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Herod of Chalcis (died 48 CE), also known as Herod Pollio King of Chalcis,[1] Herod V, and listed by the Jewish Encyclopedia as Herod II,[2] was a son of Aristobulus IV, and the grandson of Herod the Great, Roman client king of Judaea. He was the brother of Herod Agrippa I and Herodias and ruled as the king of Chalcis in 41–48 CE.
| Herod V | |
|---|---|
| ruler of Chalcis in Iturea | |
Coin of Herod of Chalcis, showing him with his brother Agrippa of Judaea crowning Roman Emperor Claudius. | |
| Reign | 41–48 CE |
| Successor | Herod Agrippa II |
| Died | 48 CE |
| Spouse | Mariamne Berenice (daughter of Herod Agrippa) |
| Issue | Aristobulus of Chalcis Berenicianus Hyrcanus |
| Dynasty | Herodian dynasty |
| Father | Aristobulus IV |
| Mother | Berenice (daughter of Salome) |
Life
editHis first wife was his cousin, Mariamne.[3] They had a son named Aristobulus, who also eventually became ruler of Chalcis.
After Mariamne's death, he married his niece Berenice, with whom he had two sons, Berenicianus and Hyrcanus.[2]
Around 41 CE, at the request of his brother, Herod Agrippa, emperor Claudius granted him the rule of Chalcis, a territory north of Judaea, with the title of king.[4] Three years later, after the death of his brother, he was also given responsibility for the Second Temple in Jerusalem, as well as the appointment of the Temple's High Priest. During the four years in which he exercised this right he appointed two high priests—Joseph, son of Camydus (44-46), and Ananias, son of Nedebeus (ca. 47-52).[2]
He died in 48 CE. After his death the kingdom of Chalcis was given to Herod Agrippa II, but only as a tetrarchy.[5]
Family tree
editSee also
editReferences
edit- ^ Wagner, Sir Anthony (1972). Pedigree and Progress: Essays in the genealogical interpretation of history. Phillimore & Co. Ltd. p. 174.
- ^ a b c
Joseph Jacobs; Isaac Broydé (1901–1906). "HEROD II.". In Singer, Isidore; et al. (eds.). The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
- ^ Daughter of Joseph ben Joseph (nephew of Herod) and Herod's daughter Olympias, who was the sister of Herod Archelaus and Herod Antipas. See Antiquites XVIII 5:4.
- ^ Frederic William Madden (January 1, 1864). History of Jewish Coinage, and of Money in the Old and New Testament. B. Quaritch. p. 113.
- ^ Orr, James, ed. (2018) [1939]. The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia. Delmarva. p. 6669. Retrieved 2016-09-16.
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