G. E. M. Membership Department Stores was a chain of discount stores, in the US and Canada. Their first location opened in Denver in 1956. GEM offered something different: membership. The qualifications included government-, religious- and school employees, members of the armed forces, and employees of companies that did “substantial work” under government contract. GEM pioneered the way for later “membership” stores, like Sam’s Club and Costco.
| Company type | subsidiary |
|---|---|
| Industry | Retail |
| Founded | 1956 in Denver, Colorado |
| Defunct | 1979 |
| Fate | Closure due to Chapter 10 Bankruptcy of parent |
| Headquarters | Kansas City |
| Products | clothing, footwear, housewares, sporting goods, hardware, toys, electronics, appliances, cameras, drugs, and auto repair |
| Parent | Parkview-GEM (1966-1977) |
Several departments were operated by outside firms on a lease basis. The prices were low, the selection vast, and the no-frills stores themselves were huge in size in their day, that included supermarkets and more within the 50-plus departments and had gasoline pumps outside.
History
editCanadian pharmacist Murray Koffler was an investor in the G.E.M. chain, bringing the first G.E.M. store to Toronto in 1959. He eventually subleased the G.E.M. drug department in several Toronto area stores. Following the G.E.M. discount model, Koffler later opened one of the first "big box" store chains, Shoppers Drug Mart.[1] [failed verification]
The first G.E.M. (Government Employees Mutual) store was opened in June 1956 in Denver by Ronald D. Evans, the former general manager of the G.E.T. (Government Employees Together) store in San Francisco.[2]
The second GEM store was opened in Kansas City in July 1957[3] followed by the third GEM store that was opened in Honolulu a few days later.[4] The fourth store followed a year later in August 1958 in St. Louis.[5]
On November 7, 1964, GEM opened its first store in the UK. This branch in West Bridgford, Nottingham, the first out-of-town superstore in the UK,[6] was soon taken over by Asda.
By the mid-1960s, there were reportedly more than a million GEM members throughout the U.S. and Canada. GEM announced plans in December 1965 to merge with Parkview Drugs, a Kansas City-based chain, creating a new parent company called Parkview-GEM.[7][8] The merger was finalize five months later.[9]
A 1971 Democrat and Chronicle story reported that a lone gunman robbed more than $6,000 from the cashier’s office at a Rochester, New York, GEM. Asked how he got into the store and past the buzzer-entrance, a store official said he "may have used a stolen or lost card to enter.[10]
The end for GEM came soon after. Officials announced plans in early 1973 that it would close all stores. By then, GEM had opened membership to anyone for the past two years.[10]
Decline and bankruptcy
editParkview-GEM closed two money-losing stores in Indianapolis in October 1972.[11] Two months later. Parkview-GEM announced closings of stores in Hartford, Cincinnati, Omaha north, and Saugus in December 1972.[12] By May 1973, the company had closed 22 stores and sold off its 12 retail drug stores just since the previous November.[13]
After closing a number of stores, Parkview-GEM filed for Chapter 10 Bankruptcy protection in December 1973 due to its inability to paying its debts when they mature, creating a negative net worth of several million dollars.[14] While acting under a court appointed trustee, the company began to slowly liquidate its assets. By August 1979, the company was reduced to three profitable stores in Hawaii. Parkview-GEM ceased to exist shortly after the sale of the remaining three stores.[15] The sale of the three Hawaiian stores to Seiyu Stores of Japan was finalized in December 1979.[16] Seiyu closed its GEM of Hawaii stores in 1993.[17]
References
edit- ^ Woodward, A. "Company History: Shoppers Drug Mart Corporation". International Directory of Company Histories. The Gale Group, Inc. Retrieved 2008-03-29.
- ^ "New Discount Setup For Government Help Is Opened in Denver". Women's Wear Daily. Vol. 92, no. 114. June 12, 1956. p. 16. ProQuest 1565279631.
G.E.M., Government Employees Mutual, Denver's first large discount house, carrying both hard and soft lines opened here at 5200 Smith Road. Shopping at the new firm will be restricted to city, county, State and Federal employees and military personnel.
- ^ "Private Store Basis Facility At 8485 Prospect Limits Clientele". Kansas City Star. July 21, 1957. p. 66 – via newspapers.com.
A discount house described as an "exclusive" operation for governmental employees at a variety of levels is to go into operation Friday in 50,000 square feet at 8485 Prospect avenue. Called the Government Employees Mart, the enterprise is set up on an extensive departmental basis offering goods ranging from toothbrushes to motor cars. The general public will not be admitted, spokesmen for the mart say. Eligible only will be all employees and retired employees of the city, county, state and federal governments; military personnel, including active reservists, and those on retirement, and sons employed by companies working under specific prior contracts with the United States government. G.E.M. was begun a year ago in Denver, and since has added an installation at Honolulu, Hawaii.
- ^ "Discount House Caters to Workers In Government Jobs". Honolulu Star-Advertiser. July 20, 1957. p. 22 – via newspapers.com.
G.E.M. (Government Employees Mutual), a Mainland-based discount house, has opened its new Hawaii store at 1199 Dillingham Boulevard yesterday. G.E.M. is a full-scale department store... The Hawaii store, built at a cost of $525,000, is the third in the G.E.M. chain, according to Evans. Stores are already established in Kansas City and Denver.
- ^ "85,000 Sq. Ft. GEM Bows in St. Louis; Ad Battle Starts". Women's Wear Daily. Vol. 97, no. 33. August 15, 1958. p. 24. ProQuest 1565378040.
- ^ Kelly, Jon (September 2, 2013). "How first out-of-town superstore changed the UK". BBC News.
- ^ "Parkview, GEM Plan To Combine". The Washington Post. December 22, 1965. p. B6. ProQuest 142455839.
- ^ "Parkview-GEM Link Approved". Women's Wear Daily. Vol. 112, no. 73. April 13, 1966. p. 45. ProQuest 1564988510.
- ^ "Parkview and GEM Merged". Wall Street Journal. June 3, 1966. p. 5. ProQuest 133138360.
- ^ a b Morrell, Alan (September 23, 2017). "Whatever Happened to ... GEM department stores?". Democrat and Chronicle. Retrieved 2023-09-05.
- ^ "Parkview-Gem Shutting 2 Units In Indianapolis". Women's Wear Daily. Vol. 125, no. 72. October 16, 1972. p. 49. ProQuest 1523643408.
- ^ "Parkview-GEM Reports More Store Closings". Kansas City Times. December 27, 1972. p. 42.
- ^ "Discount Stores Hit Economic Cross". The Commercial Appeal. May 20, 1973. p. 40 – via newspapers.com.
- ^ "Bankruptcy Act Petition Is Filed by Parkview-Gem". New York Times. December 20, 1973. p. 67. ProQuest 119741895.
- ^ "Parkview-GEM: Long Life Ends In Bankruptcy". Kansas City Times. August 4, 1979. p. 75 – via newspapers.com.
- ^ "Japan firm takes over GEM". Honolulu Star-Advertiser. December 21, 1979. p. 76 – via newspapers.com.
- ^ Daysog, Rick (July 17, 1979). "Woolworth closing all isle stores". Honolulu Star-Bulletin.