Induction of labor (IOL) is the process by which medications or other methods are used to initiate labor in pregnant patients. Approximately 1 in 4 women in the United States are induced, up to 1 in 10 being induced for elective reasons. There are several approaches to IOL, which can vary based on the clinical context, the institution, as well as provider preference. It is unclear whether some methods or method combinations of IOL are of more benefit than others. At UC Davis, guidelines for approaching IOL are outlined but not completely standardized, leaving room for variabilities in practice, particularly in primipara patients (those giving birth for the first time).

Prostate cancer affects up to 11% of men over their lifetime. PSA screening has poor specificity and sensitivity. Standard technique for prostate bx: transrectal ultrasonography and either a transrectal or transperineal needle approach + 12-core sampling. Prostate MRI can visualize aggressive prostate cancer, help decide the need for prostate biopsy. MRI can also assist performing a more efficient targeted biopsy.

Up to 25% of US women regret having undergone surgical sterilization. Intrauterine contraception (IUC) can be safely used for up to 20 years offering rapidly-reversible contraception that is as effective as surgical sterilization. FamilyPACT covers service for Californians living at or below 200% of the Federal Poverty Level, who do not meet criteria for Medi-Cal eligibility. Discriminatory medical practices have long-term effects on minority communities’ trust in the healthcare system. California has a problematic history of eugenics practices that spanned over 70 years, until 2010.