Saul Bellow

Saul Bellow
Saul Bellow
	Barkas:SaulBellowAndKeithBotsford.jpg Saul Bellow (kiwa) lan Keith Botsford
Lair	Solomon Bellows; 10 Juni 1915; Lachine, Quebec, Canada
Pati	April 5, 2005 (umur 89); Brookline, Massachusetts, United States
Bangsa	Amérika Sarékat
Bebungah utama	Penghargaan Nobel dalam Sastra ; 1976 ;

Saul Bellow (10 Juni 1915 – 5 April 2005) inggih punika penulis Amérika Sarékat ingkang miyos wonten ing Kanadha. Piyambakipun menangaken Bebungah Nobel Sastra taun 1976 lan National Medal of Arts taun 1988 [1].

Bellow misuwur kanggé novèl-novèl ingkang ngamati isolasi, disosiasi spiritual, lan kamungkinan kesadaran manungsa, nengenaken getih Yahudinipun. Bellow pikantuk ilham saking Chicago, kutha adopsinipun, lan sapérangan ageng karyanipun gadhah latar kutha punika. Karya-karyaipun nedahaken budaya ingkang inggil lan andhap, lan tokoh-tokoh fiktifipun ugi campuran "pemimpi" intelektual lan tiyang-tiyang ingkang percaya dhiri. Sadangunipun pikantuk beasiswa Guggenheim wonten ing Paris, piyambakipun nyerat sapérangan ageng novèl ingkang misuwur, The Adventures of Augie March (1953).^[1]

Pagesangan awal

Piyambakipun miyos minangka Solomon (jejuluk 'Sollie') Bellows wonten ing Lachine, Quebec (sapunika péranganing kutha Montreal), nalika tiyang sepuhipun pindhah saking St. Petersburg, Kamaharajan Ruslan. Boten jelas punapa inggih Bellows (ingkang lajeng mbuwang huruf 's' saking nama pungkasanipun) miyos wonten ing wulan Juni utawi Juli 1915, amargi nalika miyosipun para imigran Yahudi cenderung acuh boten acuh saking kalender Kristen (Bellow méngeti tanggap warsanipun wonten ing wulan Juni).^[2] Masa gerah infeksi saluran pernapasan nalika umur 8 tau ngajaraken kepercayaan diri (piyambakipun minangka tiyang ingkang tegar éwadéné kutu buku) lan nyamektakaken kesempatan kanggé muasaken "kehausan" Bellow kanggé maos: dipuncariyosaken piyambakipun ugi dados penulis nalika pisanan maos Pondok Pakdhé Tom karya Harriet Elizabeth Beecher Stowe. Kulawarga punika pindhah dhateng laladan pinggiran Chicago, kutha ingkang badhé mbentuk latar sapérangan ageng novelipun, nalika umuripun 9 taun. Bapakipun, Abram, minangka importir bawang. Piyambakipun ugi makarya wonten ing toko roti, njujugaken batu bara lan minangka "penyelundup MiRas".^[2] Ibu Bellow ingkang religius sanget, Liza, kepéngin putra ragilipun, Saul, dados rabbi utawi violinis konser. Nanging piyambakipun mbrontek tumrap punapa ingkang lajeng dipunsebut "keortodoksan ingkang mencekik" saking asuhan religiusipun, lan piyambakipun wiwit nyerat nalika taksih énem.^[2] Cinta abadi Bellow saking Alkitab kawiwitan nalika umur 4 taun nalika piyambakipun sinau basa Ibrani. Bellow ugi maos William Shakespeare lan para novelis Ruslan abad kaping 19.^[2] John Podhoretz, salah satunggaling mahasiswa Universitas Chicago, ngendika bilih Bellow lan kanca caketipun Allan Bloom (deleng Ravelstein), 'menghirup buku lan pamanggih kados sisa kita ngirup udara'.^[3]

Nalika taun 1930-an, Bellow minangka pérangan cabang Chicago WPA Writer's Project, ingkang nglebetaken para bintang sastra Chicago kados ta Richard Wright lan Nelson Algren. Sapérangan ageng penulis punika radikal: manawi punika sanès anggota Parté Kuminis, pesthi minangka simpatisan kuminisme. Kathah tiyang kados Richard Wright, ugi ndhérék wonten ing cabang John Reed Clubs ingkang dipunpimpin Parté Kuminis. Wonten ugi para Stalinis, ingkang namung maos buku ingkang dipunakoni parté punika, lan para Trotskyis, ingkang maosaken pratélan ingkang dipunakoni. Bellow inggih punika salah satunggaling tiyang Trotskyis lan maos pratélan ingkang dipunakoni punika. Amargi kathahipun jumlah panulis Stalinis, Bellow kedah ngraosaken dipunécé. (sumber: Nelson Algren, A Life on the Wild Side, pengarang, Bettina Drew (1991, University of Texas Press, Austin)

Sadangunipun Perang Donya II, Bellow kagabung kaliyan armada niaga lan sadangunipun tugas piyambakipun mungkasi novèl kapisananipun "Dangling Man" (1944). Buku punika nyariosaken babagan satunggaling pamuda Chicago ingkang nengga ndhérék perang.^[4]

Bibliografi

Fiksi

Dangling Man (1944)
The Victim (1947)
The Adventures of Augie March (1953)
Seize the Day (novèl)|Seize the Day (1956)
Henderson the Rain King (1959)
Herzog (novèl)|Herzog (1964)
Mosby's Memoirs (cerkakipun ugi wonten ing Collected Stories) (1968)
Mr. Sammler's Planet (1970)
Humboldt's Gift (1975), menangaken Penghargaan Pulitzer kanggé Karya Fiksi 1976
The Dean's December (1982)
Him with His Foot in His Mouth (cerkakipun ugi wonten ing Collected Stories) (1984)
More Die of Heartbreak(1987)
A Theft (1989)
The Bellarosa Connection (1989)
Something to Remember Me By: Three Tales (kempalan cerkak, A Theft and The Bellarosa Connection) (1991)
The Actual (novèl) (1997)
Ravelstein (2000)
Collected Stories (Bellow) (2001)

Esai

To Jerusalem and Back (1976)
It All Adds Up (1994)
Graven Images (1997)

Editorial

News from the Republic of Letters (from 1997)
Editors (Publisher's information Archived 2009-07-08 at the Portuguese Web Archive)
ANON
The Noble Savage

Babagan Bellow

Saul Bellow, Tony Tanner (1965) (Deleng uga City of Words 1971)
Saul Bellow, Malcolm Bradbury (1982)
Saul Bellow: Modern Critical Views, Harold Bloom (Ed.) (1986)
Handsome Is: Adventures with Saul Bellow, Harriet Wasserman (1997)
Bellow: A Biography, James Atlas (2000)
'Even Later' dan 'The American Eagle' in Martin Amis, The War Against Cliché (2001). Esai ingkang pungkasan ugi kapanggihake wonten ing edisi Everyman's Library Augie March.
'Saul Bellow's comic style': James Wood, The Irresponsible Self (2004).(Online extract Archived 2005-02-12 at the Wayback Machine.)

Terbit minangka

Novels 1944-1953: Dangling Man, The Victim, The Adventures of Augie March (James Wood, ed.) (Library of America, 2003) ISBN 1-931082-38-3.

Wonten ing musik

Album 2006 wonten ing The Avalanche déning Sufjan Stevens kalebet lagu persembahan "Saul Bellow".
One passage wonten ing novèl "Henderson, The Rain King" mengilhami Joni Mitchell nyerat lagu "Both Sides Now" in 1967. [2] Archived 2004-10-01 at the Wayback Machine.
Band rock Australia misuwur Augie March, maringi nama bandipun miturut tokoh protagonis wonten ing novèl Saul Bellow, The Adventures of Augie March.

Cathetan suku

↑ http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/1976/bellow-bio.html
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d The New York Times, 6 April 2005
↑ http://www.saulbellow.org/
↑ http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/bellow.html

Pranala njaba

Nobel site with two speeches (Biografi di situs resmi Yayasan Nobel
Annotated Bibliography of Criticism Archived 2009-08-31 at the Wayback Machine. olèh Saul Bellow Society
Pernyataan otobiografi 1955 Bellow untuk buku rujukan
JM Coetzee mengenai novel-novel awal
Slate's assortment of other writers' takes on Bellow, Archived 2005-09-07 at the Wayback Machine. mostly eulogistic
Joyce Carol Oates on Saul Bellow
Saul Bellow 'Bookweb' di situs sastra The Ledge, dengan anjuran bacaan lanjutan.

[1] ttp://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/1976/bellow-bio.html

[The_New_York_Times,_6_April_2005-2] The New York Times, 6 April 2005

[3] ttp://www.saulbellow.org/

[4] ttp://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/bellow.html

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

d r b Dhaptar pamenang bebungah Nobel Sastra
1901 – 1925	Prudhomme (1901) · Mommsen (1902) · Bjørnson (1903) · F. Mistral / Echegaray (1904) · Sienkiewicz (1905) · Carducci (1906) · Kipling (1907) · Eucken (1908) · Lagerlöf (1909) · Heyse (1910) · Maeterlinck (1911) · Hauptmann (1912) · Tagore (1913) · Rolland (1915) · Heidenstam (1916) · Gjellerup / Pontoppidan (1917) · Spitteler (1919) · Hamsun (1920) · France (1921) · Benavente (1922) · Yeats (1923) · Reymont (1924) · Shaw (1925)
1926 – 1950	Deledda (1926) · Bergson (1927) · Undset (1928) · Mann (1929) · Lewis (1930) · Karlfeldt (1931) · Galsworthy (1932) · Bunin (1933) · Pirandello (1934) · O'Neill (1936) · Martin du Gard (1937) · Buck (1938) · Sillanpää (1939) · Jensen (1944) · G. Mistral (1945) · Hesse (1946) · Gide (1947) · Eliot (1948) · Faulkner (1949) · Russell (1950)
1951 – 1975	Lagerkvist (1951) · Mauriac (1952) · Churchill (1953) · Hemingway (1954) · Laxness (1955) · Jiménez (1956) · Camus (1957) · Pasternak (1958) · Quasimodo (1959) · Perse (1960) · Andrić (1961) · Steinbeck (1962) · Seferis (1963) · Sartre (1964) · Sholokhov (1965) · Agnon / Sachs (1966) · Asturias (1967) · Kawabata (1968) · Beckett (1969) · Solzhenitsyn (1970) · Neruda (1971) · Böll (1972) · White (1973) · Johnson / Martinson (1974) · Montale (1975)
1976 – 2000	Bellow (1976) · Aleixandre (1977) · Singer (1978) · Elytis (1979) · Miłosz (1980) · Canetti (1981) · García-Márquez (1982) · Golding (1983) · Seifert (1984) · Simon (1985) · Soyinka (1986) · Brodsky (1987) · Mahfouz (1988) · Cela (1989) · Paz (1990) · Gordimer (1991) · Walcott (1992) · Morrison (1993) · Ōe (1994) · Heaney (1995) · Szymborska (1996) · Fo (1997) · Saramago (1998) · Grass (1999) · Gao (2000)
2001 – saiki	Naipaul (2001) · Kertész (2002) · Coetzee (2003) · Jelinek (2004) · Pinter (2005) · Pamuk (2006) · Lessing (2007) · Le Clézio (2008) · Müller (2009) · Vargas Llosa (2010) · Tranströmer (2011) · Mo (2012) · Munro (2013) · Modiano (2014) · Alexievich (2015) · Dylan (2016) · Ishiguro (2017) · Tokarczuk (2018) · Handke (2019) · Glück (2020)