

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Historia". Archdiocese of Madrid. 28 January 2020. Retrieved 2023-11-11.
  2. ^ a b c d "La Almudena Cathedral". Turismo Madrid. Retrieved 21 April 2022.
  3. ^ "El Madrid islámico". Ite.educacion.es. Retrieved 2013-10-14.
  4. ^ José López-Calo (2001). "González Barrón, Ramón". González Barrón, Ramón. Grove Music Online. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.11451.
  5. ^ Linnee, Susan (15 June 1993). "Pope warns revelers to 'purify' fervor". The Desert News. p. A8. Retrieved 21 April 2022.
  6. ^ [https://museo.catedraldelaalmudena.es/english/ Messeu of the Almundena Cathedral[
  7. ^ "Los reyes del siglo XXI". El País (in Spanish). 23 May 2004. Retrieved 21 April 2022.
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