Minuscule 1739 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts), α 78 (in the von Soden numbering of New Testament manuscripts), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament made of parchment. Using the study of comparative writing styles (palaeography), it is dated to the 10th century.[1]
| New Testament manuscript | |
| Text | Acts, CE, Paul |
|---|---|
| Date | 10th century |
| Script | Greek |
| Found | 1897, von der Goltz |
| Now at | Great Lavra, B 184 |
| Size | 23 cm by 17.5 cm |
| Type | Alexandrian text-type |
| Category | I / II |
| Note | close to 𝔓46 and B |
Description
editThe manuscript is a codex (precursor to the modern book) containing the text of the Acts of the Apostles, Catholic epistles, and Pauline epistles on 102 parchment leaves (23 cm by 17.5 cm). The text is written in one column per page, 35 lines per page.[1] The Epistle to the Hebrews is placed before 1 Timothy. It contains marginal notes, with lectionary markings added by a later hand.[2]
It contains a large number of notes drawn from early church fathers (such as Irenaeus, Clement, Origen, Eusebius, and Basil of Caesarea), but none later than Basil (329-379 CE), suggesting a relatively early date for 1739's exemplar. The text of this manuscript often agrees with 𝔓46 and Codex Vaticanus. A colophon indicates that while copying the Pauline epistles, the scribe followed a manuscript that contained text edited by Origen.[3]
At the end of the Second Epistle to Timothy it has the subscription προς τιμοθεον β' εγραφη απο ρωμης (2nd to Timothy, written from Rome). The same subscription appears in manuscripts Codex Porphyrianus (P), Minuscule 6, 1881, and some others.[4]: 556
Text
editThe Greek text of this codex is considered a representative of the Alexandrian text-type. Biblical scholar Kurt Aland placed the text of the Epistles in Category I, but the text of the Acts in Category II of his New Testament manuscript classification system.[5] It was not examined by the Claremont Profile Method (a specific analysis of textual data).[6]
Together with the minuscule manuscripts 323, 630, 945, and 1891 it belongs to the textual Family 1739 (in Acts). In the Pauline Epistles this family includes the following manuscripts: Uncial 0121a, 0243/0121b, 6, 424, 630 (in part), and 1881. In a marginal note to the text of 1 John 5:6, a corrector added the reading δι' ὕδατος καὶ αἵματος καὶ πνεύματος (through water and blood and spirit) as found in the following manuscripts: Codex Sinaiticus (א), Codex Alexandrinus, 104, 424c, 614, 2412, 2495, ℓ 598m, syh, sa, bo, and by the early church father Origen.[7]: 823 [n 1] Biblical scholar Bart D. Ehrman says this reading is an Orthodox corrupt reading.[8]
- Some notable readings
- Include verse: 1739 Ea 323 453 945 1891 2818 al
- Omit verse: 𝔓45 𝔓74 א A B C 33 81 614 vg syp, h sa bo eth[9]: 315-6 [4]: 345
- πνεῦμα ἅγιον ἐπέπεσεν ἐπὶ τὸν εὐνοῦχον, ἄγγελος δέ κυρίου ἥρπασεν τὸν Φίλιππον ([the] Holy Spirit fell on the eunuch, and [the] angel of [the] Lord caught up Philip): 1739 A 94 103 307 322 323 385 453 467 945 1765 1891 2298 36a itp vg syh
- πνεῦμα κυρίου ἥρπασεν τὸν Φίλιππον ([The] Spirit of [the] Lord caught up Philip): Majority of manuscripts[9][4]: 345
- εξ Ιερουσαλημ εις Αντιοχειαν (from Jerusalem to Antioch): 1739 Ea 429 945 syp sa geo
- εις Ιερουσαλημ (to Jerusalem): Majority of manuscripts[7]: 464
- του κυριου (of the Lord): 1739 𝔓74 C* D E Ψ 33 36 453 945 1891
- του θεου (of God): א A B 614 1175 1505 vg sy boms
- του κυριου και του Θεου (of the Lord and God): Majority of manuscripts[4]: 384 [n 2]
History
editThe manuscript was copied by a monk named Ephraim. He copied 1739 from an uncial exemplar from the 4th century. The manuscript was studied by E. von der Goltz in 1897 at Mount Athos and is usually known by his name.[10] A collation was made by Morton S. Enslin (in Kirsopp Lake Six Collations).[11]
The manuscript is currently housed at the Great Lavra monastery (shelf number B 184), on Mount Athos in Greece.[1][12]
See also
editNotes
edit- ^ For other variants of this verse see: Textual variants in the First Epistle of John.
- ^ For the other variants of this verse see: Textual variants in the Acts of the Apostles.
References
edit- ^ a b c K. Aland, M. Welte, B. Köster, K. Junack, "Kurzgefasste Liste der griechischen Handschriften des Neues Testaments", Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, New York 1994, p. 145.
- ^ Gregory, Caspar René (1909). Textkritik des Neuen Testaments. Vol. 3. Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs. p. 1176.
- ^ Metzger, Bruce Manning (1981), Manuscripts of the Greek Bible: An Introduction to Greek Paleography, Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 112, retrieved 2024-09-14
- ^ a b c d e f Aland, Kurt; Black, Matthew; Martini, Carlo Maria; Metzger, Bruce M.; Wikgren, Allen, eds. (1981). Nestle-Aland Novum Testamentum Graece (26 ed.). Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelstiftung. ISBN 3-438-051001. (NA26)
- ^ Aland, Kurt; Aland, Barbara (1995). The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism. Erroll F. Rhodes (trans.). Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. p. 135. ISBN 978-0-8028-4098-1.
- ^ Wisse, Frederik (1982). The profile method for the classification and evaluation of manuscript evidence, as Applied to the Continuous Greek Text of the Gospel of Luke. Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. p. 83. ISBN 0-8028-1918-4.
- ^ a b c Aland, Kurt; Black, Matthew; Martini, Carlo Maria; Metzger, Bruce Manning; Wikgren, Allen, eds. (1983). The Greek New Testament (3rd ed.). Stuttgart: United Bible Societies. ISBN 9783438051103. (UBS3)
- ^ Ehrman, Bart D. (1993). The Orthodox Corruption of Scripture. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 60.
- ^ a b Metzger, Bruce Manning (2001). A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament (2 ed.). Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft. p. 316. ISBN 978-3-438-06010-5.
- ^ Eduard F. von der Goltz, Eine textkritische Arbeit des zehnten bezw. sechtsten Jahrhunderts, herausgegeben nach einem Kodex des Athosklosters Lawra (T&U 2,4), (Leipzig: Hinrichs, 1899), Vorwort.
- ^ Kirsopp Lake & Silva Lake, Six Collations of New Testament Manuscripts (1932), pp. 141-219.
- ^ "Liste Handschriften". Münster: Institute for New Testament Textual Research. Retrieved 8 March 2011.
Further reading
edit- M.-J. Lagrange, "Critique textuelle II". Pages 470–471 in La Critique rationelle. Paris, 1935.
- Kim, K. W. "Codices 1582, 1739, and Origen". Journal of Biblical Literature 69 (1950): 167.
- J. Neville Birdsall, A Study of MS. 1739 and its Relationship to MSS. 6, 424, 1908, and M (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, 1959)
- J. Neville Birdsall, Collected papers in Greek and Georgian textual criticism, Texts and Studies vol. 3, Gorgias Press LLC, 2006, p. 81.
- Günther Zuntz, Opuscula selecta; classica, hellenistica christiana, Manchester University Press ND, 1972, pp. 284-290.
External links
edit- MS 1739 in Microfilm at the Library of Congress
- Minuscule 1739 at the Encyclopedia of Textual Criticism
- "Liste Handschriften". Münster: Institute for New Testament Textual Research. Retrieved 8 March 2011.