Marlborough (New Zealand electorate)

Marlborough is a former New Zealand parliamentary electorate, in the Marlborough region at the top of the South Island. It existed from 1938 to 1996, and was represented by five Members of Parliament.

Population centres

The 1931 New Zealand census had been cancelled due to the Great Depression, so the 1937 electoral redistribution had to take ten years of population growth into account. The increasing population imbalance between the North and South Islands had slowed, and only one electorate seat was transferred from south to north. Five electorates were abolished, one former electorate (Onehunga) was re-established, and four electorates were created for the first time, including Marlborough.^[1] The Marlborough electorate replaced the Wairau electorate, which had more or less the same shape as Wairau had had since the 1927 electoral redistribution.^[2] For the purposes of the country quota, the 1936 census had determined that some 27% of the population lived in urban areas, and the balance in rural areas.^[3]

Settlements that were covered by the original electorate included Havelock, Picton, Blenheim, and Kaikōura.^[4] The area is noted for growing grapes for white wine.

History

The electorate was created in 1938, replacing the Wairau electorate. Ted Meachen of the Labour Party, who had previously represented Wairau, was the first representative.^[5] In the 1946 election, Meachen was defeated by National's Tom Shand.^[6]

In 1996 with the advent of mixed-member proportional (MMP) representation the electorate was included into the Kaikōura electorate. The then MP Doug Kidd was the first MP for Kaikōura.

Members of Parliament

Key

Labour National

Election	Winner
1938 election		Ted Meachen
1943 election		Ted Meachen
1946 election		Tom Shand
1949 election
1951 election
1954 election
1957 election
1960 election
1963 election
1966 election
1969 election
1970 by-election		Ian Brooks
1972 election		Ian Brooks
1975 election		Ed Latter
1978 election		Doug Kidd
1981 election
1984 election
1987 election
1990 election
1993 election
(Electorate abolished in 1996; see Kaikōura)

Election results

1993 election

1993 general election: Marlborough^[7]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	National	Doug Kidd	8,935	41.04	−22.34
	Labour	Stephen Howard	6,387	29.33
	Alliance	Reg Murphy	3,891	17.87
	NZ First	Tom Harrison	1,930	8.86
	Christian Heritage	David Pigou	485	2.22
	Independent	Desmond Bell	91	0.41	−0.35
	Natural Law	Kevin Smith	50	0.22
Majority			2,548	11.70	−23.76
Turnout			21,769	83.77	+1.03
Registered electors			25,984

1990 election

1990 general election: Marlborough^[8]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	National	Doug Kidd	12,844	63.38	+9.67
	Labour	Barbara Hutchinson	5,657	27.91	−14.27
	NewLabour	Karen Donaldson	901	4.44
	Social Credit	George Kerr	425	2.09
	NZ Party	Michael Heywood	180	0.88
	Independent	Desmond Bell	155	0.76	+0.27
	Democrats	Hugh Emslie	102	0.50
Majority			7,187	35.46	+23.93
Turnout			20,264	82.74	−8.08
Registered electors			24,489

1987 election

1987 general election: Marlborough^[9]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	National	Doug Kidd	11,189	53.71	+11.01
	Labour	Barbara Hutchinson	8,787	42.18
	Democrats	Ross MacArthur	650	3.12
	Independent	Desmond Bell	109	0.52	+0.33
	Independent	Stephen Yealands	97	0.46	+0.07
Majority			2,402	11.53	+8.78
Turnout			20,832	90.82	−3.20
Registered electors			22,937

1984 election

1984 general election: Marlborough^[9]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	National	Doug Kidd	9,472	42.70	−0.61
	Labour	George MacDonald	8,860	39.94
	NZ Party	Peter Calcott	2,656	11.97
	Social Credit	Heather Smith	1,062	4.78
	Independent	Stephen Yealands	87	0.39
	Independent	Desmond Bell	43	0.19	−0.12
Majority			612	2.75	−5.15
Turnout			22,180	94.02	+1.88
Registered electors			23,590

1981 election

1981 general election: Marlborough^[9]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	National	Doug Kidd	8,998	43.31	−0.37
	Labour	Graeme Macann	7,355	35.40
	Social Credit	Ron Cullum	4,353	20.95
	Independent	Desmond Bell	66	0.31	−0.02
Majority			1,643	7.90	+6.27
Turnout			20,772	92.14	+12.98
Registered electors			22,543

1978 election

1978 general election: Marlborough^[9]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	National	Doug Kidd	8,614	43.68
	Labour	Ian Brooks	8,291	42.05	+4.26
	Social Credit	George Kerr	2,365	11.99	+7.01
	Values	Ailsa Litchfield	381	1.93
	Independent	Desmond Bell	66	0.33
Majority			323	1.63
Turnout			19,717	79.16	−9.77
Registered electors			24,905

1975 election

1975 general election: Marlborough^[9]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	National	Ed Latter	10,047	53.96
	Labour	Ian Brooks	7,037	37.79	−13.66
	Social Credit	George Kerr	928	4.98	+0.35
	Values	Richard Belton	607	3.26
Majority			3,010	16.16
Turnout			18,619	88.93	−3.04
Registered electors			20,936

1972 election

1972 general election: Marlborough^[9]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Ian Brooks	8,469	51.45	+3.52
	National	Bruno Dalliessi	7,179	43.61
	Social Credit	George Kerr	763	4.63	−3.32
	New Democratic	Thomas William MacDonald	49	0.29
Majority			1,290	7.83	+0.75
Turnout			16,460	91.97	+13.66
Registered electors			17,896

1970 by-election

1970 Marlborough by-election^[9]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Ian Brooks	7,060	47.93	+9.29
	National	Andy Shand	6,017	40.85
	Social Credit	George Kerr	1,171	7.95	−0.29
	Country Party	Clifford Stanley Emeny	482	3.27
Majority			1,043	7.08
Turnout			14,730	78.31	−13.33
Registered electors			18,809

1969 election

1969 general election: Marlborough^[10]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	National	Tom Shand	9,039	53.10	+6.98
	Labour	Ian Brooks	6,579	38.64
	Social Credit	George Kerr	1,404	8.24	−4.18
Majority			2,460	14.45	+9.78
Turnout			17,022	91.64	+1.88
Registered electors			18,573

1966 election

1966 general election: Marlborough^[10]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	National	Tom Shand	7,216	46.12	−4.13
	Labour	Gerry Wall	6,484	41.44
	Social Credit	George Kerr	1,943	12.42	−0.91
Majority			732	4.67	−9.17
Turnout			15,643	89.76	−1.45
Registered electors			17,427

1963 election

1963 general election: Marlborough^[10]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	National	Tom Shand	7,663	50.25	+0.03
	Labour	Bill Kenyon	5,552	36.41
	Social Credit	George Kerr	2,033	13.33	+1.97
Majority			2,111	13.84	+2.83
Turnout			15,248	91.21
Registered electors			16,716

1960 election

1960 general election: Marlborough^[10]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	National	Tom Shand	7,424	50.22	−1.80
	Labour	Robert William Hope	5,677	38.40
	Social Credit	George Kerr	1,680	11.36	+3.34
Majority			1,747	11.81	−0.27
Turnout			14,781	92.56	−2.11
Registered electors			15,969

1957 election

1957 general election: Marlborough^[10]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	National	Tom Shand	7,672	52.02	+3.69
	Labour	Roy Evans	5,890	39.94
	Social Credit	George Kerr	1,184	8.02	−6.47
Majority			1,782	12.08	+0.92
Turnout			14,746	94.67	+1.58
Registered electors			15,575

1954 election

1954 general election: Marlborough^[10]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	National	Tom Shand	7,080	48.33	−10.49
	Labour	George Allan Turner	5,445	37.16
	Social Credit	George Kerr	2,124	14.49
Majority			1,635	11.16	−6.48
Turnout			14,649	93.09	+0.42
Registered electors			15,735

1951 election

1951 general election: Marlborough^[10]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	National	Tom Shand	8,175	58.82	+2.11
	Labour	Ted Meachen	5,723	41.18
Majority			2,452	17.64	+4.21
Turnout			13,898	92.67	−2.45
Registered electors			14,996

1949 election

1949 general election: Marlborough^[10]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	National	Tom Shand	7,861	56.71	+6.06
	Labour	James Harrison Wilson	5,999	43.29
Majority			1,862	13.43	+12.13
Turnout			13,860	95.12	+0.79
Registered electors			14,571

1946 election

1946 general election: Marlborough^[10]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	National	Tom Shand	6,935	50.65	+5.42
	Labour	Ted Meachen	6,756	49.35	−0.41
Majority			179	1.30
Turnout			13,691	94.33	+2.17
Registered electors			14,513

1943 election

1943 general election: Marlborough^[11]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Ted Meachen	5,934	48.94	−7.23
	National	Tom Shand	5,484	45.23
	Democratic Labour	Mark Walton Grace	564	4.65
	Ind. Conservative	Angus Mackinnon	52	0.42
Informal votes			90	0.74	−0.07
Majority			450	3.71	−9.31
Turnout			12,124	92.16	−3.58
Registered electors			13,154

1938 election

1938 general election: Marlborough^[12]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Labour	Ted Meachen	6,579	56.17
	National	Edward Healy	5,054	43.15
Informal votes			79	0.67
Majority			1,525	13.02
Turnout			11,712	95.74
Registered electors			12,232

Notes

^ McRobie 1989, pp. 87–92.
^ McRobie 1989, pp. 87–93.
^ McRobie 1989, p. 92.
^ McRobie 1989, p. 93.
^ Wilson 1985, p. 219.
^ Wilson 1985, pp. 219, 233.
^ Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1993. pp. 60–1.
^ Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1990. pp. 64–5.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Norton 1988, p. 274.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Norton 1988, p. 273.
^ "The General Election, 1943". National Library. 1944. p. 11. Retrieved 28 March 2014.
^ "The General Election, 1938". National Library. 1939. pp. 1–6. Retrieved 8 February 2012.

References

McRobie, Alan (1989). Electoral Atlas of New Zealand. Wellington: GP Books. ISBN 0-477-01384-8.
Norton, Clifford (1988). New Zealand Parliamentary Election Results 1946-1987: Occasional Publications No 1, Department of Political Science. Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington. ISBN 0-475-11200-8.
Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.

[FOOTNOTEMcRobie198987–92-1] McRobie 1989, pp. 87–92.

[FOOTNOTEMcRobie198987–93-2] McRobie 1989, pp. 87–93.

[FOOTNOTEMcRobie198992-3] McRobie 1989, p. 92.

[FOOTNOTEMcRobie198993-4] McRobie 1989, p. 93.

[FOOTNOTEWilson1985219-5] Wilson 1985, p. 219.

[FOOTNOTEWilson1985219,_233-6] Wilson 1985, pp. 219, 233.

[7] Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1993. pp. 60–1.

[8] Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1990. pp. 64–5.

[FOOTNOTENorton1988274-9] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Norton 1988, p. 274.

[FOOTNOTENorton1988273-10] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Norton 1988, p. 273.

[11] "The General Election, 1943". National Library. 1944. p. 11. Retrieved 28 March 2014.

[12] "The General Election, 1938". National Library. 1939. pp. 1–6. Retrieved 8 February 2012.

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