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Irritable bowel syndrome

From Wikipedia
irritable bowel syndrome
class of disease, symptom or sign
Subclass offunctional colonic disease, syndrome, intestinal disease, disease Edit
Health specialtygastroenterology Edit
Symptoms and signsabdominal discomfort, bloating, constipation, diarrhea, abdominal pain Edit
Medical examinationsigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy, physical examination Edit
Possible treatmentdiet, alkaloid, antispasmodic, β-lactulose, probiotics Edit
ICD-9-CM564.1 Edit
ICPC 2 IDD93 Edit
NCI Thesaurus IDC82343, C82343 Edit

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) be functional gastrointestinal disorder characterize by group of symptoms wey commonly dey include abdominal pain, abdominal bloating den changes insyd de consistency of bowel movements.[1] Dis symptoms dey occur ova long time, often years.[2] Dem classify am go four main types wey dey depend for whether diarrhea be common, constipation be common, both be common, anaa neither dey occur very often (IBS-D, IBS-C, IBS-M, anaa IBS-U respectively). IBS negatively dey affect quality of life wey go fi result for missed school anaa job.[3] Disorders lyk anxiety, major depression, den chronic fatigue syndrome be common among people plus IBS.[1][4][5]

De cause no be clear.[2] Theories dey include combinations of gut-brain axis problems, gut motility disorders, pain sensitivity, infections wey dey include small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, neurotransmitters, genetic factors, den food sensitivity.[2] Intestinal infection go fi trigger onset,[6] anaa stressful life event.[7] Insyd de latter case, dem dey bell am post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome.[6]

Dem base diagnosis for symptoms top for de absence of worrisome features wey dem rule out once oda potential conditions.[8] Worrisome features dey include onset for greater dan 50 years of age, weight loss, blood for stool insyd, anaa family history of Inflammatory bowel disease.[8] Oda conditions wey go fi be present similarly dey include celiac disease, microscopic colitis, inflammatory bowel disease, bile acid malabsorption, den colon cancer.[8]

Cure no dey; plus efforts make dem improve symptoms. Dis go fi include dietary changes, exercise, medication, probiotics, den counselling.[9][10] Dietary measures dey include increasing soluble fiber, gluten-free diet, anaa short-term diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, den polyols (FODMAPs). Dem go fi use de medication loperamide make e help plus diarrhea while laxatives lyk polyethylene glycol go fi help plus constipation.[8] Antidepressants, antispasmodics, den peppermint oil go fi improve overall symptoms den reduce pain.[8] Patient education den good doctor-patient relationship be important part of care.[8][11]

Dem dey believe say about 10–15% of people wey dey de developed world IBS affect.[1][12] Dem estimate say 1–45% of people globally wey IBS affect. Ebe more common for South America insyd den less common for Southeast Asia insyd.[8] Ebe twice common for women insyd as men wey edey typically occur before age 45.[1] De condition dey appear make e cam turn less common plus age.[8] IBS no dey affect life expectancy anaa dey lead go oda serious diseases.[13] Na de first description for de condition be for 1820 insyd while de current term irritable bowel syndrome cam into use for 1944 insyd.[14]

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "Definition and Facts for Irritable Bowel Syndrome". NIDDKD. February 23, 2015. Archived from the original on April 2, 2016. Retrieved March 29, 2016.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Symptoms and Causes of Irritable Bowel Syndrome". NIDDK. February 23, 2015. Archived from the original on April 5, 2016. Retrieved March 29, 2016.
  3. ↑ Hulisz D (2004). "The burden of illness of irritable bowel syndrome: current challenges and hope for the future". Journal of Managed Care Pharmacy. 10 (4): 299–309. doi:10.18553/jmcp.2004.10.4.299. PMC 10437478. PMID 15298528. S2CID 9413379.
  4. ↑ Whitehead WE, Palsson O, Jones KR (April 2002). "Systematic review of the comorbidity of irritable bowel syndrome with other disorders: what are the causes and implications?". Gastroenterology. 122 (4): 1140–56. doi:10.1053/gast.2002.32392. PMID 11910364.
  5. ↑ "Irritable bowel syndrome - Symptoms and causes". Mayo Clinic. Retrieved December 5, 2023.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Spiller R, Garsed K (May 2009). "Postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome". Gastroenterology. 136 (6): 1979–88. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2009.02.074. PMID 19457422.
  7. ↑ Chang L (March 2011). "The role of stress on physiologic responses and clinical symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome". Gastroenterology. 140 (3): 761–5. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2011.01.032. PMC 3039211. PMID 21256129.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 Chey WD, Kurlander J, Eswaran S (March 2015). "Irritable bowel syndrome: a clinical review". JAMA. 313 (9): 949–58. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.0954. PMID 25734736. S2CID 205062386.
  9. ↑ "Treatment for Irritable Bowel Syndrome". NIDDK. February 23, 2015. Archived from the original on April 6, 2016. Retrieved March 29, 2016.
  10. ↑ Palsson OS, Peery A, Seitzberg D, Amundsen ID, McConnell B, Simrén M (December 2020). "Human Milk Oligosaccharides Support Normal Bowel Function and Improve Symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Multicenter, Open-Label Trial". Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology. 11 (12): e00276. doi:10.14309/ctg.0000000000000276. PMC 7721220. PMID 33512807.
  11. ↑ Mayer EA (April 2008). "Clinical practice. Irritable bowel syndrome". The New England Journal of Medicine. 358 (16): 1692–1699. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp0801447. PMC 3816529. PMID 18420501.
  12. ↑ Maxion-Bergemann S, Thielecke F, Abel F, Bergemann R (2006). "Costs of irritable bowel syndrome in the UK and US". PharmacoEconomics. 24 (1): 21–37. doi:10.2165/00019053-200624010-00002. PMID 16445300. S2CID 45376327.
  13. ↑ Quigley EM (2013). "Treatment level 1". Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Diagnosis and Clinical Management (First ed.). Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 978-1-118-44474-0. Archived from the original on September 8, 2017.
  14. ↑ Hatch MC (2000). Women and Health. San Diego, Calif: Academic Press. p. 1098. ISBN 978-0-12-288145-9. Archived from the original on September 8, 2017.
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