Calculations with dimensional quantities
Toy implementation for calculation of unitized quantities. Beware, incomplete and not yet thoroughly tested.
Usage:
do %units.red
units [<Units-DSL>]
Units-DSL is ordinary RED with added pseudotype for dimensioned (i.e. unitized) quantities in form <number><units>, e.g. 1kg, -200m, 10m2, 20e8dyn, 5.5kg*m/s2, 10m/s... and currencies either in form USD$100, EUR$50.35 or as other quantities 30CAD, 1.5PLZ or in combination with other quantities 100USD/hr, 50EUR/m2.
Now also angles 10deg, 1.5rad, also in combination with other quantities, e.g. 1turn/hr; and vectors with parenthesized literal form: (1,2), (1,2,3) or (1,2,3,4) (somewhat like expected point! type). All vectors are expanded to 4 dimensions, but not all dimensions are always used. Vectors are used to implement complex numbers and quaternions.
Scales for quantities are defined in %units.red, implementation is in %units-code.red.
Quantities are rewritten with pre-load into parenthesized functions
>> "1kg"
== "(basic kg 1)"
>> "1kg3"
== "(derive {kg3} 1)"
>> "100USD/m2"
== "(derive {USD/m2} 100)"
>> "(1,2,3,4)"
== "(vector compose [1 2 3 4])"
compose seen in last example enables composition of vectors and also of other quantities:
>> "(1,0,(pi / 2),1)"
== "(vector compose [1 0 (pi / 2) 1])"
>> "a: 123.456 (a / 3)kg/m2"
== "a: 123.456 (derive {kg/m2} (a / 3))"
Inside units [...], these functions create objects with following structure:
probe units [1kg]
make object! [
type: 'mass
symbol: 'kg
amount: 1
scale: #(
g: 1000
ton: 0.001
lb: 2.2046226218487757
)
parts: [kg]
dimension: make vector! [0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0]
vector: none
as: func [sym /only][either only [
unit-value/only sym self
] [
unit-value sym self
]]
]
probe units [normalize (0,1,1,0)]
make object! [
type: 'vector
symbol: none
amount: 1.0
scale: none
parts: none
dimension: make vector! [1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0]
vector: make vector! [0.0 0.7071067811865475 0.7071067811865475 0.0]
as: none
]
Fields can be accessed with corresponding functions:
utype? <val>
symbol? <val>
amount? <val>
dim? <val>
parts? <val>
scale? <val>
vec? <val>
E.g.:
>> units [utype? (0,0,0,1)]
== vector
>> units [utype? 1kg*m/s2]
== force
>> units [utype? 100km/hr]
== velocity
>> units [scale? USD$1]
== #(
CAD: 1.4
EUR: 0.91
)
>> units [parts? 1kg*m/s2]
== [[kg m] [s 2]]
>> units [dim? 1N]
== make vector! [0 1 1 -2 0 0 0 0 0]
>> units [vec? 45deg]
== make vector! [0.0 0.71 0.71 0.0]
Quantities can be compared, added, subtracted, multiplied, divided and rised to powers. Comparisons return logic values arithmetic operations return new objects. In following units [] are implied:
USD$1 < EUR$1
;== true
1km = 1000m
;== true
100m / 2s
;== make object! [
; type: 'derived
; symbol: "m/s"
; amount: 50.0
; ...
500km / 150mi/hr
;== make object! [
; type: 'basic
; symbol: 'hr
; amount: 5.36448
; scale: #(
; mn: 60
; ...
mass: 20kg acceleration: 9.8m/s2 force: mass * acceleration
amount? force
;== 196.0
symbol? force
;== "kg*m/s2"
1m ** 3
;== make object! [
; type: 'derived
; symbol: "m3"
; amount: 1
; scale: none
; parts: [[m 3]]
; ...
Quantities can be converted to different units with as-unit, to-unit, re-dimension and form-as:
as-unit EUR PLZ$25 ; recalculates second argument in terms of unit given as first argument
;== 5.482456140350878
form-as EUR PLZ$25 ; forms value of second argument in terms of unit given as first argument
;== "EUR$5.48"
form-unit re-dimension 1g*mm/s2 1dyn ; redimensions second argument in units of first argument (and `form-unit` forms it with units)
;== "10.0g*mm/s2"
to-unit dyn 1N
;== make object! [
; type: 'basic
; symbol: 'dyn
; amount: 100000
; ...
Dimensioned quanities can be vectorized:
amount? (100m * 30deg) + (150m * 135deg)
;== 157.2750096071349
Vectorized quantities can be turned, elevated and rotated:
p: 10m * 45deg turn p 15deg elevate p 30deg probe angle? p probe elevation? p
60.0
30.0
p: rotate 10m * 0deg (-120,1,1,1) probe angle? p elevation? p
-45.0
;== 90.0
p: rotate 10m * 0deg (120,1,1,1) probe angle? p elevation? p
90.0
;== 0.0
Second argument to rotate is either vector! type or vector quantity, where first element is rotation angle and rest determines rotation axis.
Finally, basic complex and quaternion arithmetic works:
vec? (1,0) * (0,1)
;== make vector! [0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0]
vec? (1,0) * ((0,1) ** 2)
;== make vector! [-1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0]
vec? (1,0) * ((0,1) ** 3)
;== make vector! [0.0 -1.0 0.0 0.0]
vec? (1,0) * ((0,1) ** 4)
;== make vector! [1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0]
vec? (1,0,0,0) * (0,0,0,1)
;== make vector! [0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0]
vec? (0,1,0,0) * (0,0,0,1)
;== make vector! [0.0 0.0 -1.0 0.0]
vec? (0,1,0,0) * (0,0,1,0)
;== make vector! [0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0]
vec? (0,1,0,0) * (0,1,0,0)
;== make vector! [-1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0]
>> units [vec? (0,0,0,1) ** 2]
== make vector! [-1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0]
>> units [vec? (0,0,0,1) ** 3]
== make vector! [0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0]
>> units [vec? (0,0,0,1) ** 4]
== make vector! [1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0]
18-May-2020
Added entities -- these are objects which can contain several quantities, e.g.:
units [
;Recipe
Americana-for-two: entity [flour-00: 625g water: 375g salt: 15g yeast: 0.67g sugar: 10g oil: 50g]
prices: entity [flour-00: 20.0EUR/kg salt: 5.53EUR/kg yeast: 2.8EUR/kg sugar: 0.56EUR/kg oil: 1.29EUR/kg water: 0.002EUR/kg]
Americana-for-200: 100 * Americana-for-two
price: Americana-for-200 * prices
]
form-entity forms all quantities in given entity:
>> units [form-entity price]
== make object! [
flour-00: "EUR$1250.00"
water: "EUR$0.08"
salt: "EUR$8.30"
yeast: "EUR$0.19"
sugar: "EUR$0.56"
oil: "EUR$6.4...
total-dim sums quantities with given dimension in entity:
>> units [form-unit total-dim price 'currency]
== "EUR$1265.57"
21-May-2020
Added downloading currency rates by @rebolek (code in %currency-rates.red).
Initially for USD only, e.g.
>> set-scales/dim make-rates-table select get-rates 'rates dims/currency
>> probe scales/USD
#(
CAD: 0.7179857058553538
EUR: 0.8992805755395683
HKD: 0.12902085542594555
ISK: 0.006996805111821086
PHP: 0.019705940576241292
DKK: 0.14685764866822243
HUF: 0.0031254459825888394
CZK: 0.03983266642415424
AUD: 0.6536923168766043
RON: 0.22610886264144708
...