Enables storage (such as device identifiers) related to advertising.

Enables storage (such as app identifiers) related to analytics, e.g. visit duration.

Sets consent for sending user data to Google for advertising purposes.

Sets consent for personalized advertising.

Consent status indicating consent is denied. For an overview of which data is sent when consent is denied, see SDK behavior with consent mode.

Consent status indicating consent is granted.

Ad Impression event. This event signifies when a user sees an ad impression. Note: If you supply the AnalyticsParameterValue parameter, you must also supply the AnalyticsParameterCurrency parameter so that revenue metrics can be computed accurately. Params:

• AnalyticsParameterAdPlatform (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterAdFormat (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterAdSource (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterAdUnitName (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterCurrency (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterValue (Double) (optional)

Add Payment Info event. This event signifies that a user has submitted their payment information. Note: If you supply the AnalyticsParameterValue parameter, you must also supply the AnalyticsParameterCurrency parameter so that revenue metrics can be computed accurately. Params:

• AnalyticsParameterCoupon (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterCurrency (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterItems ([[String: Any]]) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterPaymentType (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterValue (Double) (optional)

Add Shipping Info event. This event signifies that a user has submitted their shipping information. Note: If you supply the AnalyticsParameterValue parameter, you must also supply the AnalyticsParameterCurrency parameter so that revenue metrics can be computed accurately. Params:

• AnalyticsParameterCoupon (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterCurrency (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterItems ([[String: Any]]) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterShippingTier (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterValue (Double) (optional)

E-Commerce Add To Cart event. This event signifies that an item(s) was added to a cart for purchase. Add this event to a funnel with AnalyticsEventPurchase to gauge the effectiveness of your checkout process. Note: If you supply the AnalyticsParameterValue parameter, you must also supply the AnalyticsParameterCurrency parameter so that revenue metrics can be computed accurately. Params:

• AnalyticsParameterCurrency (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterItems ([[String: Any]]) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterValue (Double) (optional)

E-Commerce Add To Wishlist event. This event signifies that an item was added to a wishlist. Use this event to identify popular gift items. Note: If you supply the AnalyticsParameterValue parameter, you must also supply the AnalyticsParameterCurrency parameter so that revenue metrics can be computed accurately. Params:

• AnalyticsParameterCurrency (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterItems ([[String: Any]]) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterValue (Double) (optional)

App Open event. By logging this event when an App becomes active, developers can understand how often users leave and return during the course of a Session. Although Sessions are automatically reported, this event can provide further clarification around the continuous engagement of app-users.

E-Commerce Begin Checkout event. This event signifies that a user has begun the process of checking out. Add this event to a funnel with your AnalyticsEventPurchase event to gauge the effectiveness of your checkout process. Note: If you supply the AnalyticsParameterValue parameter, you must also supply the AnalyticsParameterCurrency parameter so that revenue metrics can be computed accurately. Params:

• AnalyticsParameterCoupon (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterCurrency (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterItems ([[String: Any]]) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterValue (Double) (optional)

Campaign Detail event. Log this event to supply the referral details of a re-engagement campaign. Note: you must supply at least one of the required parameters AnalyticsParameterSource, AnalyticsParameterMedium or AnalyticsParameterCampaign. Params:

• AnalyticsParameterSource (String)
• AnalyticsParameterMedium (String)
• AnalyticsParameterCampaign (String)
• AnalyticsParameterTerm (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterContent (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterAdNetworkClickID (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterCP1 (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterCampaignID (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterCreativeFormat (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterMarketingTactic (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterSourcePlatform (String) (optional)

Earn Virtual Currency event. This event tracks the awarding of virtual currency in your app. Log this along with AnalyticsEventSpendVirtualCurrency to better understand your virtual economy. Params:

• AnalyticsParameterVirtualCurrencyName (String)
• AnalyticsParameterValue (Int or Double)

Generate Lead event. Log this event when a lead has been generated in the app to understand the efficacy of your install and re-engagement campaigns. Note: If you supply the AnalyticsParameterValue parameter, you must also supply the AnalyticsParameterCurrency parameter so that revenue metrics can be computed accurately. Params:

• AnalyticsParameterCurrency (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterValue (Double) (optional)

Join Group event. Log this event when a user joins a group such as a guild, team or family. Use this event to analyze how popular certain groups or social features are in your app. Params:

• AnalyticsParameterGroupID (String)

Level End event. Log this event when the user finishes a level. Params:

• AnalyticsParameterLevelName (String)
• AnalyticsParameterSuccess (String)

Level Start event. Log this event when the user starts a new level. Params:

• AnalyticsParameterLevelName (String)

Level Up event. This event signifies that a player has leveled up in your gaming app. It can help you gauge the level distribution of your userbase and help you identify certain levels that are difficult to pass. Params:

• AnalyticsParameterLevel (Int)
• AnalyticsParameterCharacter (String) (optional)

Login event. Apps with a login feature can report this event to signify that a user has logged in.

Post Score event. Log this event when the user posts a score in your gaming app. This event can help you understand how users are actually performing in your game and it can help you correlate high scores with certain audiences or behaviors. Params:

• AnalyticsParameterScore (Int)
• AnalyticsParameterLevel (Int) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterCharacter (String) (optional)

E-Commerce Purchase event. This event signifies that an item(s) was purchased by a user. Note: This is different from the in-app purchase event, which is reported automatically for App Store-based apps. Note: If you supply the AnalyticsParameterValue parameter, you must also supply the AnalyticsParameterCurrency parameter so that revenue metrics can be computed accurately. Params:

• AnalyticsParameterAffiliation (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterCoupon (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterCurrency (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterEndDate (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterItemID (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterItems ([[String: Any]]) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterShipping (Double) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterStartDate (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterTax (Double) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterTransactionID (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterValue (Double) (optional)

E-Commerce Refund event. This event signifies that a refund was issued. Note: If you supply the AnalyticsParameterValue parameter, you must also supply the AnalyticsParameterCurrency parameter so that revenue metrics can be computed accurately. Params:

• AnalyticsParameterAffiliation (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterCoupon (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterCurrency (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterItems ([[String: Any]]) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterShipping (Double) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterTax (Double) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterTransactionID (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterValue (Double) (optional)

E-Commerce Remove from Cart event. This event signifies that an item(s) was removed from a cart. Note: If you supply the AnalyticsParameterValue parameter, you must also supply the AnalyticsParameterCurrency parameter so that revenue metrics can be computed accurately. Params:

• AnalyticsParameterCurrency (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterItems ([[String: Any]]) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterValue (Double) (optional)

Screen View event. This event signifies a screen view. Use this when a screen transition occurs. This event can be logged irrespective of whether automatic screen tracking is enabled. Params:

• AnalyticsParameterScreenClass (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterScreenName (String) (optional)

Search event. Apps that support search features can use this event to contextualize search operations by supplying the appropriate, corresponding parameters. This event can help you identify the most popular content in your app. Params:

• AnalyticsParameterSearchTerm (String)
• AnalyticsParameterStartDate (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterEndDate (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterNumberOfNights (Int) (optional) for hotel bookings
• AnalyticsParameterNumberOfRooms (Int) (optional) for hotel bookings
• AnalyticsParameterNumberOfPassengers (Int) (optional) for travel bookings
• AnalyticsParameterOrigin (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterDestination (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterTravelClass (String) (optional) for travel bookings

Select Content event. This general purpose event signifies that a user has selected some content of a certain type in an app. The content can be any object in your app. This event can help you identify popular content and categories of content in your app. Params:

• AnalyticsParameterContentType (String)
• AnalyticsParameterItemID (String)

Select Item event. This event signifies that an item was selected by a user from a list. Use the appropriate parameters to contextualize the event. Use this event to discover the most popular items selected. Params:

• AnalyticsParameterItems ([[String: Any]]) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterItemListID (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterItemListName (String) (optional)

Select promotion event. This event signifies that a user has selected a promotion offer. Use the appropriate parameters to contextualize the event, such as the item(s) for which the promotion applies. Params:

• AnalyticsParameterCreativeName (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterCreativeSlot (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterItems ([[String: Any]]) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterLocationID (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterPromotionID (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterPromotionName (String) (optional)

Share event. Apps with social features can log the Share event to identify the most viral content. Params:

• AnalyticsParameterContentType (String)
• AnalyticsParameterItemID (String)

Sign Up event. This event indicates that a user has signed up for an account in your app. The parameter signifies the method by which the user signed up. Use this event to understand the different behaviors between logged in and logged out users. Params:

• AnalyticsParameterMethod (String)

Spend Virtual Currency event. This event tracks the sale of virtual goods in your app and can help you identify which virtual goods are the most popular objects of purchase. Params:

• AnalyticsParameterItemName (String)
• AnalyticsParameterVirtualCurrencyName (String)
• AnalyticsParameterValue (Int or Double)

Tutorial Begin event. This event signifies the start of the on-boarding process in your app. Use this in a funnel with AnalyticsEventTutorialComplete to understand how many users complete this process and move on to the full app experience.

Tutorial End event. Use this event to signify the user’s completion of your app’s on-boarding process. Add this to a funnel with AnalyticsEventTutorialBegin to gauge the completion rate of your on-boarding process.

Unlock Achievement event. Log this event when the user has unlocked an achievement in your game. Since achievements generally represent the breadth of a gaming experience, this event can help you understand how many users are experiencing all that your game has to offer. Params:

• AnalyticsParameterAchievementID (String)

E-commerce View Cart event. This event signifies that a user has viewed their cart. Use this to analyze your purchase funnel. Note: If you supply the AnalyticsParameterValue parameter, you must also supply the AnalyticsParameterCurrency parameter so that revenue metrics can be computed accurately. Params:

• AnalyticsParameterCurrency (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterItems ([[String: Any]]) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterValue (Double) (optional)

View Item event. This event signifies that a user has viewed an item. Use the appropriate parameters to contextualize the event. Use this event to discover the most popular items viewed in your app. Note: If you supply the AnalyticsParameterValue parameter, you must also supply the AnalyticsParameterCurrency parameter so that revenue metrics can be computed accurately. Params:

• AnalyticsParameterCurrency (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterItems ([[String: Any]]) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterValue (Double) (optional)

View Item List event. Log this event when a user sees a list of items or offerings. Params:

• AnalyticsParameterItems ([[String: Any]]) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterItemListID (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterItemListName (String) (optional)

View Promotion event. This event signifies that a promotion was shown to a user. Add this event to a funnel with the AnalyticsEventAddToCart and AnalyticsEventPurchase to gauge your conversion process. Params:

• AnalyticsParameterCreativeName (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterCreativeSlot (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterItems ([[String: Any]]) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterLocationID (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterPromotionID (String) (optional)
• AnalyticsParameterPromotionName (String) (optional)

View Search Results event. Log this event when the user has been presented with the results of a search. Params:

• AnalyticsParameterSearchTerm (String)

Game achievement ID (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterAchievementID : "10_matches_won",
      // ...
    ]

The ad format (e.g. Banner, Interstitial, Rewarded, Native, Rewarded Interstitial, Instream). (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterAdFormat : "Banner",
      // ...
    ]

Ad Network Click ID (String). Used for network-specific click IDs which vary in format.

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterAdNetworkClickID : "1234567",
      // ...
    ]

The ad platform (e.g. MoPub, IronSource) (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterAdPlatform : "MoPub",
      // ...
    ]

The ad source (e.g. AdColony) (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterAdSource : "AdColony",
      // ...
    ]

The ad unit name (e.g. Banner_03) (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterAdUnitName : "Banner_03",
      // ...
    ]

A product affiliation to designate a supplying company or brick and mortar store location (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterAffiliation : "Google Store",
      // ...
    ]

Campaign custom parameter (String). Used as a method of capturing custom data in a campaign. Use varies by network.

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterCP1 : "custom_data",
      // ...
    ]

The individual campaign name, slogan, promo code, etc. Some networks have pre-defined macro to capture campaign information, otherwise can be populated by developer. Highly Recommended (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterCampaign : "winter_promotion",
      // ...
    ]

Campaign ID (String). Used for keyword analysis to identify a specific product promotion or strategic campaign. This is a required key for GA4 data import.

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterCampaignID : "7877652710",
      // ...
    ]

Character used in game (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterCharacter : "beat_boss",
      // ...
    ]

Campaign content (String).

Type of content selected (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterContentType : "news article",
      // ...
    ]

Coupon code used for a purchase (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterCoupon : "SUMMER_FUN",
      // ...
    ]

Creative Format (String). Used to identify the high-level classification of the type of ad served by a specific campaign.

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterCreativeFormat : "display",
      // ...
    ]

The name of a creative used in a promotional spot (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterCreativeName : "Summer Sale",
      // ...
    ]

The name of a creative slot (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterCreativeSlot : "summer_banner2",
      // ...
    ]

Currency of the purchase or items associated with the event, in 3-letter ISO_4217 format (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterCurrency : "USD",
      // ...
    ]

Flight or Travel destination (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterDestination : "Mountain View, CA",
      // ...
    ]

Monetary value of discount associated with a purchase (Double).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterDiscount : 2.0,
      AnalyticsParameterCurrency : "USD",  // e.g. $2.00 USD
      // ...
    ]

The arrival date, check-out date or rental end date for the item. This should be in YYYY-MM-DD format (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterEndDate : "2015-09-14",
      // ...
    ]

Indicates that the associated event should either extend the current session or start a new session if no session was active when the event was logged. Specify 1 to extend the current session or to start a new session; any other value will not extend or start a session.

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterExtendSession : 1,
      // ...
    ]

Flight number for travel events (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterFlightNumber : "ZZ800",
      // ...
    ]

Group/clan/guild ID (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterGroupID : "g1",
      // ...
    ]

The index of the item in a list (Int).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterIndex : 5,
      // ...
    ]

Item brand (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterItemBrand : "Google",
      // ...
    ]

Item category (context-specific) (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterItemCategory : "pants",
      // ...
    ]

Item Category (context-specific) (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterItemCategory2 : "pants",
      // ...
    ]

Item Category (context-specific) (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterItemCategory3 : "pants",
      // ...
    ]

Item Category (context-specific) (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterItemCategory4 : "pants",
      // ...
    ]

Item Category (context-specific) (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterItemCategory5 : "pants",
      // ...
    ]

Item ID (context-specific) (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterItemID : "SKU_12345",
      // ...
    ]

The ID of the list in which the item was presented to the user (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterItemListID : "ABC123",
      // ...
    ]

The name of the list in which the item was presented to the user (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterItemListName : "Related products",
      // ...
    ]

Item Name (context-specific) (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterItemName : "jeggings",
      // ...
    ]

Item variant (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterItemVariant : "Black",
      // ...
    ]

The list of items involved in the transaction expressed as [[String: Any]].

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterItems : [
        [AnalyticsParameterItemName : "jeggings", AnalyticsParameterItemCategory : "pants"],
        [AnalyticsParameterItemName : "boots", AnalyticsParameterItemCategory : "shoes"],
      ],
    ]

Level in game (Int).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterLevel : 42,
      // ...
    ]

The name of a level in a game (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterLevelName : "room_1",
      // ...
    ]

Location (String). The Google Place ID that corresponds to the associated event. Alternatively, you can supply your own custom Location ID.

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterLocation : "ChIJiyj437sx3YAR9kUWC8QkLzQ",
      // ...
    ]

The location associated with the event. Preferred to be the Google Place ID that corresponds to the associated item but could be overridden to a custom location ID string.(String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterLocationID : "ChIJiyj437sx3YAR9kUWC8QkLzQ",
      // ...
    ]

Marketing Tactic (String). Used to identify the targeting criteria applied to a specific campaign.

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterMarketingTactic : "Remarketing",
      // ...
    ]

The advertising or marketing medium, for example: cpc, banner, email, push. Highly recommended (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterMedium : "email",
      // ...
    ]

A particular approach used in an operation; for example, “facebook” or “email” in the context of a sign_up or login event. (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterMethod : "google",
      // ...
    ]

Number of nights staying at hotel (Int).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterNumberOfNights : 3,
      // ...
    ]

Number of passengers traveling (Int).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterNumberOfPassengers : 11,
      // ...
    ]

Number of rooms for travel events (Int).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterNumberOfRooms : 2,
      // ...
    ]

Flight or Travel origin (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterOrigin : "Mountain View, CA",
      // ...
    ]

The chosen method of payment (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterPaymentType : "Visa",
      // ...
    ]

Purchase price (Double).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterPrice : 1.0,
      AnalyticsParameterCurrency : "USD",  // e.g. $1.00 USD
      // ...
    ]

The ID of a product promotion (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterPromotionID : "ABC123",
      // ...
    ]

The name of a product promotion (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterPromotionName : "Summer Sale",
      // ...
    ]

Purchase quantity (Int).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterQuantity : 1,
      // ...
    ]

Score in game (Int).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterScore : 4200,
      // ...
    ]

Current screen class, such as the class name of the UIViewController, logged with screen_view event and added to every event (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterScreenClass : "LoginViewController",
      // ...
    ]

Current screen name, such as the name of the UIViewController, logged with screen_view event and added to every event (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterScreenName : "LoginView",
      // ...
    ]

The search string/keywords used (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterSearchTerm : "periodic table",
      // ...
    ]

Shipping cost associated with a transaction (Double).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterShipping : 5.99,
      AnalyticsParameterCurrency : "USD",  // e.g. $5.99 USD
      // ...
    ]

The shipping tier (e.g. Ground, Air, Next-day) selected for delivery of the purchased item (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterShippingTier : "Ground",
      // ...
    ]

The origin of your traffic, such as an Ad network (for example, google) or partner (urban airship). Identify the advertiser, site, publication, etc. that is sending traffic to your property. Highly recommended (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterSource : "InMobi",
      // ...
    ]

Source Platform (String). Used to identify the platform responsible for directing traffic to a given Analytics property (e.g., a buying platform where budgets, targeting criteria, etc. are set, a platform for managing organic traffic data, etc.).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterSourcePlatform : "sa360",
      // ...
    ]

The departure date, check-in date or rental start date for the item. This should be in YYYY-MM-DD format (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterStartDate : "2015-09-14",
      // ...
    ]

The result of an operation. Specify 1 to indicate success and 0 to indicate failure (Int).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterSuccess : 1,
      // ...
    ]

Tax cost associated with a transaction (Double).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterTax : 2.43,
      AnalyticsParameterCurrency : "USD",  // e.g. $2.43 USD
      // ...
    ]

If you’re manually tagging keyword campaigns, you should use utm_term to specify the keyword (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterTerm : "game",
      // ...
    ]

The unique identifier of a transaction (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterTransactionID : "T12345",
      // ...
    ]

Travel class (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterTravelClass : "business",
      // ...
    ]

A context-specific numeric value which is accumulated automatically for each event type. This is a general purpose parameter that is useful for accumulating a key metric that pertains to an event. Examples include revenue, distance, time and points. Value should be specified as Int or Double. Notes: Values for pre-defined currency-related events (such as AnalyticsEventAddToCart) should be supplied using Double and must be accompanied by a AnalyticsParameterCurrency parameter. The valid range of accumulated values is [-9,223,372,036,854.77, 9,223,372,036,854.77]. Supplying a non-numeric value, omitting the corresponding AnalyticsParameterCurrency parameter, or supplying an invalid currency code for conversion events will cause that conversion to be omitted from reporting.

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterValue : 3.99,
      AnalyticsParameterCurrency : "USD",  // e.g. $3.99 USD
      // ...
    ]

Name of virtual currency type (String).

    let params = [
      AnalyticsParameterVirtualCurrencyName : "virtual_currency_name",
      // ...
    ]

Indicates whether events logged by Google Analytics can be used to personalize ads for the user. Set to “YES” to enable, or “NO” to disable. Default is enabled. See the documentation for more details and information about related settings.

    Analytics.setUserProperty("NO", forName: AnalyticsUserPropertyAllowAdPersonalizationSignals)

The method used to sign in. For example, “google”, “facebook” or “twitter”.