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Grigory Lukyanovich Skuratov-Belskiy (Russian: Григорий Лукьянович Скуратов-Бельский),[1] better known as Malyuta Skuratov (Малюта Скуратов) (? – January 1, 1573) was one of the most odious leaders of the Oprichnina during the reign of Ivan the Terrible.
Biography
editMalyuta Skuratov rose to prominence in 1569 for his role in the trial and execution of Prince Vladimir of Staritsa, Ivan IV's only cousin and a possible claimant to the throne of the Tsardom of Russia.[2]
In December 1569, by order of Ivan the Terrible, Malyuta Skuratov strangled a former Metropolitan of Moscow, Philip II (in office: 1566–1568) for his criticism of the Oprichnina.[3]
In January 1571 Skuratov led a punitive expedition against Novgorod, killing thousands of its citizens on suspicion of treason. In 1571 Skuratov was put in charge of the investigation into the causes of the Russian army's defeat by the army of the Crimean Khan Devlet I Giray.[4]
Malyuta Skuratov was killed during the siege of Weissenstein (present-day Paide in Estonia) in the Livonian War in 1573. He lies buried near the grave of his father Lukian Afanasyevich Belskiy (Russian: Лукьян Афанасьевич Бельский) in the Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery.[5]
One of Skuratov's daughters, Maria Grigorievna, married the boyar Boris Godunov[5] in 1570 and thus became Tsaritsa as the consort of Godunov in 1598. His other daughter, Yekaterina Grigorievna Shuiskaya, who poisoned Mikhail Skopin-Shuisky in 1610,[citation needed] married Prince Dmitry Ivanovich Skopin-Shuisky in 1572.
Media
editMovies
edit- Ivan the Terrible (1944/1958; portrayed by Mikhail Zharov)
- Tsar Ivan the Terrible (1991), portrayed by Andrey Martynov
- Tsar, a 2009 Russian drama film directed by Pavel Lungin.
Literature
edit- The Master and Margarita by Mikhail Bulgakov: in the chapter entitled "Satan's Great Ball", Bulgakov makes a passing but arguably important reference to the figure of Skuratov.
References
edit- ^ "Григорий Яковлевич Плещеев-Бельский – по сведениям В. О. Ключевского". Archived from the original on 2012-02-23. Retrieved 2016-06-04.
- ^ Генрих Штаден. О Москве Ивана Грозного. М. и С. Сабашниковы. 1925
- ^ Florinsky, Michael, T. (1966). "8". Russia: A History and an Interpretation. Vol. 1 (11 ed.). New York: The Macmillan Company. p. 184.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Заплечных дел мастер Archived 2012-06-12 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b "Электронная библиотека. Иван Грозный". Archived from the original on 2018-04-07. Retrieved 2016-06-04.
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